Merriam Webster's Vocabulary Builder Roots 韦小绿英文词根 Unit 1整理

Merriam Webster Unit1

[bene-]: well #bene
bene·dict·ion: 祝福 a Christian prayer of blessing #dict

bene·dict: 新婚男人 （especially one who has long been a bachelor）
#dict
benefit: 利益，有利于，受益
If you want to avoid being laid off（解雇；休息）, be prepared to state how your contributions will benefit the company.

bene·fact·ion: 善意，善行 #fact
Finaly: Giving up is a wisdom, defect（缺点） is a benefaction.

bene·fact·or/bene·fact·ress: 恩人/女恩人, 施惠者 #fact
bene·fic·iary: 受益人，财产继承人#fact
bene·volence: 善行，慈悲，善意 #vol
bene·volent: 善意的 #vol
Big Brother, a seemingly benevolent but terribly vengeful ruler who may or may not exist, is the personification of the state.
vengeful： 复仇的，报复的；复仇心重的
personification：人格化；化身；拟人法（一种修辞手法）；象征

beni·gn: 良性的，善良的
This was the most benign outcome, if a downgrade was to happen. 

benignant: 良性的
malignant: 恶性的 #mal

[dict- dic-] : 说话，断言 #dict
ab·dicate: 辞职，退位，正式放弃 #ab
In 1911 the forces of Sun Yat-sen established the Chinese Republic, and the last Qing Emperor, the hapless（倒霉的） Puyi, was forced to abdicate. He lingered for years in the Forbidden City.

ad·dict: 使上瘾，沉溺，瘾君子（drug addict）
contra·dict: 反驳，与……矛盾 #contra
The findings contradict the long established belief that the amount of sleep we need falls as we approach middle and old age.

dict·o·graph: 侦听器 #graph
dict·um: 声明，格言
e·dict: 布告，法令 #e
He issued an edict that none of his writings be destroyed.

epi·deictic: 能说的，富于辞藻的 #epi
in·dicate: 显示，指出，象征 #in
A survey of retired people has indicated that most are independent and enjoying life.

inter·dict: 制止，停止，封锁，禁止 #inter
Troops could be ferried in to interdict drug shipments.

male·dict·ion: 诅咒，诽谤，咒骂 #mal
She was pointing at Ron in dire accusation: It was like a malediction, and Harry could not blame Ron for retreating several steps.

pre·dict: 预言，预知 #pre
ver·dict: 判决，定论，结论 #ver
The verdict of the jury was given in his favour.
in sb's favour 对某人有利，使某人开心

vin·dic·ate: 维护，辩护，澄清（责难或嫌疑）；证明（某人）无罪（责） #vin
The Communist Party's propaganda bureau accused the author of attempting “to vindicate criminal acts by the imperialist powers in invading China”. 
propaganda：宣传，鼓吹，宣传机构
imperialist: 帝国主义

[am- amor- amat- ] :"love" #am
amat·eur: 爱好者，外行
amat·ory: 情爱的，恋爱的
That is our amatory crystal （爱情的结晶） , the life lasting.

am·enity: 生活福利设施，礼仪，愉快
The hotel amenities include health clubs, conference facilities, and banqueting rooms.
banquet：宴会

dab5

am·iable: 亲切的，和蔼的
am·icable: 友善的，友好的
He hoped the dispute could be settled amicably.

am·ity: 友善，友好
He wished to live in amity with his neighbour.

am·orous: 多情的，性欲的，含情脉脉的 =passionate
" Love them and leave them " was the motto of the amorous Don Juan（唐璜） .

en·am·or: 迷住，使迷恋
Her beauty enamored the prince. 

en·am·ored: 迷恋的（be/become further enamored of sth)越来越沉醉于
Sometimes you will be particularly enamored (or obsessed) with one thing, and therest of your life is thrown off its axis.

par·am·our: 情妇，情人 #para
His wife suspected that he had a paramour.

[bell-]: 战争
Bellona: 女战神
bell·icose: 好战的，好斗的 【国家】=quarrelsome
North Korea often issues bellicose warnings.

bell·icosity: 好战
Most players of chess play just for diversion. Chess has so many enthusiasts only because it suits man's bellicosity.
diversion: 转移，消遣，分散注意

bell·igerent: 好战的【国家-个人都可以】-belligerence
bellow: 怒吼
She prayed she wouldn't come in and find them there, bellowing at each other.

re·bel：vi. 反叛，反抗，造反；n. 反叛者，叛徒；adj. 反抗的；造反的
The Libyan government has rejected the offer of a conditional ceasefire by rebel forces.
ceasefire： 停火协议

re·bell·ion: 叛乱

[pac- paci- peas-] : "agree" and "peace" #pac
ap·pease ：抚慰， 缓解， 平息
The apology didn't appease at least some of the critics, who said they might continue protesting today.

pac·ify: 安慰， 使平静
Government forces have found it difficult to pacify the rebels.

Pac·ific：和平，温和的，平静的，太平洋 #ific
Gorbachev（戈尔巴乔夫） was less pacific than people thought.

pac·ifist: 和平主义者 #ist
Applied to foreign politics, pacifism either stops being pacifist or becomes appeasement.
appeasement： 姑息，绥靖政策

pact: 盟约，协议，条约
Last month he signed a new non-aggression pact with Germany.

[crim- crimin-] : "fault" and "crime"
crimin·ology: 犯罪学 #ology
de·crimin·alize: 使合法化 #alize
Marijuana（大麻） is so common in the U.S. that many want to decriminalize it. 

in·crimin·ate: 控告，归罪于
The youths were arrested and searched for anything that would incriminate them.

crime·less: 无罪的 #less
crimin·al: 犯罪; 有罪的；ADJ If you describe an action as criminal, you think it is very wrong or a serious mistake. 严重错误的(表不满)
He said a full-scale dispute involving strikes would be criminal. 他说一个卷入罢工的全面抗争将是极其错误的。

crimin·ate: 控告
To criminate God and to excuse ourselves is always an evidence of ignorance and depravity.
ignorancen: 无知，愚昧；不知，不懂
depravity: n. 堕落；邪恶

[prob- prov-] : 测试，证明
ap·prob·ate : v. 认可，许可，批准
Accordingly, in recent years " net goods " more and more suffer consumptive masses to approbate

approve : v. 赞同，赞许， 核准
Mr. Obama says senators need to approve his recovery plan quickly.

disproval : n. 反证， 反驳
Meanwhile, the novel shows its disproval of the movement' s zest for drug-abuse.
zest : a feeling of pleasure and enthusiasm. 热情

improve :改善，增加
probe：v.n.调查; 探寻
For three years, I have probed for understanding.

probate：v.n.遗嘱检验; 遗嘱认证
Probate is the legal process to prove whether a will（遗嘱） is authentic and valid. 

They're not empowered to probate the will. 他们没有权利去认证遗嘱

probable：adj. 很可能的，可信的；n. 很可能的事
probity：n. 廉洁；正直
He asserted his innocence and his financial probity.

proof：n. 证明，证据，试验；adj. 防…的；vt. 试验，校对，使不被穿透 #proof

reprove : vt.n. 责骂，谴责，非难
Women were reproved if they did not wear hats in church.

reprobate：v. 非难，拒绝，斥责；adj. 邪恶的，堕落的；n. 恶棍，无赖
Far from being the drunken reprobate of popular legend, they found him punctualand hard-working. 

[grav- griev-] : heavy 重
aggravate：vt. 加重，使恶化，激怒
Stress and lack of sleep can aggravate the situation.

aggrieve : vt. 使悲痛，冒犯。侵害…的合法权利
aggrieved：adj. 愤愤不平的
But this initiative backfired when some aggrieved players used the information to track down and reveal personal details about him.
backfired ：事与愿违，适得其反

agravic：失重的
gravid：怀孕的
gravida : = pregnancy 孕妇
gravitate：vi. 受引力作用，被吸引
You naturally gravitate toward people with shared values.

gravity：n. 重力，地心引力；严重性；庄严
We realize that the situation was grave and that the slightest incident could spark all-out war(全面战争).

gravitas : n. 庄严，庄重
The head of the committee never failed to carry herself wiith the gravitas she felt was appropriate to her office.

grief：n. 悲痛，忧伤，不幸. "Good grief": 我的天哪
This picture shows a huge outpouring of national grief for the victims of the shootings.

grieve：v. 使悲伤，使苦恼
We grieve for him at this very sad time.

ingravescent : adj. 病势渐渐加重的
With ingravescent fresh water scarcity, the situation of drought and soil salinity get even worse in the arid and semi-arid areas of China. 
scarcity : 不足，缺乏
salinity : 盐分，盐度 #salt
arid : 干旱

[lev- liev-] ： "raise","lighten" 举高，提高，变轻
al·lev·iate：vt. 减轻，缓和
Their energies were focused on the alleviation of the refugees' misery.

e·lev·ate：vt. 提升；举起；振奋情绪等；提升…的职位
He was elevated to the post of president.

elevation：n. 高地；海拔；提高；崇高；正面图
We're probably at an elevation of about 13,000 feet above sea level.

elevator：n. 电梯，升降机
leav·en：vt. 使发酵，影响，潜移默化的影响，为…增色；n. 酵母，影响
The chairman leavened the dull meeting with a few jokes.

lev·ee：vt. 为…筑堤；n. 堤坝（码头），早朝
lev·er：vt. 用杠杆撬动，把…作为杠杆；n. 杠杆；控制杆
Neighbours eventually levered open the door with a crowbar.

lev·itate：v.使轻轻浮起；使飘浮空中
Another interesting property of superconducting materials is that they will levitate in a powerful magnetic field.
superconducting：超导的
magnetic：adj. 地磁的，有磁性的，有吸引力的

lev·ity：n. 多变，轻浮，轻率，不稳定
When he finished with a final birdie（小鸟杆）, any seriousness of the incident
gave way to levity. 

levy：v.n. 征收；征兵，征税
They levied religious taxes on Christian commercial transactions.

 
re·lief：n. 救济；减轻，解除；安慰；浮雕
I breathed a sigh of relief.

re·liev·e：vt. 解除，减轻；使不单调乏味；换…的班；解围；使放心
At seven o'clock the night nurse came in to relieve her.

re·liev·o：n. 浮雕，浮雕品
re·lev·ant：adj. 相关的，切题的，中肯的，有重大关系的
Is religion still relevant to most people's lives?

re·lev·ance：n. 关联，适当，中肯
Politicians' private lives have no relevance to their public roles.

pont·levis：吊桥 #pont 路
cantilever：n.悬臂 #cant 角（悬臂：把一个角提起来）