Python socket实现多对多全双工通信的方法

服务器：#server.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import sys
import struct#将字符串打包为二进制流进行网络传输
import select#
import signal#用于捕获中断信号
import cPickle#将python对象进行序列化:dumps将python对象序列化保存为字符串,loads与之相反
from socket import *
HOST = ''
def send(channel,*args):#发送数据
buffer = cPickle.dumps(args)
value = htonl(len(buffer))
size = struct.pack("L",value)
channel.send(size)
channel.send(buffer)
def receive(channel):#接收数据
size = struct.calcsize("L")
size = channel.recv(size)
try:
size = ntohl(struct.unpack("L",size)[0])#socket.ntohl(参考：http://blog.csdn.net/tatun/article/details/7194973)
except struct.error,e:
return ''
buf = ''
while len(buf) < size:
buf += channel.recv(size-len(buf))
return cPickle.loads(buf)[0]#恢复python对象

class ChatServer(object):
def __init__(self,PORT,backlog = 5):
self.clients = 0
self.clientmap = {}
self.outputs = [] #Client会话列表
self.server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
self.server.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,1)#重用套接字地址
self.server.bind((HOST,PORT))
self.server.listen(backlog)
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT,self.signalhandler)#使用signal模块捕获中断操作 SIGINT中断进程(ctrl+c)， SIGTERM 终止进程，SIGKILL杀死进程，SIGALRM 闹钟信号

def signalhandler(self,signum,frame):#中断处理方法
print "Shutting down server ..."
for output in self.outputs:
output.close()
self.server.close()

def get_client_name(self,client):
info = self.clientmap[client]
host,port,name = info[0][0],info[0][1],info[1]
return ':'.join((('@'.join((name,host))),str(port)))

def run(self):
inputs = [self.server]
print 'Waiting for connect...'
while True:
try:
readable,writeable,execption = select.select(inputs,self.outputs,[])
except select.error,e:
break
for sock in readable:
if sock == self.server:#服务器端接收
client,address = self.server.accept()
print "Chat server: connected from",address
self.clients += 1
cname = receive(client)
send(client,str(address[0]))
inputs.append(client)
self.clientmap[client] = (address,cname)
msg = "(Connected : New Client(%d) from %s)\n"%(self.clients,self.get_client_name(client))
message = "At present, only one of you is in the chat room!"
if self.clients == 1:
send(client,message)
for output in self.outputs:
send(output,msg)
self.outputs.append(client)#将开始回话的client加入Client回话列表

#elif sock == sys.stdin:
#break
else:
try:
data = receive(sock)
if data:
msg = '[' + self.get_client_name(sock)+ '] >> ' + data
for output in self.outputs:
if output!=sock:
send(output,msg)
else:
self.clients-=1
sock.close()
inputs.remove(sock)
self.outputs.remove(sock)
msg = '(Now hung up: Client from %s)'%self.get_client_name(sock)
message = "At present, only one of you is in the chat room!"
for output in self.outputs:
send(output,msg)
if self.clients == 1:
send(self.outputs[0],message)
except error,e:
inputs.remove(sock)
self.outputs.remove(sock)
self.server.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
server = ChatServer(6004)
server.run()

客户端：#client.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
from server import send,receive
from socket import *
import sys
import select
import cPickle
import struct
import signal

class ChatClient(object):
def __init__(self,name):
self.name = name
self.connected = False
self.host = 'localhost'
self.port = 6004
try:
self.sock = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)
self.sock.connect((self.host,self.port))
self.connected = True
send(self.sock,self.name)
data= receive(self.sock)
addr = data
except error,e:#socket.serro
print 'Failed to connect to chat server'
sys.exit(1)
def run(self):
while True:
try:
readable,writeable,exception = select.select([0,self.sock],[],[])
for sock in readable:
if sock == 0:
data = sys.stdin.readline().strip()
if data:
send(self.sock,data)
else:
data=receive(self.sock)
if not data:
print 'Client shutting down.'
self.connected = False
break
else:
sys.stdout.write(data+'\n')
sys.stdout.flush()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print 'Client interrupted'
self.sock.close()
break
if __name__ == "__main__":
name = raw_input("Please input login name > ")
client=ChatClient(name)
client.run()

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