不同vlan间通信

Vlan间通信：

 

可通过路由器进行通信------用到的技术叫做单臂路由

可通过交换机进行通信------用到的技术叫做创建虚拟接口SVI并设置对应vlan中的计算机的网关为vlan的虚拟接口地址

 

网络拓扑：

-----通过路由器



 

实验配置：

交换机1：

Switch>en
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End withCNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#vlan 2
Switch(config-vlan)#exit
Switch(config)#vlan 3
Switch(config-vlan)#exit
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/2
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/3
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk         //将1口设置为trunk链路

交换机2：

Switch>en
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End withCNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#vlan 4
Switch(config-vlan)#exit
Switch(config)#vlan 5
Switch(config-vlan)#exit
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/23
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 4
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/22
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 5
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/24
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
Switch(config-if)#end
Switch#show running-config
Building configuration...
 
Current configuration : 1052 bytes
!
version 12.1
no service timestamps log datetime msec
no service timestamps debug datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Switch
!
!
!
spanning-tree mode pvst
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
!
………
interface FastEthernet0/4
……….
interface FastEthernet0/9
……
!
interface FastEthernet0/22
switchport access vlan 5
!
interface FastEthernet0/23
switchport access vlan 4
!
interface FastEthernet0/24
switchport mode trunk
 

 

路由器配置：

接口0/0命令清单

Router>enable
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End withCNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#no ip address
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.2
Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 2
Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-subif)#exit
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.3
Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 3
Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-subif)#exit
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router(config-if)#noshutdown

 

接口0/1命令清单

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
Router(config-if)#no ip address
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1.4
Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 4
Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.4.1255.255.255.0
Router(config-subif)#exit
Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1.5
Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 5
Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.5.1255.255.255.0
Router(config-subif)#exit
Router(config)#interfacefastEthernet 0/1

Router(config-if)#noshutdown

 

 

验证：

PC>ping 192.168.3.100
 
Pinging 192.168.3.100 with 32 bytes of data:
 
Reply from 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 time=13ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 time=14ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.3.100: bytes=32 time=13ms TTL=127
 
Ping statistics for 192.168.3.100:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 14ms, Average = 10ms
 
PC>ping 192.168.4.100
 
Pinging 192.168.4.100 with 32 bytes of data:
 
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.4.100: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.4.100: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.4.100: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=127
 
Ping statistics for 192.168.4.100:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 12ms, Average = 4ms
 
PC>ping 192.168.5.100
 
Pinging 192.168.5.100 with 32 bytes of data:
 
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.5.100: bytes=32 time=13ms TTL=127
Reply from 192.168.5.100: bytes=32 time=13ms TTL=127
4000

Reply from 192.168.5.100: bytes=32 time=14ms TTL=127
 
Ping statistics for 192.168.5.100:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 13ms, Maximum = 14ms, Average = 13ms
 

为各个配置IP时记得配上网关！

补充：所谓单臂路由就是指使用IEEE 802.1Q来启动一个路由器上的子接口成为干道模式，实现vlan间的通信

 

本实验到此成功。（交换机的配置下次上传）