mysql 主从同步及备份

Mysql 主从复制搭建

mastermysql server my.cnf 配置内容如下
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
server-id = 1
port = 3306
basedir = /usr/bin
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
log_error = /var/lib/mysql/mysql-error.log
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format = ROW
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G
innodb_file_per_table=1
character-set-server = utf8

启动mysql,登陆数据库
mysql>CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS cattleCOLLATE = 'utf8_general_ci' CHARACTER SET = 'utf8';
mysql>GRANT ALL ON cattle.* TO'cattle'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'cattle';
mysql>GRANT ALL ON cattle.* TO'cattle'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'cattle';

slave mysql server my.cnf 配置文件：
[client]
port = 3306

[mysqld]
server-id = 2
port = 3306
basedir = /usr/bin
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
log_error = /var/lib/mysql/mysql-error.log
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format = ROW
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G
innodb_file_per_table=1
character-set-server = utf8
relay-log = slave-relay-bin
log-slave-updates
sync_relay_log = 1

开启ranch server 连接外部数据库：
docker run -d --restart=unless-stopped -p8080:8080 rancher/server \
--db-host 10.0.0.53--db-port 3306 --db-user cattle --db-pass cattle --db-name cattleTip --db-host 10.0.0.53 master mysql serverip address

登陆rancher server： https:// 10.0.0.53:8080

Master mysql server 复制账号设置：
Mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to slave@'%' identified by '123456';

备份主库数据库：
记录备份时mysql 主库备份时的log日志文件名和pos位置：
mysql>mysql> show master status\G
*************************** 1. row***************************
File: mysql-bin.000024
Position: 7187
Binlog_Do_DB: cattle
Binlog_Ignore_DB:Executed_Gtid_Set:1 row in set (0.01 sec)
备份mysql主库的cattle 数据库：
mysqldump-uroot -p --opt --flush-logs --databases cattle >mysql-cattle-bak.sql

在slave 从库服务器还原：
Mysql–uroot –p < mysql-fullbak-vgtest3.sql

在slave 从库执行如下命令：
mysql>CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST = '10.0.0.53', MASTER_USER = 'slave',MASTER_PORT = 3306, MASTER_PASSWORD = '123456', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000012',master_log_pos= 560332;
mysql>start slave;

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting formaster to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.0.53
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 14761
Relay_Log_File:slave-relay-bin.000004
Relay_Log_Pos: 14974
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: cattle
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 14761
Relay_Log_Space: 15228
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID:6cd9cf95-7018-11e7-acf6-080027e889c6
Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for moreupdates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Tip: 如果Slave_IO_Running:Yes ; Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 证明复制设置成功。

Mysql 数据库备份软件xtrabackup安装

下载并安装软件安装源

wgethttps://repo.percona.com/apt/percona-release_0.1-4.$(lsb_release -sc)_all.deb
dpkg-i percona-release_0.1-4.$(lsb_release -sc)_all.deb
apt-getupdate
apt-getinstall percona-xtrabackup-24

mysql数据库的全备份：
innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf--user=root --password=123456 --host=10.0.0.52 --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --no-timestamp /opt/mysqlbak

全备份恢复

停止数据库：
Servicemysql stop
删除数据库数据目录文件（比如在/var/lib/mysql）：
Rm -rf/var/lib/mysql/*
使用xtrabackup恢复：
innobackupex --apply-log /opt/mysqlbak
innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --copy-back /opt/mysqlbak
启动mysql： chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql Service mysql start

增量备份

第一次增量备份：
innobackupex--defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --user=root --password=123456--host=10.0.0.52 --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --no-timestamp --incremental-basedir=/opt/mysqlbaktest/mysqlfullbak--incremental /opt/mysqlbaktest/increment1 tip: incremental-basedir： 指向全备份的目录 第2次增量备份： innobackupex--defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --user=root --password=123456--host=10.0.0.52 --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --no-timestamp --incremental-basedir=/opt/mysqlbaktest/increment1--incremental /opt/mysqlbaktest/increment2 tip: incremental-basedir:指向第一次增量备份的目录。

增量备份还原

将最近一次全备数据库文件执行redo重做innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only/opt/mysqlbaktest/mysqlfullbak 将第一次增量备份库执行redo重做并且合并到全备库中
innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /opt/mysqlbaktest/mysqlfullbak--incremental-dir=/opt/mysqlbaktest/increment1
将最后一次增量备份日志合并到全备份库中，注意不用--redo-only
innobackupex --apply-log /opt/mysqlbaktest/mysqlfullbak--incremental-dir=/opt/mysqlbaktest/increment2
最后还原数据库：
innobackupex--copy-back /opt/mysqlbaktest/mysqlfullbak
chown -R mysql.mysql/var/lib/mysql
service mysql start