MySQL的安装和与Python的连接(Ubuntu)

在Ubuntu使用Python，并让Python与MySQL连接进行相应的开发。

首先就是的MySQL的安装了，使用Ubuntu安装MySQL是十分的方便的，使用

sudo apt-get install mysql-server
sudo apt-get install mysql-client

进行MySQL的安装，在安装的过程中会提醒设置用户（root）的密码，记得填写，免去后续的麻烦。

下一步的就是的安装Python与MySQL相连接的工具

MySQLdb

，网站(https://pypi.python.org/pypi/MySQL-python/1.2.5)，下载的是一个压缩的文件，解压找到

setup.py

文件。

leeguo@leeguo-PC:~/Downloads$ cd MySQL-python-1.2.5/
leeguo@leeguo-PC:~/Downloads/MySQL-python-1.2.5$ ls
build    MANIFEST.in            PKG-INFO          setup_posix.py
dist     metadata.cfg           pymemcompat.h     setup_posix.pyc
doc      _mysql.c               README.md         setup.py
GPL-2.0  MySQLdb                setup.cfg         setup_windows.py
HISTORY  _mysql_exceptions.py   setup_common.py   site.cfg
INSTALL  MySQL_python.egg-info  setup_common.pyc  tests

如果提示出现的这样的错误，说明有些东西没有安装，下面有解决的办法。若没有这样的问题请无视

###########分割线begin

leeguo@leeguo-PC:~/Downloads/MySQL-python-1.2.5$ python setup.py install
sh: 1: /usr/bin/mysql_config: not found
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "setup.py", line 17, in <module>
metadata, options = get_config()
File "/home/leeguo/Downloads/MySQL-python-1.2.5/setup_posix.py", line 44, in get_config
libs = mysql_config("libs_r")
File "/home/leeguo/Downloads/MySQL-python-1.2.5/setup_posix.py", line 25, in mysql_config
raise EnvironmentError("%s not found" % (mysql_config.path,))
EnvironmentError: /usr/bin/mysql_config not found

安装时出现上面的提示，说明没有安装

libmysqlclient-dev

，那就安装：

leeguo@leeguo-PC:~/Downloads/MySQL-python-1.2.5$ sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
libmysqlclient20
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libmysqlclient-dev libmysqlclient20
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/1,968 kB of archives.
After this operation, 11.5 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Selecting previously unselected package libmysqlclient20:amd64.
(Reading database ... 243728 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libmysqlclient20_5.7.19-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libmysqlclient20:amd64 (5.7.19-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libmysqlclient-dev.
Preparing to unpack .../libmysqlclient-dev_5.7.19-0ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libmysqlclient-dev (5.7.19-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu9) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
Setting up libmysqlclient20:amd64 (5.7.19-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Setting up libmysqlclient-dev (5.7.19-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu9) ...

###########分割线end

解决上面的问题安装MySQLdb了。

leeguo@leeguo-PC:~/Downloads/MySQL-python-1.2.5$ sudo python setup.py build
running build
running build_py
copying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
running build_ext
leeguo@leeguo-PC:~/Downloads/MySQL-python-1.2.5$ sudo python setup.py install
running install
running bdist_egg
running egg_info
writing MySQL_python.egg-info/PKG-INFO
writing top-level names to MySQL_python.egg-info/top_level.txt
writing dependency_links to MySQL_python.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
reading manifest file 'MySQL_python.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
writing manifest file 'MySQL_python.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
installing library code to build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg
running install_lib
running build_py
copying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb
running build_ext
creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/_mysql_exceptions.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg
creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/release.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/times.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb
creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/constants
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/constants
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/constants
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/constants
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants/REFRESH.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/constants
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/constants
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/constants
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/constants
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/_mysql.so -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/_mysql_exceptions.py to _mysql_exceptions.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/release.py to release.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/times.py to times.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py to FLAG.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py to __init__.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/constants/ER.py to ER.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/constants/REFRESH.py to REFRESH.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py to FIELD_TYPE.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py to CLIENT.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/constants/CR.py to CR.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/__init__.py to __init__.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/cursors.py to cursors.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/converters.py to converters.pyc
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/MySQLdb/connections.py to connections.pyc
creating stub loader for _mysql.so
byte-compiling build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/_mysql.py to _mysql.pyc
creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
copying MySQL_python.egg-info/PKG-INFO -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
copying MySQL_python.egg-info/SOURCES.txt -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
copying MySQL_python.egg-info/dependency_links.txt -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
copying MySQL_python.egg-info/top_level.txt -> build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO
writing build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/EGG-INFO/native_libs.txt
zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents...
creating 'dist/MySQL_python-1.2.5-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg' and adding 'build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg' to it
removing 'build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg' (and everything under it)
Processing MySQL_python-1.2.5-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg
Removing /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.5-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg
Copying MySQL_python-1.2.5-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg to /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
MySQL-python 1.2.5 is already the active version in easy-install.pth

Installed /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.5-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg
Processing dependencies for MySQL-python==1.2.5
Finished processing dependencies for MySQL-python==1.2.5

进行相应的测试，测试MySQLdb是否安装成功。

leeguo@leeguo-PC:~/Downloads/MySQL-python-1.2.5$ python
Python 2.7.12 (default, Nov 19 2016, 06:48:10)
[GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import MySQLdb
>>>

像上面的这样，则说明MySQL安装成功了。

下面是一个关于Python和MySQL的小小程序，进行Python和MySQL的测试。

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

import MySQLdb

db = MySQLdb.connect(
host = "localhost",
user = "root",  #数据库的用户名
passwd = "001", #数据库的密码
db = "mysql",   #数据库
port = 3306)

# 使用cursor()方法获取操作游标
cursor = db.cursor()

# 使用execute方法执行SQL语句
cursor.execute("SELECT VERSION()")

# 使用 fetchone() 方法获取一条数据库。
data = cursor.fetchone()

print "Database version : %s " % data

# 关闭数据库连接
db.close()

运行程序，结果如下，说明环境搭建完成完成，可以进行下一步的工作。

leeguo@leeguo-PC:~/Nutstore/Python_code$ python mysql_test.py
Database version : 5.7.19-0ubuntu0.16.04.1