es核心知识篇学习之Elasticsearch 06 ---elasticsearch有六种搜索方式
2018-01-20 16:59
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elasticsearch有六种搜索方式:
1、query string search2、query DSL3、query filter4、full-text search5、phrase search6、highlight search
1、query string search 搜索全部商品:GET /ecommerce/product/_search took:耗费了几毫秒timed_out:是否超时,这里是没有_shards:数据拆成了5个分片,所以对于搜索请求,会打到所有的primary shard(或者是它的某个replica shard也可以)hits.total:查询结果的数量,3个documenthits.max_score:score的含义,就是document对于一个search的相关度的匹配分数,越相关,就越匹配,分数也高hits.hits:包含了匹配搜索的document的详细数据{
"took": 2,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 3,
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"name": "jiajieshiyagao",
"desc": "youxiaofangzhu",
"price": 25,
"producer": "jiajieshiproducer",
"tags": [
"fangzhu"
]
}
},
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"name": "gaolujieyagao",
"desc": "gaoxiaomeibai",
"price": 30,
"producer": "gaolujieproducer",
"tags": [
"meibai",
"fangzhu"
]
}
},
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "3",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"name": "zhonghuayagao",
"desc": "caobenzhiwu",
"price": 40,
"producer": "zhonghuaproducer",
"tags": [
"qingxin"
]
}
}
]
}
}query string search的由来,因为search参数都是以http请求的query string来附带的 搜索商品名称中包含yagao的商品,而且按照售价降序排序:GET/ecommerce/product/_search?q=name:yagao&sort=price:desc 适用于临时的在命令行使用一些工具,比如curl,快速的发出请求,来检索想要的信息;但是在生产环境中,几乎很少使用query string search,因为他把所有的请求参数都弄在了query string 里如果查询请求很复杂,是很难去构建的 2、query DSL DSL:Domain Specified Language,特定领域的语言http request body:请求体,可以用json的格式来构建查询语法,比较方便,可以构建各种复杂的语法,比query string search肯定强大多了 查询所有的商品
GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": { "match_all":{} }
}查询名称包含yagao的商品,同时按照价格降序排序
GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"name" :"yagao"
}
},
"sort": [
{ "price": "desc" }
]
}
分页查询商品,总共3条商品,假设每页就显示1条商品,现在显示第2页,所以就查出来第2个商品
GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": { "match_all":{} },
"from": 1,
"size": 1
}指定要查询出来商品的名称和价格就可以
GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": { "match_all":{} },
"_source": ["name","price"]
}更加适合生产环境的使用,可以构建复杂的查询 [b]3、query filter[/b]对数据进行过滤搜索商品名称包含yagao,而且售价大于25元的商品 GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query" : {
"bool" : {
"must" : {
"match" : {
"name" :"yagao"
}
},
"filter" : {
"range" : {
"price" : {"gt" : 25 }
}
}
}
}
}注API:
"bool" ---> 查询条件
"must" ---> 必须匹配
"filter" ---> 过滤
"range" ---> 范围
“gt” ---> ">"
“gte” ---> ">="
“It” ---> "<"
“Ite” ---> "<="
4、full-text search(全文检索)
GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"producer" : "yagaoproducer"
}
}
}producer这个字段,会先被拆解,建立倒排索引
special 4
yagao 4
producer 1,2,3,4
gaolujie 1
zhognhua 3
jiajieshi 2yagaoproducer ---> yagao和producer
{
"took": 4,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total":b9424,
"max_score": 0.70293105,
"hits": [
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "4",
"_score":0.70293105,
"_source": {
"name": "specialyagao",
"desc": "specialmeibai",
"price": 50,
"producer": "special yagaoproducer",
"tags": [
"meibai"
]
}
},
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "1",
"_score":0.25811607,
"_source": {
"name": "gaolujieyagao",
"desc": "gaoxiaomeibai",
"price": 30,
"producer": "gaolujieproducer",
"tags": [
"meibai",
"fangzhu"
]
}
},
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "3",
"_score":0.25811607,
"_source": {
"name": "zhonghuayagao",
"desc": "caobenzhiwu",
"price": 40,
"producer": "zhonghuaproducer",
"tags": [
"qingxin"
]
}
},
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "2",
"_score":0.1805489,
"_source": {
"name": "jiajieshiyagao",
"desc": "youxiaofangzhu",
"price": 25,
"producer": "jiajieshi producer",
"tags": [
"fangzhu"
]
}
}
]
}
}5、phrase search(短语搜索) 跟全文检索相对应,相反,全文检索会将输入的搜索串拆解开来,去倒排索引里面去一一匹配,只要能匹配上任意一个拆解后的单词,就可以作为结果返回phrase search,要求输入的搜索串,必须在指定的字段文本中,完全包含一模一样的,才可以算匹配,才能作为结果返回 GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query" : {
"match_phrase": {
"producer" : "yagao producer"
}
}
}
{
"took": 11,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.70293105,
"hits": [
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "4",
"_score": 0.70293105,
"_source": {
"name": "specialyagao",
"desc": "specialmeibai",
"price": 50,
"producer": "special yagao producer",
"tags": [
"meibai"
]
}
}
]
}
}[b]6、highlight search(高亮搜索结果)[/b]
GET/ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"producer":"gaolujie"
}
},
"highlight": {
"fields": {
"producer": {}
}
}
}
{
"took": 61,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.25811607,
"hits": [
{
"_index":"ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.25811607,
"_source": {
"name":"lianxiaobaolianxiaobao aibili",
"desc": "gaoxiaomeibai",
"price": 30,
"producer": "gaolujieproducer",
"tags": [
"meibai",
"fangzhu"
]
},
"highlight": {
"producer": [
"<em>gaolujie</em>producer"
]
}
}
]
}
}
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