CentOS 6.5下安装KVM

CentOS 6.5下安装KVM

一、检查CPU是否支持虚拟化。（在主板BIOS中开启CPU的VirtualizationTechnology）
# grep -E -o 'vmx|svm' /proc/cpuinfo
vmx

二、基础环境配置
1.安装KVM软件包
# yum -y groupinstall 'Virtualization' 'Virtualization Client' 'Virtualization Platform' 'Virtualization Tools'

查看模块
# lsmod | grep kvm
kvm_intel 53484 6
kvm 316506 1 kvm_intel

2.网卡桥接配置

2.1 如果启用了NetworkManager，最好关闭该服务，因为该服务与network有冲突。
chkconfig NetworkManager off
service NetworkManager stop

2.2 关闭 selinux 并重启系统
# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELINUX=disabled

2.3 编辑网卡

# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
BRIDGE=br0

# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0
DEVICE=br0
TYPE=Bridge
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=192.168.200.15
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.200.1
DNS1=202.106.0.20

2.4 重启服务器
reboot

2.5 查看网络
# brctl show
bridge name bridge idSTP enabled
interfaces
br0 8000.ac4e914d0aa2no
eth0
virbr0 8000.5254004d5befyes
virbr0-nic

2.6 检查ip转发是否开启
# cat /etc/sysctl.conf |grep ip_forward
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

3.创建虚拟机
3.1 创建磁盘镜像文件，文件格式qcow2格式是kvm支持的标准格式，raw格式为虚拟磁盘文件通用格式。
创建文件名win2008r2.qcow2的磁盘镜像文件名，文件格式为qcow2,磁盘大小为100G
# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /kvm/pjgl/win2008r2.qcow2 100G

查看磁盘镜像文件信息
# qemu-img info /kvm/pjgl/win2008r2.qcow2

3.2 创建虚拟机配置文件

<!--
WARNING: THIS IS AN AUTO-GENERATED FILE. CHANGES TO IT ARE LIKELY TO BE
OVERWRITTEN AND LOST. Changes to this xml configuration should be made using:
virsh edit win2008r2
or other application using the libvirt API.
-->

<domain type='kvm'>
<name>win2008r2</name>
<uuid>7b6f172b-7a03-c629-f6cb-4127bdbdfb51</uuid>
<memory unit='KiB'>2097152</memory>
<currentMemory unit='KiB'>2097152</currentMemory>
<vcpu placement='static'>2</vcpu>
<os>
<type arch='x86_64' machine='rhel6.6.0'>hvm</type>
<boot dev='cdrom'/>
<boot dev='hd'/>

</os>
<features>
<acpi/>
<apic/>
<pae/>
</features>
<clock offset='localtime'>
<timer name='rtc' tickpolicy='catchup'/>
</clock>
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>restart</on_crash>
<devices>
<emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='qcow2' cache='writeback'/>
<source file='/kvm/win2008r2/win2008r2.qcow2'/>
<target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>
<address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='0'/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
<source file='/iso/Windows_2008R2_64-bit.ISO'/>
<target dev='hdc' bus='ide'/>
<readonly/>
<address type='drive' controller='0' bus='1' target='0' unit='0'/>
</disk>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-ehci1'>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x7'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci1'>
<master startport='0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci2'>
<master startport='2'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x1'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci3'>
<master startport='4'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x2'/>
</controller>
<controller type='ide' index='0'>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/>
</controller>
<interface type='bridge'>
<mac address='52:54:00:b3:c6:d3'/>
<source bridge='br0'/>
<model type='e1000'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
</interface>
<serial type='pty'>
<target port='0'/>
</serial>
<console type='pty'>
<target type='serial' port='0'/>
</console>
<input type='tablet' bus='usb'/>
<input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
<graphics type='vnc' port='5903' autoport='no' listen='0.0.0.0'>
<listen type='address' address='0.0.0.0'/>
</graphics>
<video>
<model type='vga' vram='9216' heads='1'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
</video>
<memballoon model='virtio'>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/>
</memballoon>
</devices>
</domain>

将上面的内容复制到win2008r2.xml文件后，根据情况修改系统名称、UUID、MAC地址、光盘镜像的路径、磁盘镜像的路径等。

3.3 启动虚拟机
# virsh
# define /kvm/pjgl/win2008r2.xml
# list --all
# start win2008r2

3.4 配置防火墙策略
防火墙缺省是不允许连接这些端口的，使用下列步骤配置防火墙，允许VNC客户端连接VNC server。
# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
1) 找到下面的语句：
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
在此行之前，加上下面的内容：
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 5900:5920 -j ACCEPT #允许其它机器访问本机的5900到5903端口
2) 然后使用root身份重新启动防火墙：
# service iptables restart
3) 设置开机自动启动
# chkconfig iptables on

3.5 使用TightVNC Viewer客户端，进入系统UI界面安装操作系统，并进行配置即可。