笨办法学python 粗略笔记(learn python the hard way)
2018-01-16 16:46
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笨办法学python 粗略笔记(learn python the hard way)
标签(空格分隔): python# _*_ coding: utf_8 _*_ ''' ### ex1 print("ex1 ." * 5 ) print('this is my first print report') print('Hello World') print('I don\'\t like typing') print('\n'.join(' '.join('{}*{}={}'.format(i, j, i*j) for i in range(1, j+1)) for j in range(1, 10))) ### ex2 print("ex2 ." * 5 ) print('I could have code like this.') print('this will run.') print('倒着读代码是一个好的排除错误的方法') ### ex3 print("ex3 ." * 5 ) print('I will now count my chickens:') print("Hens,", 25+30/6) print('Roster,', 100-25*3%4) print('now, I will count the eggs:') print(3+21+5-5+4%2-1/4+6) print("Is it true that 3+2<5-7?") print(3+2 < 5-7) print('What is 3+2', 3+2) print("What is 5-7", 5-7) print("Oh, that's why it's false.") print("Is it greater? ", 5>-2) print("Is it less or equal?", 5<=-2) print("this is float or int divide, 5%2, 5/2, 5//2: ", 5%2, 5/2, 5//2) ### ex4 print("ex4 ." * 5 ) print("这是python 编写技巧:") print("1、在每一行都加上注释, 2、倒着读.py文件, 3、朗读你的.py文件,将每个字母都读出来") cars = 100 space_in_a_car = 4.0 drivers = 30 passengers = 90 cars_not_driven = cars - drivers cars_driven = drivers carpool_capacity = cars_driven * space_in_a_car average_passengers_per_car = passengers / cars_driven print("there are", cars, "cars available.") print("there are only", drivers, "drivers available.") print("there will be", cars_not_driven, "empty_cars_today") print("we can transport ", carpool_capacity, "people today") print("we have", passengers, "to carpool_capacity.") print("we need to put about", average_passengers_per_car, "in each car.") ### ex5 print("ex5 ." * 5 ) my_name = 'steve wang' my_age = 35 my_weight = 128 my_height = 175 my_eyes = 'Blue' my_teeth = 'White' my_hair = 'Black' print("Let's talk about %s." % my_name) print("He's %d inches tall." % my_height) print("He's %d pounds heavy." % my_weight) print("Actually, that's not too heavy") print("He's got %s eyes and %s hair." % (my_eyes, my_hair)) print("He's teeth are usually %s depending on the coffe." % my_teeth) print("If Iass %d, %d, and %d I get %d." % ( my_age, my_height, my_weight, my_age + my_height +my_weight)) print(""" # python 格式化字符 # %% 输出百分号 # %d 输出整数 # %c 字符和ASCII码 # %s 字符串 # %u 无符号整数(10) # %o 无符号整数(16) # %e 浮点数字(科学记数法) # %f 浮点数字(小数点) # %n 存储输出地字符数量放入参数列表中的下一个变量中 # m.n. 是显示的最小总宽度,n 是小数点后的位数(如果可用的话) # %r 一般用在debug时候 """) print ('%s, %s'%('one', 'two')) # one, two print ('%r, %r'%('one', 'two')) # 'one', 'two' ### ex6 print("ex6 ." * 5 ) # round 函数 round(3.32342,2) #3.32 . round(3.66666, 3) x = "There are %d types of people." % 10 binary = "binary" do_not = "don't" y = "Those who know %s and those who %s." % ( binary, do_not) print(x) print(y) print("I said: %r." % x) print("I said: %s." % y) hilarious = False joke_evaluation = "Isn't that joke so funny?! %r" print(joke_evaluation % hilarious) w = "This is the left side of ..." e = "a string with a right side." print(w + e) ### ex7 print("ex7 ." * 5 ) print("Mary had a little lamb") print("Its fleece was white as %s." % 'snow') print("." * 10) end1 = "C" end2 = "h" end3 = "e" end4 = "e" end5 = "s" end6 = "e" print("加逗号来将很长的代码输出来,直接回车也可以") print(end1 + end2 + end3 + end4 + end5 + end6) ### ex8 print("ex8 ." * 5 ) formatter = "%r %r %r %r " print( formatter % (1,2,3,4) ) print( formatter % ("one", "two", "three", "four") ) print( formatter % (formatter, formatter, formatter, formatter) ) print( formatter % ( "I had this thing", "That you could type up right.", "But it didn't sing.", "So I said goodnight 中文测试.") ) ### ex9 print("ex9 ." * 5 ) days = " Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun " months = "Jan\nFeb\nMar\nApr\nMay\nJun\nJul\nAug" print("Here are the days:", days) print("Here are the months:", months) print(""" There's something going on here. With the three double-quotes. We'll be able to type as much as we like. Even 4 lines if we want, or5, or 6. """) print("可以使用\"\"\" \来打印很多行") ### ex 10 print("ex10 ." * 5 ) print("打印输出多行有两种方法:") print(""" 1. 使用\\n的方法 2.使用\"""\ """) tabby_cat = "\tI'm tabbed in ." persian_cat = "I'm split\non a line." backslash_cat = "I'm \\ a \\ cat." fat_cat = """ I'll do a list: \t* Cat food \t* Fishes \t* Catnip\n\t* Grass """ print(tabby_cat) print(persian_cat) print(backslash_cat) print(fat_cat) print(""" \t 是水平制表符 \v 是纵向制表符 \\ 是打印出反斜杠的 \' 是打印单引号的 \" 是打印双引号的 \a 响铃符 \b 是退格符 \f 是换页符 \r 是回车的符号 """) ''' ''' while True: for i in ["\"", "-", "|", "\\", "|"]: print("%r\r" % i,) break ''' ''' ### ex11 print("ex11 ." * 5 ) print("如何把需要的数据读入:") print("How old are you? ") age = input() print("How tall are you? "), height = input() print("How much do you weight?"), weight = input() print("So, you are %r old, %r tall, %r heavy." % (age, height, weight)) ### ex12 print("ex12 ." * 5 ) age = input("How old are you?") height = input("How tall are you?") weight = input("How weight are you?") print("So, you are %r old, %r tall and %r heavy" % (age, height, weight)) print("try to execute the order: python -m pydoc input: " ) print("try to understand os sys file open modules' meanings") print("""just go to the webside http://blog.csdn.net/sinat_36458870/article/details/76020881 """) ###ex13 print("ex13 ." * 5) print(""" now we will try to write a script that can accept a script """) from sys import argv script, first, second, third = argv print(""" script, first, second, third = argv this line's function is unpack the first, second, third, to argv """) print("please input your age:") age = input() print("your are %r age" % age) print("The script is called: ", script) print("!!!!!!!!the up line is important, try to understand it ") print("first :", first) print("the second script:", second) print("third script:", third) ###ex14 print("ex14 ." * 5) from sys import argv script, user_name = argv prompt = '%%%%' print("Hi, %s, i'm the %s script." % (user_name, script)) print("I'd like to ask you a few questions") print("Do you like me %s ?" % user_name) likes = input(prompt) print("where do you live %s" % user_name) lives = input(prompt) print("what kind of computer do you have?") computer = input(prompt) print(""" alright, so you said %r about liking me. you live in %r. not sure where that is. and you have a %r computer. Nice. """ % (likes, lives, computer)) ''' ###ex15 ''' print("ex15 ." * 5) print("this exercise aims to open and close file") print("ex15 is exactly challenge,please type it one more time") from sys import argv script, filename = argv # 这行用argv 导入变量名(filename) py = open(filename) # 把 filename打开并且赋值给py, 这里py 返回的是一个 file object东西 print("Here is your file %r:" % filename) # 输入你的文件名 print(py.read()) # py.read就是告诉系统hey, read , 把py这个文件给我读出来 py.close() print("Type the filename again:") file_again = input(">") py_again = open(file_again) print(py_again.read()) py_again.close() ###ex16 print("ex16 ." * 5) print("this exercise aims to open, read, readline, write close a file.") from sys import argv script, filename = argv print("we're going to erase %r." % filename) print("if you don't want that, hit Ctrl + C.") print("if you want that, hit RETURN") input("?") print("opening file ...") target = open(filename, 'w') print("Truncating the file. Goodbye!") print("Now, I'm going to ask you for three lines") l1 = input("line1: ") l2 = input("line2: ") l3 = input("line3: ") print("I'm going to write these lines to the file.") target.write(l1) target.write("\n") target.write(l2) target.write("\n") target.write(l3) print("And finally, we close it.") target.close() from sys import argv script, filename = argv print("we are going to read %r" % filename) f = open(filename, 'r') print(f.readlines()) f.close() ###ex17 print("ex17 ." * 5) from sys import argv from os.path import exists script, from_file, to_file = argv print("copying from %s to %s " % (from_file, to_file)) # in_file = open(from_file) # indata = in_file.read() indata = open(from_file).read() print("The input file is %d bytes long" % len(indata)) print("dose the output file exists ? %r " % exists(to_file)) print("ready, hit RETURN to continue, CTRL-C to abort.") input() # out_file = open(to_file, 'w') # out_file.write(indata) out_file = open(to_file, 'w').write(indata) print("alright, all done") # out_file.close() # in_file.close() ''' # from sys import argv # script, from_file, to_file = argv # indata = open(from_file).read() # out_file = open(to_file, 'w').write(open(from_file).read()) # print("done") ''' ###ex18 print("ex18 ." * 5) # the one is like your scripts with argv def print_two(*args): arg1, arg2 = args print("arg1: %r, arg2,%r" % (arg1, arg2)) # ok that *args is actually pointless, we can just do this def print_two_again(arg1, arg2): print("arg1: %r, arg2: %r" % (arg1, arg2)) # this just takes one argument def print_one(arg1): print("arg1: %r" % arg1) # this one takes no arguments def print_none(): print("we got nothing") print_two(1, 2) print_two('1', '2') print_two_again(1, 2) print_one(1) print_none() ''' ###ex19 ''' print("ex19 ." * 5) def cheese_and_crackers(cheese_count, boxes_of_crackers): print("you have %d cheeses!" % cheese_count) print("you have %d boxes of crackers!" % boxes_of_crackers) print("man, that's enough for party!") print("get the blanket.\n") print("we can just give the function numbers directly:") cheese_and_crackers(20, 30) print("OR, we can use variables from our script:") amount_of_cheese = 10 amount_of_crackers = 50 cheese_and_crackers(amount_of_cheese, amount_of_crackers) print("we can even do math inside too:") cheese_and_crackers(10+20, 5+6) print("and we can combine the two, variables and math:") cheese_and_crackers(amount_of_cheese + 100, amount_of_crackers + 1000) def cheese_and_crackers(cheese_count, boxes_of_crackers): print("you have %d cheeses!" % cheese_count) print("you have %d boxes of crackers!" % boxes_of_crackers) print("man, that's enough for party!") print("get the blanket.\n") a = int(input("input what you need")) b = int(input("input num_of argv")) cheese_and_crackers(a, b) ''' ###ex20 ''' print("ex20 ." * 5) from sys import argv script, input_file = argv t = open(input_file, 'w') l1 = input("l1:") l2 = input("l2:") l3 = input("l3:") t.write(l1) t.write(l2) t.write(l3) print("writing done") t.close() def print_all(f): print(f.read) def rewind(f): f.seek(0) def print_a_line(line_count, f): print(line_count, f.readline()) current_file = open(input_file) print("first let's print the whole file:\n") print_all(current_file) print("let's rewind, kind of like a tape.") rewind(current_file) print("let's print three lines:") current_line = 1 print_a_line(current_line, current_file) current_line = current_line + 1 print_a_line(current_line, current_file) current_line = current_line + 1 print_a_line(current_line, current_file) ###ex21 print("ex21 ." * 5) print("函数可以返回东西") def add(a, b): print("ADDING %d + %d" % (a, b)) return a+b def subtract(a, b): print("SUBTRACTING %d - %d" % (a, b)) return a-b def multiply(a, b): print("MULTIPLYING %d * %d" % (a, b)) return a*b def divide(a, b): print("DIVIDING %d / %d" % (a, b)) return a/b print("Let's do some math with just functions") age = add(30, 5) height = subtract(78, 4) weight = multiply(90, 2) iq = divide(100, 2) print("Age: %d, height: %d, weight: %d, iq: %d" % (age, height, weight, iq)) # A puzzle for the extra credit, type it anyway print("Here is a puzzle") what = add(age, subtract(height, multiply(weight, divide(iq, 2)))) print("That becomes:", what, "Can you do it by hand") ###ex22 print("ex22 ." * 5) print("函数可以返回东西") ...
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