您的位置:首页 > 理论基础 > 计算机网络

java网络编程之Netty编解码技术(六)

2017-11-24 16:48 459 查看

java网络编程之Netty编解码技术(六)

概念理解

编解码技术,说白了就是Java序列化技术,序列化目的就两个,第一进行网络传输,第二对象持久化。虽然我们可以使用java进行对象序列化,Netty去传输,但是Java序列化的硬伤太多,比如Java序列化没法跨语言、序列化后码流太大、序列化性能太低等等。JBoss Marshalling序列化的速度是JDK的3倍。

主流的编解码框架:

1、JBoss的Marshalling包

2、Google的Protobuf

3、基于 Protobuf 的Kyro

4、MessagePack框架

每个编解码的框架都不难,下面我主要是通过JBoss来讲解,需要了解其他框架的可以去百度。

JBoos Marshalling

JBoos Marshalling是一个java对象系列化的包,对JDK默认的序列化框架进行了优化,但又保持跟java.io.Serializable接口的兼容,同时增加了一些可调的参数和附加特征。

类库:jboss-marshalling-1.3.0 jboss-marshalling-serial-1.3.0

下载地址:https://www.jboss.org/jbossmarshalling/downloads

JBoos Marshalling与Netty结合后进行序列化对象的代码编写非常简单,下面我会一一介绍。

[b]实体类[/b]

首先,需要两个实体类,实体类都需要实现Serializable接口,Req类是用来做客户端的请求的, Resp类是用来做服务端返回给客户端的响应。

Req类代码如下:

public class Req implements Serializable{

private static final long  SerialVersionUID = 1L;

private String id ;
private String name ;
private String requestMessage ;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getRequestMessage() {
return requestMessage;
}
public void setRequestMessage(String requestMessage) {
this.requestMessage = requestMessage;
}
}


Resp类代码如下:

public class Resp implements Serializable{

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

private String id;
private String name;
private String responseMessage;

public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getResponseMessage() {
return responseMessage;
}
public void setResponseMessage(String responseMessage) {
this.responseMessage = responseMessage;
}
}


这里代码没什么好说的

[b]Jboss Marshalling 编解码工具类[/b]

在编写之前必须先导入Jboss需要的包

public final class MarshallingCodeCFactory {

/**
* 创建Jboss Marshalling解码器MarshallingDecoder
* @return MarshallingDecoder
*/
public static MarshallingDecoder buildMarshallingDecoder() {
//1
final MarshallerFactory marshallerFactory = Marshalling.getProvidedMarshallerFactory("serial");
//2
final MarshallingConfiguration configuration = new MarshallingConfiguration();
configuration.setVersion(5);
//3
UnmarshallerProvider provider = new DefaultUnmarshallerProvider(marshallerFactory, configuration);
//4
MarshallingDecoder decoder = new MarshallingDecoder(provider, 1024 * 1024 * 1);
return decoder;
}

/**
* 创建Jboss Marshalling编码器MarshallingEncoder
* @return MarshallingEncoder
*/
public static MarshallingEncoder buildMarshallingEncoder() {
final MarshallerFactory marshallerFactory = Marshalling.getProvidedMarshallerFactory("serial");
final MarshallingConfiguration configuration = new MarshallingConfiguration();
configuration.setVersion(5);
MarshallerProvider provider = new DefaultMarshallerProvider(marshallerFactory, configuration);
//5
MarshallingEncoder encoder = new MarshallingEncoder(provider);
return encoder;
}
}


1、首先通过Marshalling工具类的精通方法获取Marshalling实例对象 参数serial标识创建的是java序列化工厂对象。

2、创建了MarshallingConfiguration对象,配置了版本号为5

3、根据marshallerFactory和configuration创建provider

4、构建Netty的MarshallingDecoder对象,俩个参数分别为provider和单个消息序列化后的最大长度

5、构建Netty的MarshallingEncoder对象,MarshallingEncoder用于实现序列化接口的POJO对象序列化为二进制数组

个人感觉不难都是一些固定的写法,记住每一步要做什么就好。

[b]服务端[/b]

public class Server {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{

EventLoopGroup pGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
EventLoopGroup cGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
b.group(pGroup, cGroup)
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024)
//1
.handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
//2
sc.pipeline().addLast(MarshallingCodeCFactory.buildMarshallingDecoder());
//3
sc.pipeline().addLast(MarshallingCodeCFactory.buildMarshallingEncoder());
sc.pipeline().addLast(new ServerHandler());
}
});

ChannelFuture cf = b.bind(8765).sync();

cf.channel().closeFuture().sync();
pGroup.shutdownGracefully();
cGroup.shutdownGracefully();

}
}


这里其实没什么改动,跟我上一篇文章的Netty流数据的传输处理差不多,

1、设置日志(这里需要自己导入log4j.jar) 当然你也可以不设置打印日记

2、这是我们写的Jboss Marshalling工具类的解码器MarshallingDecoder

3、这是我们写的Jboss Marshalling工具类的编码器MarshallingEncoder

其它代码说明可以去看我的Netty第一个程序的那篇文章。

[b]服务端业务处理[/b]

public class ServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter{

@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {

}

@Override
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
Req req = (Req)msg;
System.out.println("Server : " + req.getId() + ", " + req.getName() + ", " + req.getRequestMessage());
Resp resp = new Resp();
resp.setId(req.getId());
resp.setName("resp" + req.getId());
resp.setResponseMessage("响应内容" + req.getId());
ctx.writeAndFlush(resp);//.addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
}

}


这里业务逻辑主要是将客户端传过来的信息进行打印,然后将数据传入返回的实体类Resp,将实体类Resp返回给客户端

[b]客户端[/b]

public class Client {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{

EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
b.group(group)
.channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
.handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel sc) throws Exception {
//1  解码
sc.pipeline().addLast(MarshallingCodeCFactory.buildMarshallingDecoder());
//2  编码
sc.pipeline().addLast(MarshallingCodeCFactory.buildMarshallingEncoder());
sc.pipeline().addLast(new ClientHandler());
}
});

ChannelFuture cf = b.connect("127.0.0.1", 8765).sync();

//3
for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++ ){
Req req = new Req();
req.setId("" + i);
req.setName("pro" + i);
req.setRequestMessage("数据信息" + i);
cf.channel().writeAndFlush(req);
}

cf.channel().closeFuture().sync();
group.shutdownGracefully();
}
}


这里编解码跟服务端一样,不再详细说,不懂可以回头看看服务端的。

3、for循环向服务端发送五条消息

[b]客户端业务处理[/b]

public class ClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter{

@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {

}

@Override
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
try {
Resp resp = (Resp)msg;
System.out.println("Client : " + resp.getId() + ", " + resp.getName() + ", " + resp.getResponseMessage());
} finally {
ReferenceCountUtil.release(msg);
}
}

}


这里很简单,没什么好说的了。

好!到这目前所有代码都编写完了来测试一下效果。

服务端启动打印如图:



客户端启动打印如图:



客户端启动后服务端的打印:



源代码:https://github.com/hfbin/Thread_Socket/tree/master/Socket/serializable
内容来自用户分享和网络整理,不保证内容的准确性,如有侵权内容,可联系管理员处理 点击这里给我发消息
标签:  java Netty