LVM练习

首先将虚拟机desktop重置



1.

[root@localhost ~]# du -sh

28M    .

[root@localhost ~]# df -h              ## 查看系统磁盘设备和容量

Filesystem          Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/vda1            10G  3.1G  7.0G  31% /

devtmpfs            906M     0  906M   0% /dev

tmpfs               921M   84K  921M   1% /dev/shm

tmpfs               921M   17M  904M   2% /run

tmpfs               921M     0  921M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/mapper/vg0-vo  473M  2.3M  442M   1% /home

[root@localhost ~]# umount /home/                         ##卸载/dev/mapper/vg0-vo设备

[root@localhost ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/vg0-vo        ##检测/dev/mapper/vg0-vo设备 

e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)

Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes

Pass 2: Checking directory structure

Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity

Pass 4: Checking reference counts

Pass 5: Checking group summary information

/dev/mapper/vg0-vo: 24/126976 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 26573/507904 blocks



[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/vg0-vo 250M            ##减缩文件系统至250M

resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)

Resizing the filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg0-vo to 256000 (1k) blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg0-vo is now 256000 blocks long.

[root@localhost ~]# lvreduce -L 250M /dev/vg0/vo                               ##J减缩设备                                            

  Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 252.00 MiB

  WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 252.00 MiB

  THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)

Do you really want to reduce vo? [y/n]: y

  Reducing logical volume vo to 252.00 MiB

  Logical volume vo successfully resized

[root@localhost ~]# mount -a                            ## 自动挂载

[root@localhost ~]# df -h

Filesystem          Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/vda1            10G  3.1G  7.0G  31% /

devtmpfs            906M     0  906M   0% /dev

tmpfs               921M   84K  921M   1% /dev/shm

tmpfs               921M   17M  904M   2% /run

tmpfs               921M     0  921M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/mapper/vg0-vo  234M  2.1M  216M   1% /home

[root@localhost ~]#

2.

[root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=512     ##截取大小为512M的文件

512+0 records in

512+0 records out

536870912 bytes (537 MB) copied, 4.45746 s, 120 MB/s

[root@localhost ~]# mkswap /swapfile                                                      ##格式化为swp格式

Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 524284 KiB

no label, UUID=e8e3ae0d-3bf0-4c44-a7ae-2ac1bb07df94

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab

[root@localhost ~]# mount -a

[root@localhost ~]# swapon -s

Filename                Type        Size    Used    Priority

/swapfile                                  file    524284    0    -1





3.

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb          ##创建新的分区                               

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): n

Partition type:

   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)

   e   extended

Select (default p): p

Partition number (2-4, default 2):

First sector (1026048-20971519, default 1026048):

Using default value 1026048

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (1026048-20971519, default 20971519): +1G

Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2

Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e                                                 ##选择逻辑卷分区格式

Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x09ee18d7

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/vdb1            2048     1026047      512000   8e  Linux LVM

/dev/vdb2         1026048     3123199     1048576   8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help): wq

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.

The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at

the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)

Syncing disks.

[root@localhost ~]# partprobe                             ##同步分区



[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/vdb2                  ##把/dev/vdb2加入到PV中

  Physical volume "/dev/vdb2" successfully created

[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate -s 8M westos /dev/vdb2                 ##把/dev/vdb2加入到VG

  Volume group "westos" successfully created

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -l 100 -n westoslv0 westos               ##

  Logical volume "westoslv0" created

[root@localhost ~]# pvs

  PV         VG     Fmt  Attr PSize    PFree  

  /dev/vdb1  vg0    lvm2 a--   496.00m 244.00m

  /dev/vdb2  westos lvm2 a--  1016.00m 216.00m

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/westos-westoslv0



mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

51296 inodes, 204800 blocks

10240 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=209715200

7 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

7328 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

    32768, 98304, 163840

Allocating group tables: done                            

Writing inode tables: done                            

Creating journal (4096 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/westos

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab



[root@localhost ~]# mount -a

[root@localhost ~]# df

Filesystem                   1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on

/dev/vda1                 
a023
    10473900 3673720   6800180  36% /

devtmpfs                        927072       0    927072   0% /dev

tmpfs                           942660      80    942580   1% /dev/shm

tmpfs                           942660   17048    925612   2% /run

tmpfs                           942660       0    942660   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/mapper/vg0-vo              239527    2083    220549   1% /home

/dev/mapper/westos-westoslv0    789904    1608    730952   1% /mnt/westos