Oracle 数据库安装与用户创建

1、Linux(RedHat6.8)下安装Oracle11gR2

单实例数据库主机配置
1-1#添加用户和组

groupadd -g 501 oinstall

groupadd -g 502 dba

useradd -u 1002 -g oinstall -G dba oracle

1-2#修改密码

[root@node1 ~]# passwd oracle

1-3#挂载本地光盘为yum源(光驱挂载镜像)
1-3-1#
mkdir /mnt/cdrom

mount -t iso9660 /dev/sr0  /mnt/cdrom

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls

redhat.repo   rhel-source.repo

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]touch rhel-media.repo

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi rhel-media.repo

1-3-2#输入下列命令
[media]

name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.8

baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

之后退出保存

1-3-3#清除原有缓存

yum clean all

1-3-4#验证yum是否配置成功

yum makecache

1-4#依次安装软件包
yum -y install binutils* compat* elfutils* gcc* glibc* libaio* libgcc* libstdc* numactl* sysstat* unixODBC* make* ksh* 

1-5#检查安装是否完全

rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n' binutils \

compat-libstdc++-33 \

elfutils-libelf \

elfutils-libelf-devel \

gcc \

gcc-c++ \

glibc \

glibc-common \

glibc-devel \

glibc-headers \

ksh \

libaio \

libaio-devel \

libgcc \

libstdc++ \

libstdc++-devel \

make \

sysstat \

unixODBC \

unixODBC-devel

1-6#配置内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576                

fs.file-max = 681574400           

kernel.shmall = 15728640000   #字节，共享内存大小，最好调的跟内存一样的  memory_target memory_size scope=spfile

kernel.shmmax = 137438953472 

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586 

# sysctl -p  ##终端执行使核心参数生效  

1-7#配置shell 限制各个节点要做

vi   /etc/security/limits.conf 

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 10240

oracle hard nofile 655360

1-8#查看pam_limits.so配置,如果不存在就加上一下行

vi /etc/pam.d/login

session required pam_limits.so 

vi   /etc/profile         针对 linux sh 的环境

if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

umask 022

fi

1-9#创建目录(目录的创建位置取决于磁盘空间的大小，最好创建在一个空间充足的地方)

mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

chown -R oracle:oinstall  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

mkdir  /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs 

chown -R oracle:oinstall  /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

1-10#配置用户环境变量(oracle数据库的环境参数)

su – oracle 

vi .bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=testdb

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH

export ORACLE_UNQNAME=testdb

1-11#图形化安装

# ./runInstaller

执行至最后的安装步骤之后，需要执行两个.sh脚本，此脚本的执行界面上有相关提示操作，烦请注意

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

1-12# netca 创建监听[b](按照图例化创建)[/b]

1-13# dbca创建实例(按照图例化创建)

1-14#创建表空间和用户

1-14-1临时表空间

create temporary tablespace textca_temp tempfile '/home/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/textca_tmp01.dbf' size 30G;

1-14-2创建表空间

create tablespace textca logging datafile '/home/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/textca_data01.dbf' size 30G;

扩容表空间

alter tablespace textca add datafile '/home/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/textca_data02.dbf' size 30G;

alter tablespace textca add datafile '/home/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/textca_data03.dbf' size 30G;

1-14-3用户创建

create user testdbyn identified by testdbyn default tablespace textca temporary tablespace textca_temp;

赋权

grant select any table to testdbyn;

grant delete any table to testdbyn;

grant update any table to testdbyn;

grant insert any table to testdbyn;

grant create session to testdbyn;

grant create table to testdbyn;

grant unlimited tablespace to testdbyn;

grant connect,resource,dba to testdbyn;

2、imp导入指定表空间的数据(from库与to库表空间名要一致)

只需要在oracle下直接运行即可

imp testdbyn/testdbyn@IP:Port/testdb file='/home/causer-20180126.dmp' fromuser=causer touser=testdbyn   rows=y  commit=y  buffer=65536  feedback=100000  ignore=y