React全家桶构建一款Web音乐App实战

上一节使用create-react-app脚手架搭建了基本项目骨架，这一节继续制作项目需要的字体图标和页面主路由的搭建

字体图标制作

为什么要使用字体图标？

图标放大或缩小不会被拉伸，会保持足够的清晰度
颜色可以随意设置。如果使用普通图片，图片颜色已经是设计好的，如果要换颜色需要借助工具来对图片进行修改
制作字体图片首先我们需要svg图片。svg图片可以从iconfont阿里矢量图标库自行选择。笔者已经下载了项目需要的svg图片



借助一个叫iconmoon的网站。浏览器地址上输入：icomoon.io/app



点击上方的Import Icons按钮弹出选择对话框，选择刚刚下载的svg图片

点击打开

然后选中所有的图标，点击Generate Font

跳转到如下界面，点击download

下载后面的压缩包如下

该压缩包包含了字体图片使用的demo，和生成的字体图标文件及相关样式。在项目src目录下面新建一个assets目录然后再新建一个stylus目录用来放置styl文件，解压压缩包把里面的style.css和fonts文件夹复制出来放置到stylus目录下。

对fonts目录下的文件和style.css稍做修改

将fonts下面的文件名都重命名为icomusic，将style.css重命名为font.styl。然后打开icomusic将里面的花括号和分号去掉变成标准的styl语法格式，把里面的iconmoon全部替换为icomusic

font.styl

@font-face
font-family: 'icomusic'
src:  url('fonts/icomusic.eot?nnepb1')
src:  url('fonts/icomusic.eot?nnepb1#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
url('fonts/icomusic.ttf?nnepb1') format('truetype'),
url('fonts/icomusic.woff?nnepb1') format('woff'),
url('fonts/icomusic.svg?nnepb1#icomusic') format('svg')
font-weight: normal
font-style: normal

[class^="icon-"], [class*=" icon-"]
/* use !important to prevent issues with browser extensions that change fonts */
font-family: 'icomusic' !important
speak: none
font-style: normal
font-weight: normal
font-variant: normal
text-transform: none
line-height: 1

/* Better Font Rendering =========== */
-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased
-moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale

.icon-back:before
content: "\e900"

.icon-delete:before
content: "\e901"

.icon-fe-music:before
content: "\e902"

.icon-list-play:before
content: "\e903"

.icon-music:before
content: "\e904"

.icon-next:before
content: "\e905"

.icon-pause:before
content: "\e906"

.icon-play:before
content: "\e907"

.icon-play-list:before
content: "\e908"

.icon-previous:before
content: "\e909"

.icon-search:before
content: "\e90a"

.icon-shuffle-play:before
content: "\e90b"

.icon-single-play:before
content: "\e90c"

.icon-user:before
content: "\e90d"

修改后的文件结构如下

页面路由搭建

准备

先对项目结构做一些修改

删除App.test.js、logo.svg。在src目录下面新建一个components目录，将App.js和App.styl放置在components目录下面，将App.styl中的内容全部删除，然后删除App.js中render函数中的div标签下面的内容

App.js

//import React, { Component } from 'react';
import React from 'react';
//import logo from './logo.svg'; 删除此行
import './App.styl';

class App extends React.Component {
render() {
return (
//<div className="App">
<div className="app">
//<header className="App-header">
//  <img src={logo} className="App-logo" alt="logo" />
//  <h1 className="App-title">Welcome to React</h1>
//</header>
//<p className="App-intro">
//  To get started, edit <code>src/App.js</code> and save to reload.
//</p>
</div>
);
}
}

export default App;

Index.js

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import './index.css';
//import App from './App';
import App from './components/App';
import registerServiceWorker from './registerServiceWorker';

ReactDOM.render(<App />, document.getElementById('root'));
registerServiceWorker();

修改index.css文件，将html、body、div#root宽高都设置为100%，在body上设置根字体和字体大小

index.css

html, body, #root {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size: 16px;
}
::-webkit-scrollbar {
width: 0;
height: 0;
}

最后在stylus目录下新增reset.styl文件

reset.styl

/* http://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/css/reset/ v2.0 | 20110126
License: none (public domain)
*/

html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe,
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre,
a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code,
del, dfn, em, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp,
small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var,
b, u, i, center,
dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li,
fieldset, form, label, legend,
table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td,
article, aside, canvas, details, embed,
figure, figcaption, footer, header, hgroup,
menu, nav, output, ruby, section, summary,
time, mark, audio, video
margin: 0
padding: 0
border: 0
vertical-align: baseline

/* HTML5 display-role reset for older browsers */
article, aside, details, figcaption, figure,
footer, header, hgroup, menu, nav, section
display: block

body
line-height: 1

ol, ul
list-style: none

blockquote, q
quotes: none

blockquote:before, blockquote:after,
q:before, q:after
content: ''
content: none

table
border-collapse: collapse
border-spacing: 0

修改后的目录结构如下

搭建路由

我们先来看一下页面结构

推荐页

排行榜

搜索

这三个页面是一个Tab选项卡模式顶部是Logo，三个Tab按钮中间是Tab对应的视图，Logo和Tab按钮是不变的，所以这里中间就设计成一个路由的视图界面，三个Tab对应三个路由

编写Logo及Tab样式在assets目录下面新建一个imgs文件夹用来存放图片，这里放了三张图片，其中一张就是头部Logo图片，其它两张后面会用到

App.js

import React from 'react';
import logo from "../assets/imgs/logo.png"
import '../assets/stylus/reset.styl'
import './App.styl';

class App extends React.Component {
render() {
return (
<div className="app">
<header className="app-header">
<img src={logo} className="app-logo" alt="logo" />
<h1 className="app-title">Mango Music</h1>
</header>
<div className="music-tab">
<div className="tab-item selected">
<span>推荐</span>
</div>
<div className="tab-item">
<span>排行榜</span>
</div>
<div className="tab-item">
<span>搜索</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
);
}
}

export default App;

App.styl

.app
width: 100%
height: 100%
color: #DDDDDD
background-color: #212121
.app-header
height: 55px
line-height: 55px
color: #FFD700
text-align: center
.app-logo
width: 30px
height: 25px
margin-top: -5px
vertical-align: middle
.app-title
display: inline-block
height: 55px
margin-left: 10px
font-size: 18px
font-weight: 300
.music-tab
display: flex
height: 30px
line-height: 30px
color: #DDDDDD
text-align: center
.tab-item
flex: 1

三个Tab采用flex布局，自适应屏幕宽度

编写推荐页、排行旁页、搜索页三个组件。在components目录下面新建recommend、ranking和search三个目录用来存放推荐、排行、搜索页面相关组件

在recommend目录下创建Recommend.js和recommend.styl。React约定组件的名字首字母大写。对应的js文件名和组件一样大写（不强制），组件对应一个样式文件，命名和组件名一样方便寻找

Recommend.js

import React from "react"
import "./recommend.styl"

class Recommend extends React.Component {
render() {
return (
<div className="music-recommend">
Recommend
</div>
);
}
}

export default Recommend

recommend.styl内容暂时为空

同样在ranking目录和search目录下新建Ranking.js、ranking.styl和Search.js、search.styl

Ranking.js

import React from "react"
import "./ranking.styl"

class Ranking extends React.Component {
render() {
return (
<div className="music-ranking">
Ranking
</div>
);
}
}

export default Ranking

Search.js

import React from "react"
import "./search.styl"

class Search extends React.Component {
render() {
return (
<div className="music-search">
Search
</div>
);
}
}

export default Search

编写路由

回到App.js中，import路由相关组件

import {BrowserRouter as Router, Route, Switch, Redirect, NavLink} from "react-router-dom"

在App组件中导入Recommend、Ranking和Search组件，App的根使用Router包裹，加入一个div包裹Route组件

import Recommend from "./recommend/Recommend"
import Ranking from "./ranking/Ranking"
import Search from "./search/Search"

<div className="music-view">
{/*
Switch组件用来选择最近的一个路由，否则最后一个没有指定path的路由也会显示
Redirect重定向到列表页
*/}
<Switch>
<Route path="/recommend" component={Recommend} />
<Route path="/ranking" component={Ranking} />
<Route path="/search" component={Search} />
<Redirect from="/" to="/recommend" />
<Route component={Recommend} />
</Switch>
</div>

在app.styl中增加一下样式样式填屏幕充剩余高度

.music-view
position: fixed
top: 88px
left: 0
bottom: 52px
width: 100%

使用NavLink组件包裹Tab，使其具有路由跳转功能

<div className="tab-item">
<NavLink to="/recommend" className="nav-link">
<span>推荐</span>
</NavLink>
</div>
<div className="tab-item">
<NavLink to="/ranking" className="nav-link">
<span>排行榜</span>
</NavLink>
</div>
<div className="tab-item">
<NavLink to="/search" className="nav-link">
<span>搜索</span>
</NavLink>
</div>

设置NavLink组件样式

.nav-link, .link
display: block
color: inherit
text-decoration: none
&.active
color: #FFD700
border-bottom: 2px solid #FFD700

NavList组件最后渲染的是一个a标签，使用以上样式对齐进行美化，在当前NavLink组件被激活的时候回自动添加上**.active**样式

App.js和app.styl完整代码如下

App.js

import React from 'react';
import {BrowserRouter as Router, Route, Switch, Redirect, NavLink} from "react-router-dom"import Recommend from "./recommend/Recommend"
import Ranking from "./ranking/Ranking"
import Search from "./search/Search"
import logo from "../assets/imgs/logo.png"
import '../assets/stylus/reset.styl'
import './App.styl';

class App extends React.Component {
render() {
return (
<Router>
<div className="app">
<header className="app-header">
<img src={logo} className="app-logo" alt="logo" />
<h1 className="app-title">Mango Music</h1>
</header>
<div className="music-tab">
<div className="tab-item">
<NavLink to="/recommend" className="nav-link">
<span>推荐</span>
</NavLink>
</div>
<div className="tab-item">
<NavLink to="/ranking" className="nav-link">
<span>排行榜</span>
</NavLink>
</div>
<div className="tab-item">
<NavLink to="/search" className="nav-link">
<span>搜索</span>
</NavLink>
</div></div>
<div className="music-view">
{/*
Switch组件用来选择最近的一个路由，否则最后一个没有指定path的路由也会显示
Redirect重定向到列表页
*/}
<Switch>
<Route path="/recommend" component={Recommend} />
<Route path="/ranking" component={Ranking} />
<Route path="/search" component={Search} />
<Redirect from="/" to="/recommend" />
<Route component={Recommend} />
</Switch>
</div></div>
</Router>
);
}
}

export default App;

app.styl

.app
width: 100%
height: 100%
color: #DDDDDD
background-color: #212121
.app-header
height: 55px
line-height: 55px
color: #FFD700
text-align: center
.app-logo
width: 30px
height: 25px
margin-top: -5px
vertical-align: middle
.app-title
display: inline-block
height: 55px
margin-left: 10px
font-size: 18px
font-weight: 300
.music-tab
display: flex
height: 30px
line-height: 30px
color: #DDDDDD
text-align: center
.tab-item
flex: 1.music-view
position: fixed
top: 88px
left: 0
bottom: 52px
width: 100%
.nav-link, .link
display: block
color: inherit
text-decoration: none
&.active
color: #FFD700
border-bottom: 2px solid #FFD700

总结

在本章节讲解了如何制作字体图标，根据页面设计基本路由结构

后续更新中...

完整项目地址：github.com/code-mcx/ma…

本章节代码在chapter2分支

作者：code_mcx

链接：https://juejin.im/post/5a3738876fb9a0450e763541

来源：掘金

著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。