C#工大租车系统（包含异常处理）

一、 实验目的

1、熟悉Visual Studio.Net集成开发环境。

2、掌握c#的基本语法。

3、理解并掌握面向对象三要素：封装、继承、多态。

4、培养动手能力与解决实际问题的能力。

二、 实验内容及要求

根据所学面向对象知识，编写一个控制面板的“工大汽车租赁系统”，实现以下功能：

展示所有可租车辆

选择车型、租车量

展示租车清单，包括：总金额、总载货量以及车型、总载人量及其车型。

用户输入错误时，加入异常处理：当询问用户是否租车，用户输入是字母时，用try - catch 语句处理异常，并提示重新输入；当用户输入的车辆序号不存在时，抛出“车辆

不存在”异常，并提示重新输入

程序源代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace HireCarProgram
{
class Car        //车主类，作为基类
{
private string name;           //车名字
public string Name             //属性设置
{
set { name = value; }
get { return name; }
}
private int xuhao;             //车序号
public int Xuhao
{
set { xuhao = value; }
get { return xuhao; }
}
private double price;          //车每辆每天的价格
public double Price
{
set { price = value; }
get { return price; }
}
private int days;             //租车天数，默认为0
public int Days
{
set { days = value; }
get { return days; }
}
private int number;           //租车数量，默认为0
public int Number
{
set { number = value; }
get { return number; }
}
public Car()
{
this.days = 0;
this.number = 0;
}
public Car(int days,int number)
{
this.days = days;
this.number = number;
}
public double zj()             //计算一种车的总价格
{
return (this.price * this.number * this.days);
}
}
class GoodsCar : Car       //载货车，继承Car
{
private int weight;     //每辆车每次载重
public int Weight
{
set { weight = value; }
get { return weight; }
}

public GoodsCar():base()
{

}
public GoodsCar(int days,int number):base(days,number)
{

}
public int zz()        //计算一种车总载重
{
return (this.Number * this.weight * this.Days);
}
}
class PeopleCar : Car      //客车，继承Car
{
private int people;   //每辆车每次载人数
public int People
{
set { people = value; }
get { return people; }
}
public PeopleCar():base()
{

}
public PeopleCar(int days,int number):base(days,number)
{

}
public int zr()     //计算一种车的载人
{
return (this.Number * this.people * this.Days);
}
}
class GoodsAndPeopleCar : Car  //皮卡雪客车货车
{
private int weight;
public int Weight
{
get { return weight; }
set { weight = value; }
}
4000

private int people;
public int People
{
set { people = value; }
get { return people; }
}
public GoodsAndPeopleCar():base()
{
this.Xuhao = 3;
this.Name = "皮 卡雪";
this.Price = 450;
this.weight = 2;
this.people = 4;
}
public GoodsAndPeopleCar(int days, int number):base(days,number)    //构造参数为选车天数和选车数
{
this.Xuhao = 3;
this.Name = "皮 卡雪";
this.Price = 450;
this.weight = 2;
this.people = 4;
}
public void toString()       //输出信息
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}   {1}   {2}辆   {3}   租金{4}元   {5}坐，{6}吨          一共{7}元",
this.Xuhao, this.Name, this.Number, this.Days, this.Price, this.People, this.Weight, (this.Days * this.Price * this.Number));
}
public int zz()                         //计算总重量
{
return (this.Number * this.Weight * this.Days);
}
public int zr()                      //计算总人数
{
return (this.Number * this.People * this.Days);
}
}
class SongHuaJiangGoodsCar : GoodsCar //货车松花江
{
public SongHuaJiangGoodsCar():base()//无参构造，默认天数和车辆数为0
{
this.Xuhao = 5;
this.Name = "松 花江";
this.Price = 400;
this.Weight = 4;
}
public SongHuaJiangGoodsCar(int days, int number):base(days,number)
{
this.Xuhao = 5;
this.Name = "松 花江";
this.Price = 400;
this.Weight = 4;
}
public void toString()
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}   {1}   {2}辆   {3}   租金{4}元   装载货物{5}吨       一共{6}元",
this.Xuhao, this.Name, this.Number, this.Days, this.Price, this.Weight, (this.Days * this.Price * this.Number));
}
}
class YiWeiKeGoodsCar : GoodsCar//货车依维柯
{
public YiWeiKeGoodsCar():base()
{
this.Xuhao = 6;
this.Name = "依 维柯";
this.Price = 1000;
this.Weight = 20;
}
public YiWeiKeGoodsCar(int days, int number):base(days,number)
{
this.Xuhao = 6;
this.Name = "依 维柯";
this.Price = 1000;
this.Weight = 20;
}
public void toString()
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}   {1}   {2}辆   {3}   租金{4}元  装载货物{5}吨      一共{6}元",
this.Xuhao, this.Name, this.Number, this.Days, this.Price, this.Weight, (this.Days * this.Price * this.Number));

}
}
class AoDiA4PeopleCar : PeopleCar         //客车奥迪A4
{

public AoDiA4PeopleCar():base()
{
this.Xuhao = 1;
this.Name = "奥迪 A4";
this.Price = 500;
this.People = 4;
}
public AoDiA4PeopleCar(int days, int number) : base(days,number)
{
this.Xuhao = 1;
this.Name = "奥迪 A4";
this.Price = 500;
this.People = 4;
}
public void toString()
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}   {1}   {2}辆   {3}   租金{4}元   可以坐{5}人         一共{6}元",
this.Xuhao, this.Name, this.Number, this.Days, this.Price, this.People, (this.Days * this.Price * this.Number));
}
}
class MaZiDa6PeopleCar : PeopleCar        //客车马自达6
{
public MaZiDa6PeopleCar():base()
{
this.Xuhao = 2;
this.Name = "马自达6";
this.Price = 400;
this.People = 4;
}
public MaZiDa6PeopleCar(int days, int number):base(days,number)
{
this.Xuhao = 2;
this.Name = "马自达6";
this.Price = 400;
this.People = 4;
}
public void toString()
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}   {1}   {2}辆   {3}   租金{4}元   可以坐{5}           一共{6}元",
this.Xuhao, this.Name, this.Number, this.Days, this.Price, this.People, (this.Days * this.Price * this.Number));
}

}
class JinLongPeopleCar : PeopleCar    //客车金龙
{
public JinLongPeopleCar():base()
{
this.Xuhao = 4;
this.Name = "金   龙";
this.Price = 800;
}
public JinLongPeopleCar(int days, int number):base(days,number)
{
this.Xuhao = 4;
this.Name = "金   龙";
this.Price = 800;
this.People = 20;
}
public void toString()
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}   {1}   {2}辆   {3}   租金{4}元   可以坐{5}           一共{6}元",
this.Xuhao, this.Name, this.Number, this.Days, this.Price, this.People, (this.Days * this.Price * this.Number));
}
}
class UserException : Exception                //自定义异常类
{
//重载Excetption类的构造函数
public UserException() { }
public UserException(string ms) : base(ms) { }
//public UserException(string ms,Exception inner) : base(ms, inner) { }
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{

AoDiA4PeopleCar aodi = new AoDiA4PeopleCar();        //建立六种车的类型
MaZiDa6PeopleCar mazi = new MaZiDa6PeopleCar();
GoodsAndPeopleCar gope = new GoodsAndPeopleCar();
JinLongPeopleCar jinl = new JinLongPeopleCar();
SongHuaJiangGoodsCar songh = new SongHuaJiangGoodsCar();
YiWeiKeGoodsCar yiwe = new YiWeiKeGoodsCar();

Console.WriteLine("\t\t欢迎使用工大租车系统！\n");
Console.WriteLine("================================================");
Console.WriteLine("您是否需要租车：（1是0否）");      //判断是否租车
int a = -1;
//提示选车，当类容为输入字母时候提示异，
//输入非0和非1提示异常
do
{
try
{
a = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
if(a!=0&&a!=1)
{
//自定义异常，显示输入数字非1和非0的异常
UserException user = new UserException("输入的数字不正确，请输入0或者1！");
throw us
da17
er;
}
}
catch (UserException e) //输入数字非1和非0异常信息
{
Console.WriteLine("产生异常{0}",e.Message);
Console.WriteLine("请您重新选则：");
a = -1;
}
catch (Exception e)   //输入字母时候抛出异常
{
Console.WriteLine("产生异常：{0}", e.Message);
Console.WriteLine("请您重新选则：");
a = -1;
}

} while (a == -1);
if (a == 1)
{
//显示租车清单
Console.WriteLine("工大租车系统：(可选列表）");
Console.WriteLine("   序号\t   汽车名称\t   租金/天 \t   容量");
Console.WriteLine("     1 \t   奥迪A4  \t    500元  \t 载人：4人");
Console.WriteLine("     2 \t   马自达6 \t    400元  \t 载人：4人");
Console.WriteLine("     3 \t   皮卡雪6 \t    450元  \t 载人：4人，载货：2吨");
Console.WriteLine("     4 \t   金龙    \t    800元  \t 载人：20人");
Console.WriteLine("     5 \t   松花江  \t    400元  \t 载货：4吨");
Console.WriteLine("     6 \t   依维柯  \t    1000元 \t 载货：20吨");
Console.WriteLine("请问您需要几种车：");
int m = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
int[,] xingxi = new int[m, 3];       //保存租车信息（序号，车辆数，天数）
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
{
Console.WriteLine("请输入第{0}俩车的相关信息：（序号、车辆数、租用天数）", i + 1);
Console.Write("序号：");
try    //输入序号，如果输入的不是1，2，3，4，5，6，则抛出异常
{
xingxi[i, 0] = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
if (xingxi[i, 0]<=0||xingxi[i, 0]>=7)
{
UserException user = new UserException("输入的车序号不对，重新输入！");
throw user;
}
}
catch(UserException ex)    //输入序号不对，显示异常
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
xingxi[i, 0] = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
}
catch(Exception ex)       //输入字母异常
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
xingxi[i, 0] = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
}
Console.Write("车辆数：");
try  //输入车辆数，如果是字母或者是非负数则显示异常，提示重新输入
{
xingxi[i, 1] = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
if(xingxi[i,1]<=0)
{
UserException user = new UserException("输入的车辆数是非正整数！");
throw user;
}
}
catch(UserException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("输入异常：{0}", ex.Message);
Console.WriteLine("请重新输入车俩数：");
xingxi[i, 1] = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("输入异常：{0}", ex.Message);
Console.WriteLine("请重新输入车俩数：");
xingxi[i, 1] = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
}
Console.Write("租用天数：");
try  //输入租车天数，如果是字字母则显示异常，提示重新输入
{
xingxi[i, 2] = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
if(xingxi[i,2]<=0)
{
UserException user = new UserException("输入的车辆数是非正整数！");
throw user;
}
}
catch(UserException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
Console.WriteLine("请重新输入车俩数：");
xingxi[i, 2] = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("输入异常：{0}", ex.Message);
Console.WriteLine("请重新输入车俩数：");
xingxi[i, 2] = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
{
switch (xingxi[i, 0])                            //构造六种车的类型
{
case 1:
aodi = new AoDiA4PeopleCar(xingxi[i, 2], xingxi[i, 1]);
break;
case 2:
mazi = new MaZiDa6PeopleCar(xingxi[i, 2], xingxi[i, 1]);
break;
case 3:
gope = new GoodsAndPeopleCar(xingxi[i, 2], xingxi[i, 1]);
break;
case 4:
jinl = new JinLongPeopleCar(xingxi[i, 2], xingxi[i, 1]);
break;
case 5:
songh = new SongHuaJiangGoodsCar(xingxi[i, 2], xingxi[i, 1]);
break;
case 6:
yiwe = new YiWeiKeGoodsCar(xingxi[i, 2], xingxi[i, 1]);
break;
default:
Console.WriteLine("选车序号有错误！");
break;
}

}
Console.WriteLine("\n选车完毕，请等候！\n正在为您计算选车方案。。。");
Console.WriteLine("\n\t\t您的租车方案为：");
Console.WriteLine("序号 名称  车辆数  天数  租金/天     容量/车            金额/元");
//通过判断，输出租车清单
if(aodi.Days!=0&&aodi.Number!=0)
aodi.toString();
if (mazi.Days != 0 && mazi.Number != 0)
mazi.toString();
if (gope.Days!=0&& gope.Number!=0)
gope.toString();
if(jinl.Days != 0&&jinl.Number != 0)
jinl.toString();
if(songh.Days != 0&&songh.Number != 0)
songh.toString();
if(yiwe.Days != 0&&yiwe.Number != 0)
yiwe.toString();
Console.WriteLine("\n一共可以坐{0}人，载重{1}吨",
(aodi.zr() + mazi.zr() + gope.zr() + jinl.zr()), (gope.zz() + songh.zz() + yiwe.zz()));
Console.WriteLine("一共花费的钱为：{0}元  !", aodi.zj() + mazi.zj() + gope.zj() + jinl.zj() + songh.zj() + yiwe.zj());
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("欢迎光顾工大租车系统！欢迎下次再来！");
}

Console.Read();
}
}
}

运行结果分析：





分析：

1. 在选车的时候，输入如果是字母则抛出异常，异常信息为：产生异常：输入的字符串的格式不正确。如果输入的是非0或非1 的数字，则抛出异常，异常信息为：产生异常输入的数字不正确，请输入0或者1！。如果输入是0，则推出系统，提示信息为：欢迎光顾工大租车系统！欢迎下次再来！。如果是输入1，则进入工大租车系统，显示可以租用的车辆。该位置使用了循环，如果发生异常，则可以一直输入，直到正确为止。

2. 选则车辆的种类，输入数字，表示的是选用的车辆的种类；

3. 提醒输入第一俩车的信息，后面的车辆提示信息以此类推，如果输入的序号不是1~6，则抛出异常，异常信息为：输入的车序号不对；

4. 提示输入车辆数，如果输入的是字母，则引发异常，异常信息为：输入异常：输入字符串的格式不正确。如果输入的是非正数，则引发异常，异常信息为：输入的车辆数是非正数！提示重新输入，该异常的信息只能输错一次，因为是该处没有使用循环，故不能连续输入错误信息。

5. 提示输入天数，异常信息类似于车俩数。

6. 当输入完成时，提供租车方案，格式如图，同时计算总载货量和总载人量，给予输出。

运行结构图：