[搜索]ElasticSearch Java Api(一) －创建索引

ElasticSearch JAVA API

一、生成JSON

创建索引的第一步是要把对象转换为JSON字符串.官网给出了四种创建JSON文档的方法：

1.1手写方式生成

String json = "{" +
"\"user\":\"kimchy\"," +
"\"postDate\":\"2013-01-30\"," +
"\"message\":\"trying out Elasticsearch\"" +
"}";

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手写方式很简单，但是要注意日期格式：Date Formate

1.2使用集合

集合是key:value数据类型，可以代表json结构.

Map<String, Object> json = new HashMap<String, Object>();
json.put("user","kimchy");
json.put("postDate","2013-01-30");
json.put("message","trying out Elasticsearch");

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1.3使用JACKSON序列化

ElasticSearch已经使用了jackson，可以直接使用它把javabean转为json.

// instance a json mapper
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); // create once, reuse

// generate json
byte[] json = mapper.writeValueAsBytes(yourbeaninstance);

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1.4使用ElasticSearch 帮助类

import static org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory.*;

XContentBuilder builder = jsonBuilder()
.startObject()
.field("user", "kimchy")
.field("postDate", new Date())
.field("message", "trying out Elasticsearch")
.endObject()

String json = builder.string();

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二、创建索引

下面的例子把json文档写入所以，索引库名为twitter、类型为tweet,id为1：

import static org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory.*;

IndexResponse response = client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet", "1")
.setSource(jsonBuilder()
.startObject()
.field("user", "kimchy")
.field("postDate", new Date())
.field("message", "trying out Elasticsearch")
.endObject()
)
.get();

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也可以直接传人JSON字符串：

String json = "{" +
"\"user\":\"kimchy\"," +
"\"postDate\":\"2013-01-30\"," +
"\"message\":\"trying out Elasticsearch\"" +
"}";

IndexResponse response = client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet")
.setSource(json)
.get();

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可以调用response对象的方法获取返回信息：

// 索引名称
String _index = response.getIndex();
// 类型名称
String _type = response.getType();
// 文档id
String _id = response.getId();
// 版本(if it's the first time you index this document, you will get: 1)
long _version = response.getVersion();
// 是否被创建is true if the document is a new one, false if it has been updated
boolean created = response.isCreated();

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更简单的可以直接

System.out.println(response)

查看返回信息.

三、java实现

新建一个java项目，导入elasticsearch-2.3.3/lib目录下的jar文件.新建一个Blog类：

public class Blog {
private Integer id;
private String title;
private String posttime;
private String content;

public Blog() {
}

public Blog(Integer id, String title, String posttime, String content) {
this.id = id;
this.title = title;
this.posttime = posttime;
this.content = content;
}
//setter and getter
｝

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创建java实体类转json工具类：

import java.io.IOException;

import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory;

public class JsonUtil {

// Java实体对象转json对象
public static String model2Json(Blog blog) {
String jsonData = null;
try {
XContentBuilder jsonBuild = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder();
jsonBuild.startObject().field("id", blog.getId()).field("title", blog.getTitle())
.field("posttime", blog.getPosttime()).field("content",blog.getContent()).endObject();

jsonData = jsonBuild.string();
//System.out.println(jsonData);

} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

return jsonData;
}

}

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添加数据，返回一个list：

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

public class DataFactory {
public static DataFactory dataFactory = new DataFactory();

private DataFactory() {
}

public DataFactory getInstance() {
return dataFactory;
}

public static List<String> getInitJsonData() {
List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
String data1 = JsonUtil.model2Json(new Blog(1, "git简介", "2016-06-19", "SVN与Git最主要的区别..."));
String data2 = JsonUtil.model2Json(new Blog(2, "Java中泛型的介绍与简单使用", "2016-06-19", "学习目标 掌握泛型的产生意义..."));
String data3 = JsonUtil.model2Json(new Blog(3, "SQL基本操作", "2016-06-19", "基本操作：CRUD ..."));
String data4 = JsonUtil.model2Json(new Blog(4, "Hibernate框架基础", "2016-06-19", "Hibernate框架基础..."));
String data5 = JsonUtil.model2Json(new Blog(5, "Shell基本知识", "2016-06-19", "Shell是什么..."));
list.add(data1);
list.add(data2);
list.add(data3);
list.add(data4);
list.add(data5);
return list;
}

}

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创建索引、添加数据：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.Client;
import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.InetSocketTransportAddress;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder;

import static org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory.*;

public class ElasticSearchHandler {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
/* 创建客户端 */
// client startup
Client client = TransportClient.builder().build()
.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9300));

List<String> jsonData = DataFactory.getInitJsonData();

for (int i = 0; i < jsonData.size(); i++) {
IndexResponse response = client.prepareIndex("blog", "article").setSource(jsonData.get(i)).get();
if (response.isCreated()) {
System.out.println("创建成功!");
}
}
client.close();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

}

}

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查看插入的数据： 

2016.12.12 日更新

使用5.X版本的移步到这里：Elasticsearch 5.0下Java API使用指南

视频教程

课程地址：http://edu.csdn.net/course/detail/5578
http://blog.csdn.net/napoay/article/details/51707023