Python_Weekend_13 面向对象做三个分数、大球吃小球、五子棋

主要是练习的是面向对象的方法，通过三个例子进行

第一个是：计算分数的加减乘除

from math import gcd
class Fraction(object):
def __init__(self, num, den):
if den == 0:
raise ValueError('分母不能为0')
self._num = num
self._den = den
self.normalize()   ## 如果分母为负数 则处理整个分数
self.simplify()    ## 约分数

@property
def num(self):
return self._num

@property
def den(self):
return self._den

def add(self, other):
return Fraction(self._num * other.den + self._den * other.num,
self._den * other.den).simplify().normalize()

def sub(self, other):
return Fraction(self._num * other.den - self._den * other.num,
self._den * other.den).simplify().normalize()

def mul(self, other):
return Fraction(self._num * other.num, self._den * other.den)\
.simplify().normalize()

def div(self, other):
return Fraction(self._num * other.den, self._den * other.num)\
.simplify().normalize()

def __add__(self, other):    ## 这是用内置加减乘法运算
return self.add(other)

def __sub__(self, other):
return self.sub(other)

def __mul__(self, other):
return self.mul(other)

def __truediv__(self, other):
return self.div(other)

def simplify(self):
if self._num != 0 and self._den != 1:
factor = gcd(abs(self._num), abs(self._den))
if factor > 1:
self._num //= factor
self._den //= factor
return self

def normalize(self):
if self._den < 0:
self._num = -self._num
self._den = -self._den
return self

def __str__(self):
if self._num == 0:
return '0'
elif self._den == 1:
return str(self._num)
else:
return '%d/%d' % (self._num, self._den)

def main():
f1 = Fraction(3, -6)
f2 = Fraction(3, 4)
print(f1)
print(f2)
print(f1 + f2)
print(f1 - f2)
print(f1 * f2)
print(f1 / f2)
print((f1 - f2) * f2)

if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

结果如下：

-1/2
3/4
1/4
-5/4
-3/8
-2/3
-15/16

第二个程序：大球吃小球

from random import randint

import pygame

class Ball(object):

def __init__(self, center, color, radius, speed):
# 中心点 ，颜色，半径，速度
self._center = center
self._color = color
self._radius = radius
self._speed = speed

@property
def center(self):
return self._center

@property
def radius(self):
return self._radius

def move(self): ## 移动
x, y = self._center[0], self._center[1]
sx, sy = self._speed[0], self._speed[1]
self._center = x, y = x + sx, y + sy
if x + self._radius >= 800 or x - self._radius <= 0:
self._speed = -sx, sy
if y + self._radius >= 600 or y - self._radius <= 0:
self._speed = sx, -sy

def draw(self, screen):
pygame.draw.circle(screen, self._color, self._center,
self._radius, 0)

def main():
balls = []
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
pygame.display.set_caption('大球吃小球')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
running = True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN \
and event.button == 1:
color = random_color()
radius = randint(10, 100)
speed = randint(-10, 10), randint(-10, 10)
ball = Ball(event.pos, color, radius, speed)
balls.append(ball)
refresh(screen, balls)
clock.tick(24)
for ball in balls:
ball.move()
pygame.quit()

def refresh(screen, balls):
bg_color = (242, 242, 242)
screen.fill(bg_color)
for ball in balls:
ball.draw(screen)
pygame.display.flip()

def random_color():
red = randint(0, 255)
green = randint(0, 255)
blue = randint(0, 255)
return red, green, blue

if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

这个的BUG是四个角落点击出现的 球会出现类似卡住抖动的效果，还需要改进

第三个程序是五子棋：

import pygame

EMPTY = 0
BLACK = 1
WHITE = 2

black_color = [0,0,0]    # 黑棋
white_color = [255, 255,255]   #白棋

class RenjuBoard(object):

def __init__(self):
self._board = [[]] * 15
self.reset()            #  棋盘状态

def reset(self):
for row in range(len(self._board)):
self._board[row] = [EMPTY] * 15    # 清空棋盘

#走棋
def move(self,row,col,is_black):
if self._board[row][col] == EMPTY:
self._board[row][col] = BLACK if is_black else WHITE
return True
return False

# 画棋盘
# 传屏幕
def draw(self,screen):
for index in range(1, 16):
pygame.draw.line(screen, black_color,
[40, 40 * index], [600, 40 * index], 2)          #  划线   屏幕 起点位置 初始位置 结束位置 线段粗细
pygame.draw.line(screen, black_color,
[40 * index, 40], [40 * index, 600], 2)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, black_color, [36, 36, 568, 568], 4)  # 画矩形  左上角起点前两个 后两个宽高
pygame.draw.circle(screen, black_color, [320, 320], 5, 0)  # 画圆 后面0表示填充
pygame.draw.circle(screen, black_color, [160, 160], 5, 0)
pygame.draw.circle(screen, black_color, [480, 480], 5, 0)
pygame.draw.circle(screen, black_color, [480, 160], 5, 0)
pygame.draw.circle(screen, black_color, [160, 480], 5, 0)
for row in range(len(self._board)):
for col in range(len(self._board[row])):
if self._board[row][col] != EMPTY:
ccolor = black_color \
if self._board[row][col] == BLACK else white_color
pos = [40 * (col + 1), 40 * (row + 1)]
pygame.draw.circle(screen, ccolor, pos, 20, 0)

def main():
board = RenjuBoard()
is_black = True
pygame.init()                                  #  初始化
pygame.display.set_caption('五子棋')            #  名字命名
screen = pygame.display.set_mode([640, 640])   # 桌面大小
screen.fill([255, 255, 0])                  # 填充
board.draw(screen)                              # 执行画格子动作
pygame.display.flip()                      #更新显示到屏幕表面
running = True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():         ##　判断事件
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:          ## 退出窗口
running = False                    # 运行结束
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN\
and event.button == 1:             # 鼠标点击事件
x,y = event.pos           #  事件发生坐标

row =round((y - 40)/40)
col = round((x - 40) / 40)
if board.move(row,col,is_black):
is_black = not is_black      # 检查如果不是白色
screen.fill([255,255,0])    # 填充
board.draw(screen)        # 执行画格子动作
pygame.display.flip()       #更新显示到屏幕表面
pygame.quit()                               # 退出

if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

虽然做了三道题，但是感觉对面向对象还是理解的不好，可能是不太熟悉吧，还需多加练习相关习题

ps：不过做出来，看着效果，感觉好安逸，更加有兴趣继续专研了