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LWC 69: 774. Minimize Max Distance to Gas Station

2018-01-29 14:36 357 查看

LWC 69: 774. Minimize Max Distance to Gas Station

传送门:774. Minimize Max Distance to Gas Station

Problem:

On a horizontal number line, we have gas stations at positions stations[0], stations1, …, stations[N-1], where N = stations.length.

Now, we add K more gas stations so that D, the maximum distance between adjacent gas stations, is minimized.

Return the smallest possible value of D.

Example:

Input: stations = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], K = 9

Output: 0.500000

Note:

stations.length will be an integer in range [10, 2000].

stations[i] will be an integer in range [0, 10^8].

K will be an integer in range [1, 10^6].

Answers within 10^-6 of the true value will be accepted as correct.

思路:

首先求出每个station之间的距离,考虑如下问题:两个station为[1, 9],gap为8。要插入一个station使得最大的最小,显然插入后应该为[1, 5, 9],最大间隔为4。举个反例,如果插入后为[1, 6, 9], [1, 3, 9],它们的最大间隔分别为5, 6,明显不是最小。从这里可以看出,对于插入k个station使得最大的最小的唯一办法是均分。

一种贪心的做法是,找到最大的gap,插入1个station,依此类推,但很遗憾,这种贪心策略是错误的。问题的难点在于我们无法确定到底哪两个station之间需要插入station,插入几个station也无法得知。

换个思路,如果我们假设知道了答案会怎么样?因为知道了最大间隔,所以如果目前的两个station之间的gap没有符合最大间隔的约束,那么我们就必须添加新的station来让它们符合最大间隔的约束,这样一来,对于每个gap我们是能够求得需要添加station的个数。如果需求数<=K,说明我们还可以进一步减小最大间隔,直到需求数>K。

Java版本:

public double minmaxGasDist(int[] stations, int K) {
int n = stations.length;
double[] gap = new double[n - 1];
for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; ++i) {
gap[i] = stations[i + 1] - stations[i];
}
double lf = 0;
double rt = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
double eps = 1e-7;
while (Math.abs(rt - lf) > eps) {
double mid = (lf + rt) /2;
if (check(gap, mid, K)) {
rt = mid;
}
else {
lf = mid;
}
}
return lf;
}

boolean check(double[] gap, double mid, int K) {
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < gap.length; ++i) {
count += (int)(gap[i] / mid);
}
return count <= K;
}


Python版本:

class Solution(object):
def minmaxGasDist(self, st, K):
"""
:type stations: List[int]
:type K: int
:rtype: float
"""
lf = 1e-6
rt = st[-1] - st[0]
eps = 1e-7
while rt - lf > eps:
mid = (rt + lf) / 2
cnt = 0
for a, b in zip(st, st[1:]):
cnt += (int)((b - a) / mid)
if cnt <= K: rt = mid
else: lf = mid
return rt
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