从Matlab到FPGA(Matlab生成coe文件或mem文件)

当定点仿真完成后，就需要使用FPGA实现。
这时候需要把之前仿好的滤波器参数或者输入信号输出为coes文件:%% output coe file
Ff = fimath('CastBeforeSum', 0, 'OverflowMode', 'Saturate', ...
'RoundMode', 'round', 'ProductMode', 'SpecifyPrecision', 'SumMode', 'SpecifyPrecision', ...
'ProductWordLength', 16, 'ProductFractionLength', 15, 'SumWordLength', 16, 'SumFractionLength', 15);
Tf = numerictype('WordLength', 16, 'FractionLength', 15);
wr = 'ram'; % select the output type
outset = fi(hmc.Numerator, Tf, Ff); % the filter need to be outputted, datatype:fi
outset_len = length(outset);
fp = fopen('D:\tmp\fpga_matlab\FIR.coe','w');
if( strcmp(wr, 'ram') )
fprintf( fp, 'MEMORY_INITIALIZATION_RADIX=16;\n' );
fprintf( fp, 'MEMORY_INITIALIZATION_VECTOR=\n' );
elseif( strcmp(wr, 'fir') )
fprintf( fp, 'radix=10;\n' );
fprintf( fp, 'coefdata=\n' );
end
for i = 1:outset_len
out = outset(i);
if( strcmp(wr, 'ram') )
out_r = real(out); %ram
out_i = imag(out);
fprintf(fp, '%s%s\n', out_i.hex, out_r.hex);
elseif( strcmp(wr, 'fir') )
out = outset(i); %fir
fprintf(fp, '%.17f\n', out);
end
end
fclose(fp);由于滤波器在仿真中一个结构体，所以把里面的参数变成fi对象，这样可以很方便输出十六进制或者二进制之类。
这里代码还提供了RAM的coe文件输出的选择。
这样，使用IP核的时候就可以把这些文件拖进去。
也可以使用原语的方式实现RAM，这样可以很方便地移植代码，如下：xpm_memory_sdpram # (

// Common module parameters
.MEMORY_SIZE (4096), //positive integer
.MEMORY_PRIMITIVE ("auto"), //string; "auto", "distributed", "block" or "ultra";
.CLOCKING_MODE ("common_clock"), //string; "common_clock", "independent_clock"
.MEMORY_INIT_FILE (file), //string; "none" or "<filename>.mem"
.MEMORY_INIT_PARAM ("" ), //string;
.USE_MEM_INIT (1), //integer; 0,1
.WAKEUP_TIME ("disable_sleep"), //string; "disable_sleep" or "use_sleep_pin"
.MESSAGE_CONTROL (0), //integer; 0,1
.ECC_MODE ("no_ecc"), //string; "no_ecc", "encode_only", "decode_only" or "both_encode_and_decode"
.AUTO_SLEEP_TIME (0), //Do not Change

// Port A module parameters
.WRITE_DATA_WIDTH_A (16), //positive integer
.BYTE_WRITE_WIDTH_A (16), //integer; 8, 9, or WRITE_DATA_WIDTH_A value
.ADDR_WIDTH_A (8), //positive integer

// Port B module parameters
.READ_DATA_WIDTH_B (16), //positive integer
.ADDR_WIDTH_B (8), //positive integer
.READ_RESET_VALUE_B ("0"), //string
.READ_LATENCY_B (2), //non-negative integer
.WRITE_MODE_B ("no_change") //string; "write_first", "read_first", "no_change"

) xpm_memory_sdpram_inst (

// Common module ports
.sleep (1'b0),

// Port A module ports
.clka (clk),
.ena (1'b1),
.wea (enw),
.addra (waddr),
.dina (wdata),
.injectsbiterra (
4000
1'b0),
.injectdbiterra (1'b0),

// Port B module ports
.clkb (clk),
.rstb (1'b0),
.enb (1'b1),
.regceb (1'b1),
.addrb (raddr),
.doutb (rdata),
.sbiterrb (),
.dbiterrb ()
);这样就例化了一个读写RAM
这里RAM的初始化数据是mem文件，可以用如下Matlab代码输出：outset = [0;ER1];
outset = fi(outset, T, F); % the filter need to be outputted, datatype:fi
outset_len = length(outset);
fp = fopen('D:\tmp\fpga_matlab\ER1.mem','w');
for i = 1:outset_len
out = outset(i);
fprintf(fp, '@%04x %04x\n', (i-1), out.int);
end
fclose(fp);使用Verilog测试时，需要读取txt文件的数据输入仿真的模块，并把输出的数据保存到txt再用Matlab读取出来分析，Matlab侧输出数据到txt的代码如下：%% output fi object
outset = RR;%fi(Tx, T, F);  % the filter need to be outputted, datatype:fi
outset_len = length(outset);
% if(outset_len>10000)
%     outset_len = 10000;
% end
fp = fopen('D:\tmp\fpga_matlab\Tx.txt','w');
for i = 1:outset_len
    out = outset(i);
    r_out = real(out);
    i_out = imag(out);
    fprintf(fp, '%s %s\n', r_out.dec, i_out.dec);
end
fclose(fp);Matlab侧读取txt的代码为：%% input fi object
fp = fopen('D:\tmp\fpga_matlab\Rx.txt','r');
in = textscan(fp, '%s');
fclose(fp);
ins = in{1,1};
in_l = length(ins);
rx = zeros( in_l/2, 1 );
for i = 1:2:in_l
in_r = str2double(ins{i});
in_i = str2double(ins{i+1});
rx( (i+1)/2 ) = in_r/(2^14) + 1j*in_i/(2^14);
end对应的verilog代码如下：

integer fp_r, fp_w, cnt, r_n, w_n;
// read data
initial begin
fp_r = $fopen("D:/tmp/fpga_matlab/Tx1.txt", "r");
r_n = 0;
s_axis_data_tvalid = 0;
s_axis_data_tdata = 0;
wait(rst_n==1);
@(posedge clk)
while(!$feof(fp_r)) begin
#1
cnt = $fscanf(fp_r, "%d %d", data_in_I, data_in_Q);
r_n = r_n + 1;
s_axis_data_tdata = { data_in_Q[15:0], data_in_I[15:0] };
s_axis_data_tvalid = 1;
@(posedge clk);
#1
s_axis_data_tvalid = 0;
#(1*PERIOD);
end
s_axis_data_tvalid = 0;
s_axis_data_tdata = 0;
$fclose(fp_r);
end

// write data
initial begin
fp_w = $fopen("D:/tmp/fpga_matlab/Tx2_fpga.txt","w");//以写的方式打开文件
w_n = 0;
@(posedge m_axis_data_tvalid)
while(m_axis_data_tvalid)
begin
@(posedge clk)
data_out_I = m_axis_data_tdata[15:0];
data_out_Q = m_axis_data_tdata[31:16];
$fwrite(fp_w,"%d %d\n", $signed(data_out_I), $signed(data_out_Q));
w_n = w_n + 1;
end
$fclose(fp_w);
end