C#实现服务器和客户端之间通信

TCP  套接字编程

服务器端实现步骤：

1、使用Socket类创建套接字。

2、利用Bind方法将创建的套接字绑定到指定的地址结构。

3、利用Listen方法设置套接字为监听模式，使得服务器进入被动打开状态。

4、接受客户端的连接请求。

5、接收、应答客户端的数据请求。

6、终止连接。

客户端实现步骤：

1、使用Socket类创建套接字。

2、调用Connect方法建立一个与TCP服务器的连接。

3、发送数据请求，接受服务器的数据应答。

4、终止连接。

一对一：
客户端代码：

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;
using System.Text;
namespace Client
{
class Problem
{
private static byte[] result = new byte[1024 * 1024];
static Socket ClientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Stream,ProtocolType.Tcp);
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int Port = 8222;
IPAddress IP = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
try
{
Console.WriteLine("连接服务器成功！！！");
ClientSocket.Connect(new IPEndPoint(IP,Port));
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("连接服务器失败，按回车键退出！");
return;
}
for(int i=0;i<10;i++)
{
try
{
Thread.Sleep(2000);
int ReceiveLength = ClientSocket.Receive(result);
Console.WriteLine("接收服务器消息：{0}",Encoding.ASCII.GetString(result,0,ReceiveLength));
Console.WriteLine("向服务器发送消息：");
string sb = Console.ReadLine();
string SendMessage = "向服务器发送消息：" + DateTime.Now + "\n" + sb;
ClientSocket.Send(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(SendMessage));
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
ClientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
ClientSocket.Close();
}
}
Console.WriteLine("消息发送完毕！！！");
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
}

服务器代码：

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;
using System.Text;
namespace Server
{
class Program
{
public static void ListenClientConnect()
{
while(true)
{
Socket ClientSocket = ServerSocket.Accept();//send
Console.WriteLine("向客户端发送消息：");
string sb = Console.ReadLine();
ClientSocket.Send(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("Server Say Hello:"+sb));
Thread thread = new Thread(ReceiveMessage);
thread.Start(ClientSocket);
}
}
public static void ReceiveMessage(Object ClientSocket)
{
Socket MyClientSocket = (Socket)ClientSocket;
while(true)
{
try
{
int ReceiveNum = MyClientSocket.Receive(result);
Console.WriteLine("接受客户端{0}消息{1}：" ,MyClientSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString(),
Encoding.ASCII.GetString(result,0,ReceiveNum));
Console.WriteLine("向客户端发送消息：");
string sb = Console.ReadLine();
MyClientSocket.Send(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sb));
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("404 Not found！！！");
MyClientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
MyClientSocket.Close();
}
}
}
private static byte[] result = new byte[1024 * 1024];
static Socket ServerSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Stream,ProtocolType.Tcp);
static void Main(String[] args)
{
try
{
int Port = 8222;
IPAddress IP = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
ServerSocket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IP, Port));
ServerSocket.Listen(10);
Console.WriteLine("启动监听{0}成功",ServerSocket.LocalEndPoint.ToString());
Thread thread = new Thread(ListenClientConnect);
thread.Start();
Thread.Sleep(2000);
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
}
}
}

一对多：

服务端代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;
using System.Text;
using System.Linq;
namespace Server
{
class Program
{
public static void ListenConnection()
{
Socket ConnectionSocket = null;
while(true)
{
try
{
ConnectionSocket = ServerSocket.Accept();
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("监听套接字异常{0}",ex.Message);
break;
}
//获取客户端端口号和IP
IPAddress ClientIP=(ConnectionSocket.RemoteEndPoint as IPEndPoint).Address;
int ClientPort = (ConnectionSocket.RemoteEndPoint as IPEndPoint).Port;
string SendMessage = "连接服务器成功\r\n" + "本地IP:" + ClientIP +
",本地端口:" + ClientPort.ToString();
//Console.WriteLine(SendMessage);
ConnectionSocket.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(SendMessage));
string remotePoint = ConnectionSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString();
Console.WriteLine("成功与客户端{0}建立连接!\t\n", remotePoint);
ClientInformation.Add(remotePoint, ConnectionSocket);
Thread thread = new Thread(ReceiveMessage);
thread.IsBackground = true;
thread.Start(ConnectionSocket);
}
}
public static void ReceiveMessage(Object SocketClient)
{
Socket ReceiveSocket = (Socket)SocketClient;
while(true)
{
byte[] result = new byte[1024 * 1024];
try
{
IPAddress ClientIP = (ReceiveSocket.RemoteEndPoint as IPEndPoint).Address;
int ClientPort = (ReceiveSocket.RemoteEndPoint as IPEndPoint).Port;
int ReceiveLength = ReceiveSocket.Receive(result);
string ReceiveMessage = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(result, 0, ReceiveLength);
Console.WriteLine("接收客户端:" + ReceiveSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString()+
"时间："+DateTime.Now.ToString()+"\r\n"+"消息："+ReceiveMessage+"\r\n\n");
foreach(string key in new List<string>(ClientInformation.Keys))
{
string s = ReceiveSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString();
if(key!=s)
{
Socket socket = ClientInformation[key];
Console.WriteLine("向客户端{0}发送消息：", key);
socket.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(ReceiveMessage));
}
}
//Console.WriteLine("向客户端{0}发送消息：", ReceiveSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString());
//string sb = Console.ReadLine();
//ReceiveSocket.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sb));
}
ca
4000
tch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("监听出现异常!!!");
Console.WriteLine("客户端" + ReceiveSocket.RemoteEndPoint + "已经连接中断" + "\r\n" +
ex.Message + "\r\n" + ex.StackTrace + "\r\n");
foreach(string key in new List<string>(ClientInformation.Keys))
{
string s = ReceiveSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString();
if (key.Equals(s))
{
ClientInformation.Remove(key);
}
}
ReceiveSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
ReceiveSocket.Close();
break;
}
}
}
//private static byte[] result = new byte[1024];
//List<Socket> list = new List<Socket>();
static Dictionary<string, Socket> ClientInformation = new Dictionary<string, Socket> { };
static Socket ServerSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
static void Main(String[] args)
{
try
{
int Port = 8333;
IPAddress IP = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
ServerSocket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IP, Port));
ServerSocket.Listen(10);
Console.WriteLine("启动监听成功！");
Console.WriteLine("监听本地{0}成功", ServerSocket.LocalEndPoint.ToString());
Thread ThreadListen = new Thread(ListenConnection);
ThreadListen.IsBackground = true;
ThreadListen.Start();
Thread.Sleep(2000);
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("监听异常!!!");
ServerSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
ServerSocket.Close();
}
Console.ReadKey();
Console.WriteLine("监听完毕，按任意键退出！");
}
}
}

客户端代码：

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;
using System.Text;
namespace Client
{
class Problem
{
private static byte[] result = new byte[1024 * 1024];
static Socket ClientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Stream,ProtocolType.Tcp);
public static void ReceiveMessage()
{
while(true)
{
try
{
int ReceiveLength = ClientSocket.Receive(result);
Console.WriteLine("接收服务器消息：{0}", Encoding.UTF8.GetString(result, 0, ReceiveLength));
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("出现异常了！！！");
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
ClientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
ClientSocket.Close();
break;
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int Port = 8333;
IPAddress IP = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
try
{
ClientSocket.Connect(new IPEndPoint(IP,Port));
Thread thread = new Thread(ReceiveMessage);
thread.Start();
Thread.Sleep(2000);
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("连接服务器失败，按回车键退出！");
return;
}
Console.WriteLine("连接服务器成功！！！");
//int ReceiveLength = ClientSocket.Receive(result);
//Console.WriteLine("接收服务器消息：{0}", Encoding.UTF8.GetString(result, 0, ReceiveLength));
while (true)
{
try
{
Thread.Sleep(2000);
Console.WriteLine("向服务器发送消息：");
string sb = Console.ReadLine();
string Client = ClientSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString();
string SendMessage = "接收客户端" + Client + "消息：" + DateTime.Now + "\n" + sb;
ClientSocket.Send(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sb));
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
ClientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
ClientSocket.Close();
break;
}
}
Console.WriteLine("消息发送完毕！！！");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}

下面是一对多的使用窗体界面显示的代码以及显示效果：

客户端代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading;
using System.IO;
namespace ClientForm
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
private byte[] result = new byte[1024 * 1024];
private Socket ClientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
TextBox.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
;
}
private void textBox1_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)//输入消息
{
//;
string str = Console.ReadLine();
textBox1.Text += str;
}
private void textBox2_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)//ip
{
;
}
private void textBox3_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)//port
{
;
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//发送消息
{
try
{
//Thread.Sleep(2000);
richTextBox1.Text += "向服务器发送消息:\r\n";
richTextBox1.Text += textBox1.Text + "\r\n";
string sb = textBox1.Text;
string Client = ClientSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString();
string SendMessage = "接收客户端" + Client + "消息：" + DateTime.Now + "\r\n" + sb + "\r\n";
ClientSocket.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sb));
textBox1.Clear();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
richTextBox1.Text += "服务器可能已经关闭！\r\n";
ClientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
ClientSocket.Close();
}
}
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//连接服务器
{
int Port = Convert.ToInt32(textBox3.Text);
IPAddress IP = IPAddress.Parse((string)textBox2.Text);
try
{
ClientSocket.Connect(new IPEndPoint(IP, Port));
richTextBox2.Text += "连接服务器成功！\r\n";
Thread thread = new Thread(ReceiveMessage);
thread.IsBackground = true;
thread.Start();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
richTextBox2.Text += "连接服务器失败！\r\n";
return;
}
}
private void label1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
;
}
private void label2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
;
}
private void richTextBox1_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)//显示发送的消息
{
;
}
private void richTextBox2_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)//显示接收的消息
{
;
}
private void ReceiveMessage()
{
while (true)
{
try
{
int ReceiveLength = ClientSocket.Receive(result);
richTextBox2.Text += "接收服务器消息：\r\n";
string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(result, 0, ReceiveLength)+"\r\n";
richTextBox2.Text += str;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
richTextBox2.Text += "接收消息失败！\r\n";
ClientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
ClientSocket.Close();
break;
}
}
}
}
}

服务端代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
namespace ServerForm
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
private byte[] result = new byte[1024 * 1024];
private Socket ServerSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
private Dictionary<string, Socket> ClientInformation = new Dictionary<string, Socket> { };
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
TextBox.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;
//在多线程程序中，新创建的线程不能访问UI线程创建的窗口控件
//如果需要访问窗口控件则可以如此设置
}
private void label1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//ip
{

}
private void label2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//Port
{

}
private void label3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//在线列表
{

}
private void richTextBox1_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)//显示客户端之间/客户端消息
{

}
private void richTextBox2_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)//显示连接成功或者掉线的客户端
{

}
private void richTextBox3_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)//显示在线列表
{

}
private void textBox1_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)//IP
{

}

private void textBox2_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)//Port
{

}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)//启动服务
{
try
{
int Port = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);
IPAddress IP = IPAddress.Parse((string)textBox1.Text);
ServerSocket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IP, Port));
ServerSocket.Listen(10);
richTextBox2.Text += "启动监听成功！\r\n";
richTextBox2.Text += "监听本地" + ServerSocket.LocalEndPoint.ToString() + "成功\r\n";
Thread ThreadListen = new Thread(ListenConnection);
ThreadListen.IsBackground = true;
ThreadListen.Start();
Thread.Sleep(2000);
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
richTextBox2.Text += "监听异常！！！\r\n";
ServerSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
ServerSocket.Close();
}
}
private void ListenConnection()
{
Socket ConnectionSocket = null;
while (true)
{
try
{
ConnectionSocket = ServerSocket.Accept();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
richTextBox2.Text += "监听套接字异常" + ex.Message;
//Console.WriteLine("监听套接字异常{0}", ex.Message);
break;
}
//获取客户端端口号和IP
IPAddress ClientIP = (ConnectionSocket.RemoteEndPoint as IPEndPoint).Address;
int ClientPort = (ConnectionSocket.RemoteEndPoint as IPEndPoint).Port;
string SendMessage = "本地IP:" + ClientIP +
",本地端口:" + ClientPort.ToString();
ConnectionSocket.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(SendMessage));
string remotePoint = ConnectionSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString();
richTextBox2.Text += "成功与客户端" + remotePoint + "建立连接\r\n";
richTextBox3.Text += DateTime.Now+":"+remotePoint + "\r\n";
ClientInformation.Add(remotePoint, ConnectionSocket);
Thread thread = new Thread(ReceiveMessage);
thread.IsBackground = true;
thread.Start(ConnectionSocket);
}
}
private void ReceiveMessage(Object SocketClient)
{
Socket ReceiveSocket = (Socket)SocketClient;
while (true)
{
byte[] result = new byte[1024 * 1024];
try
{
IPAddress ClientIP = (ReceiveSocket.RemoteEndPoint as IPEndPoint).Address;
int ClientPort = (ReceiveSocket.RemoteEndPoint as IPEndPoint).Port;
int ReceiveLength = ReceiveSocket.Receive(result);
string str = ReceiveSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString();
string ReceiveMessage = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(result, 0, ReceiveLength);
richTextBox1.Text+= "接收客户端:" + ReceiveSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() +
"时间：" + DateTime.Now.ToString() + "\r\n" + "消息：" + ReceiveMessage + "\r\n";
if (ClientInformation.Count == 1) continue;//只有一个客户端
List<string> test = new List<string>(ClientInformation.Keys);
for (int i = 0; i < ClientInformation.Count; i++)
{
Socket socket = ClientInformation[test[i]];
string s = ReceiveSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString();
if (test[i] != s)
{
richTextBox1.Text += DateTime.Now + "\r\n" + "客户端" + str + "向客户端" + test[i] + "发送消息：" + ReceiveMessage;
string ReceiveMessage1 = DateTime.Now + "\r\n" + "客户端" + str + "向您发送消息：" + ReceiveMessage;
socket.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(ReceiveMessage1));
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
richTextBox2.Text += "监听出现异常！\r\n";
richTextBox2.Text += "客户端" + ReceiveSocket.RemoteEndPoint + "已经连接中断" + "\r\n" +
ex.Message + "\r\n" + ex.StackTrace + "\r\n";
string s = ReceiveSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString();
ClientInformation.Remove(s);
ReceiveSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
ReceiveSocket.Close();
break;
}
}
}
}
}

界面效果：

注：我这里在线列表显示的是所有连接过服务器的客户端，对于可能出现的乱码问题，将相应的ASCII改为UTF-8即可

新手我建议可以先看这两位博主的文章：
https://www.cnblogs.com/vaevvaev/p/6865968.html https://www.cnblogs.com/yy3b2007com/p/7476458.html
客户端：



服务器：