VMware内CentOS7虚拟机硬盘扩容

简介

CentOS7虚拟机原硬盘空间只分配了10GB，需要扩容到20GB。

环境：VMware 10

VMware分配空间

选中虚拟机->虚拟机设置->硬盘->实用工具->扩展->设置最大磁盘大小->点击扩展

CentOS7内部分配

可以参考：http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/54b6b9c0fc8b0b2d583b47c6.html

查看当前磁盘空间，/dev/mapper/cl-root硬盘空间只有8GB，打算扩容：

# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/cl-root  8.0G  3.8G  4.3G  47% /
devtmpfs             482M     0  482M   0% /dev
tmpfs                493M     0  493M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                493M  6.7M  486M   2% /run
tmpfs                493M     0  493M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1           1014M  184M  831M  19% /boot
tmpfs                 99M     0   99M   0% /run/user/0

对新增的硬盘空间做新增分区（硬盘数没有增加，增加的是空间）

#  fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (3,4, default 3): 3
First sector (20971520-41943039, default 20971520):
Using default value 20971520
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (20971520-41943039, default 41943039):
Using default value 41943039
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set

Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000bc924

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200    20971519     9436160   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3        20971520    41943039
4000
10485760   8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.

重启系统 reboot

查看当前分区类型，本例类型为xfs

# df -T /dev/sda1
Filesystem     Type 1K-blocks   Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1      xfs    1038336 188240    850096  19% /boot

在新磁盘上创建xfs文件系统

# mkfs.xfs /dev/sda3
meta-data=/dev/sda3              isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=655360 blks
=                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
=                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=2621440, imaxpct=25
=                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
=                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

创建PV

# pvcreate /dev/sda3
WARNING: xfs signature detected on /dev/sda3 at offset 0. Wipe it? [y/n]: y
Wiping xfs signature on /dev/sda3.
Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.
# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name               /dev/sda2
VG Name               cl
PV Size               9.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable           yes (but full)
PE Size               4.00 MiB
Total PE              2303
Free PE               0
Allocated PE          2303
PV UUID               MlRwjY-TmVF-H8PV-heSz-ALGL-Q7sp-jFU6Al

"/dev/sda3" is a new physical volume of "10.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name               /dev/sda3
VG Name
PV Size               10.00 GiB
Allocatable           NO
PE Size               0
Total PE              0
Free PE               0
Allocated PE          0
PV UUID               0hmgH0-0wVg-jWUW-65WX-1TYb-sUGH-6jF1qm

PV加入VG，vgextend后接VG Name，本例中为cl

# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name               cl
System ID
Format                lvm2
Metadata Areas        1
Metadata Sequence No  3
VG Access             read/write
VG Status             resizable
MAX LV                0
Cur LV                2
Open LV               2
Max PV                0
Cur PV                1
Act PV                1
VG Size               9.00 GiB
PE Size               4.00 MiB
Total PE              2303
Alloc PE / Size       2303 / 9.00 GiB
Free  PE / Size       0 / 0
VG UUID               dYdb4l-wMUh-e2xv-WiaJ-Oa52-NvdF-s5ICJC

# vgextend cl /dev/sda3

VG加入LV

# lvextend -l +2559 /dev/cl/root
Size of logical volume cl/root changed from 8.00 GiB (2047 extents) to 17.99 GiB (4606 extents).
Logical volume cl/root successfully resized.

后两个参数“+2559”和“/dev/cl/root”来源详解：

“+2559”来自于vgdisplay命令的Free PE/Size字段

# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name               cl
...
VG Size               18.99 GiB
PE Size               4.00 MiB
Total PE              4862
Alloc PE / Size       2303 / 9.00 GiB
Free  PE / Size       2559 / 10.00 GiB
VG UUID               dYdb4l-wMUh-e2xv-WiaJ-Oa52-NvdF-s5ICJC

“/dev/cl/root”来自于lvdisplay命令的LV Path字段。

# lvdisplay
...
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path                /dev/cl/root
...

调整文件系统大小，本例中是xfs文件系统使用xfs_growfs命令调整，若其他文件系统，如ext4使用resize2fs命令，注意区分。

# xfs_growfs /dev/cl/root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/cl-root    isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=524032 blks
=                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
=                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=2096128, imaxpct=25
=                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
=                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 2096128 to 4716544

结果

/dev/mapper/cl-root从8G增加到了18G

# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/cl-root   18G  3.8G   15G  21% /
devtmpfs             482M     0  482M   0% /dev
tmpfs                493M     0  493M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                493M  6.7M  486M   2% /run
tmpfs                493M     0  493M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1           1014M  184M  831M  19% /boot
tmpfs                 99M     0   99M   0% /run/user/0