ubuntu14.04 + opencv 3.3 安装教程

ubuntu14.04 + opencv 3.3 安装教程

0.安装配置

本教程实用ubuntu14.04 + 64位 + opencv3.3.0

1.下载opencv3.3

1.1 下载链接

下载方法1：
http://www.opencv.org/

下载方法2 :

git clone https://github.com/Itseez/opencv/archive/3.3.0.zip

1.2 解压

找到下载的安装包opencv-3.3.0.tar.gz(或者opencv-3.3.0.zip)

解压到指定目录，本人解压目录为：/home/liuyusen/opencv-3.3.0/

2.opencv库安装

2.1 依赖项列表

(1)需要安装的依赖项列表如下：

GCC 4.4.x or later

CMake 2.8.7 or higher

Git

GTK+2.x or higher, including headers (libgtk2.0-dev)

pkg-config

Python 2.6 or later and Numpy 1.5 or later with developer packages (python-dev, python-numpy)

ffmpeg or libav development packages: libavcodec-dev, libavformat-dev, libswscale-dev

[optional] libtbb2 libtbb-dev

[optional] libdc1394 2.x

[optional] libjpeg-dev, libpng-dev, libtiff-dev, libjasper-dev, libdc1394-22-dev

[optional] CUDA Toolkit 6.5 or higher

2.2 安装依赖库

(1)搭建编译环境：

sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install build-essential

(2)安装关联库【必须】：

sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev

(3)安装关联库【可选】：

sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

2.3 编译源文件

(1)终端中切换到源文件路径：

cd /home/liuyusen/opencv-3.3.0/

(2)创建文件夹：

mkdir build

cd build

(3)文件编译：

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..

(4)编译生成：

make

(5)安装opencv库到系统：

sudo make install

3.环境配置

(1)配置opencv 库路径：

sudo /bin/bash -c 'echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf'

sudo ldconfig

sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc

最后一行添加：

PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig

export PKG_CONFIG_PATH

(2)查看opencv 配置情况：

方法1:

gedit /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/opencv.pc

方法2:

pkg-config opencv --cflags --libs

(3)配置文件具体如下：

Package Information for pkg-config

prefix=/usr/local

exec_prefix=${prefix}

libdir=${exec_prefix}/lib

includedir_old=${prefix}/include/opencv

includedir_new=${prefix}/include

Name: OpenCV

Description: Open Source Computer Vision Library

Version: 3.3.0

Libs: -L${exec_prefix}/lib -lopencv_dnn -lopencv_ml -lopencv_objdetect -lopencv_shape -lopencv_stitching -lopencv_superres -lopencv_videostab -lopencv_calib3d -lopencv_features2d -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_videoio -lopencv_imgcodecs -lopencv_video -lopencv_photo
-lopencv_imgproc -lopencv_flann -lopencv_viz -lopencv_core Libs.private: -lgtk-x11-2.0 -lgdk-x11-2.0 -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangoft2-1.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo -lpango-1.0 -lfontconfig -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lfreetype -lgthread-2.0 -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
-lpng -lz -ltiff -ljasper -ljpeg -lImath -lIlmImf -lIex -lHalf -lIlmThread -ldc1394 -lavcodec -lavformat -lavutil -lswscale -L/usr/lib -lvtkCommon -lvtkFiltering -lvtkImaging -lvtkGraphics -lvtkGenericFiltering -lvtkIO -lvtkRendering -lvtkVolumeRendering -lvtkHybrid
-lvtkWidgets -lvtkParallel -lvtkInfovis -lvtkGeovis -lvtkViews -lvtkCharts -ldl -lm -lpthread -lrt

Cflags: -I${includedir_old} -I${includedir_new}

#按照配置文件路径查看opencv相关头文件/库文件是否存在，以确保安装正确。

4.案例输出

(1)编写test.cpp 如下：

#include<opencv2/core.hpp>

#include<opencv2/highgui.hpp>

#include<opencv2/imgproc.hpp>

#include <iostream>

using namespace cv;

using namespace std;

int main()

{

Mat image;

cout<<"imgout"<<endl;
image = imread("./lena.jpg", 1);

namedWindow("Display Image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow("Display Image", image);
waitKey(0);
return 0;

}

(2)配置文件CMakeList.txt(test.cpp同一目录下)编写如下：

方法1:

FIND_PACKAGE(OpenCV REQUIRED)

INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS})

add_executable(test test.cpp)

target_link_libraries(test ${OpenCV_LIBS})

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)

方法2:

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)

LINK_LIBRARIES("/usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so" "/usr/local/lib/libopencv_core.so" "/usr/local/lib/libopencv_highgui.so" "libopencv_imgproc.so")

add_executable(test test.cpp)

(3)编译链接

方法1:

cd proubuntu/opencvtest

cmake .

make

./test

方法2:

g++ test.cpp -o test 

pkg-config --libs --cflags opencv

./test

参考： g++ -L /usr/local/lib -o "Example.cpp" ./example.o -lopencv_nonfree -lopencv_objdetect -lopencv_features2d -lopencv_imgproc -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_core

(4)显示结果如下：

2017-09-15 12_31_17____________opencvtest.png

5.cv_bridge依赖opencv版本的问题

5.1 问题描述

ROS（indigo版本）中cv_bridge库依赖opencv库，卸载opencv重新安装Version3.3之后，依赖cv_bridge软件包编译失败。

5.2解决方法

(1)卸载旧版本cv_bridge:

sudo apt-get remove ros-indigo-cv-bridge

(2)下载新版本cv_bridge:

git clone https://github.com/ros-perception/vision_opencv.git

(3)工作空间中重新编译cv_bridge包：

cmake . make catkin_make --pkg cv_bridge

6.编译samples

(1)切换路径：

cd /opencv-3.3.0/samples/ cmake . make

(2)运行DEMO：

cd cpp ./cpp-tutorial-Sobel_Demo

(3)运行结果：

2017-09-15 14_12_34____________demoopencv.png

2017-09-15 14_19_56____________sample.png

./cpp-example-opencv_version Welcome to OpenCV 3.3.0

7.参考资源

【1】http://docs.opencv.org/master/d7/d9f/tutorial_linux_install.html

【2】http://www.learnopencv.com/how-to-compile-opencv-sample-code/