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【学习笔记】FreeMarker 之于Servlet与Stuts2的应用

2018-02-18 22:07 726 查看

FreeMarker应用在Servlet（0配置web.xml形式）：

准备环境：

tomcat7、eclipse最新版、jdk1.8、freemarker v2.3.20.jar

举例项目结构图:

创建DynamicWebProject，在WEB-INF/lib中引入freemarker.jar

在WEB-INF下创建templates文件夹，在templates文件夹下创建test.ftl模板文件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Test Freemarker by servlet</title>
</head>
<body>
${message}
</body>
</html>

创建FreeMarkerServlet

package com.github.hellxz;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import freemarker.template.Configuration;
import freemarker.template.Template;
import freemarker.template.TemplateException;

/**
* Servlet implementation class FreeMarkerServlet
*/
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
@WebServlet("/test")
public class FreeMarkerServlet extends HttpServlet {

Configuration conf; //声明FreeMarker配置文件
@Override
public void init() throws ServletException {
super.init();
conf = new Configuration();//初始化FreeMarker配置文件
//设置模板文件目录
conf.setServletContextForTemplateLoading(getServletContext(), "/WEB-INF/templates");
}

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//数据模型
Map<String,Object> root = new HashMap<>();
root.put("message", "本条消息由servlet转发FreeMarker展现");
//设置字符集，防止乱码
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
//获取输出流
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
//获取模板
Template template = conf.getTemplate("test.ftl");
try {
//生成html文件并输出
template.process(root, writer);
} catch (TemplateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
writer.flush();
writer.close();
}

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}

}

启动tomcat查看输出:

Struts2实现FreeMarker模板应用：

准备环境：

struts-2.5.14.1（min）、tomcat7、eclipse最新版、jdk1.8、freemarker v2.3.20.jar

举例项目结构图：

lib中引入官网下载的struts2 min必要jar包

将struts2.core解压找到struts-tags.tld放入WEB-INF中（为了能让模板支持类struts标签）

WebContent下新建success.ftl模板文件：

<#assign s=JspTaglibs["/WEB-INF/struts-tags.tld"] /> <#--这一句是为了让Freemarker识别struts2的标签 -->
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<h1>${companyName}</h1>
<@s.form action="reg" >
<@s.textfield label="用户名" name="uname"  />
<@s.submit />
</@s.form>
</body>
</html>

WEB-INF下创建web.xml文件（filter-class中注掉的是老版本的，请按照实际能找到的类进行配置，否则会报ClassNotFoundException）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
<!-- org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter -->
</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<servlet>
<servlet-name>freemarker</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
freemarker.ext.servlet.FreemarkerServlet
</servlet-class>
<!--下面的配置freemarke的ftl文件的位置 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>TemplatePath</param-name>
<param-value>/</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 是否和服务器（tommcat)一起启动。0为不。1为是-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>freemarker</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.ftl</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<servlet>
<!-- define a JspSupportServlet Object -->
<servlet-name>JspSupportServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts2.views.JspSupportServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- setting JspSupportServlet auto start -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

</web-app>

在src下新建TestAction类（注意包名）：

package test;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class TestAction extends ActionSupport {

private String companyName="北京尚学堂";

//不指定方法默认执行此方法
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("TestAction.execute()");
return SUCCESS;
}

public String getCompanyName() {
return companyName;
}

public void setCompanyName(String companyName) {
this.companyName = companyName;
}

}

src下创建struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="utf8" />
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />
<package name="default" extends="struts-default">
<action name="test" class="test.TestAction">
<result name="success" type="freemarker">success.ftl</result>
</action>
</package>

</struts>

启动tomcat并测试：

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