Django 学习笔记

Django框架初步
  模板
  视图

  实体
  数据库
搭建网站
  


  D:\django web>django-admin.py startproject website
 D:.
 │  manage.py #管理工具
 │
 └─website
         settings.py #网站配置
         urls.py #URL设置
         wsgi.py #不用关心
         __init__.py #website对于python来说是一个包

settings.py内容
  """
Django settings for website project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.10.

For more information on this file, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/ """

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '-()lsvd@b_p&1mt_1w2*5b3%#yz6s!qc11-cs)y90w1h!+c7u!'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True #是否打开调试信息

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [ #工程所包含的APPS，即网站
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'blogs', #创建blog网站
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'website.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'website.wsgi.application'

# Database 数据库连接
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = { #数据库配置
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
}
}

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-cn' #编码，改为中文

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai' #时区，改为上海

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/'


urls.py 内容
"""website URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/http/urls/ Examples:
Function views
1. Add an import: from my_app import views
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^$', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^blog/index/$','blog.views.index') #url地址中包含blog/index的时候去浏览blog.views.index网页
]
创建blog-APP
 在cmd中输入 D:\django web\website>django-admin.py startapp blog
D:\django web\website\blog>tree /f
卷 Elements 的文件夹 PATH 列表
卷序列号为 000000BC 8447:CA58
D:.
│  admin.py
│  apps.py
│  models.py  #实体类
│  tests.py
│  views.py  #视图文件
│  __init__.py  #以报的形式存在

 打开views.py文件
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.

from django.http import HttpResponse

def index(request):
return HttpResponse("<h1>Hello World!!</h1>")  #视图文件

 启动内置服务器测试