Building Vim from source（转）

Compiling Vim from source is actually not that difficult. Here's what you should do:

First, install all the prerequisite libraries, including Git. For a Debian-like Linux distribution like Ubuntu, that would be the following:

sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev libgnome2-dev libgnomeui-dev \
libgtk2.0-dev libatk1.0-dev libbonoboui2-dev \
libcairo2-dev libx11-dev libxpm-dev libxt-dev python-dev \
python3-dev ruby-dev lua5.1 lua5.1-dev libperl-dev git

On Ubuntu 16.04,

liblua5.1-dev

is the lua dev package name not

lua5.1-dev

.

(If you know what languages you'll be using, feel free to leave out packages you won't need, e.g. Python2

python-dev

or Ruby

ruby-dev

. This principle heavily applies to the whole page.)

For Fedora 20, that would be the following:

sudo yum install -y ruby ruby-devel lua lua-devel luajit \
luajit-devel ctags git python python-devel \
python3 python3-devel tcl-devel \
perl perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-ParseXS \
perl-ExtUtils-XSpp perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder \
perl-ExtUtils-Embed

This step is needed to rectify an issue with how Fedora 20 installs XSubPP:

# symlink xsubpp (perl) from /usr/bin to the perl dir
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/xsubpp /usr/share/perl5/ExtUtils/xsubpp

Remove vim if you have it already.

sudo apt-get remove vim vim-runtime gvim

On Ubuntu 12.04.2 you probably have to remove these packages as well:

sudo apt-get remove vim-tiny vim-common vim-gui-common vim-nox

Once everything is installed, getting the source is easy.

Note: If you are using Python, your config directory might have a machine-specific name (e.g.

config-3.5m-x86_64-linux-gnu

). Check in /usr/lib/python[2/3/3.5] to find yours, and change the

python-config-dir

and/or

python3-config-dir

arguments accordingly.

Note for Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty) users: You can only use Python 2 or Python 3. If you try to compile vim with both

python-config-dir

and

python3-config-dir

, it will give you an error

YouCompleteMe unavailable: requires Vim compiled with Python (2.6+ or 3.3+) support

.

Add/remove the flags below to fit your setup. For example, you can leave out

enable-luainterp

if you don't plan on writing any Lua.

Also, if you're not using vim 8.0, make sure to set the VIMRUNTIMEDIR variable correctly below (for instance, with vim 8.0a, use /usr/share/vim/vim80a). Keep in mind that some vim installations are located directly inside /usr/share/vim; adjust to fit your system:

cd ~
git clone https://github.com/vim/vim.git cd vim
./configure --with-features=huge \
--enable-multibyte \
--enable-rubyinterp=yes \
--enable-pythoninterp=yes \
--with-python-config-dir=/usr/lib/python2.7/config \
--enable-python3interp=yes \
--with-python3-config-dir=/usr/lib/python3.5/config \
--enable-perlinterp=yes \
--enable-luainterp=yes \
--enable-gui=gtk2 \
--enable-cscope \
--prefix=/usr/local
make VIMRUNTIMEDIR=/usr/local/share/vim/vim80

On Ubuntu 16.04, Python support was not working due to enabling both Python2 and Python3. Read answer by chirinosky for workaround.

In practice, Python2 and Python3 are not working at the same time on Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS. Choosing one of them is OK.

If you want to be able to easily uninstall vim use

checkinstall

.

sudo apt-get install checkinstall
cd ~/vim
sudo checkinstall

Otherwise, you can use

make

to install.

cd ~/vim
sudo make install

Set vim as your default editor with

update-alternatives

.

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/editor editor /usr/bin/vim 1
sudo update-alternatives --set editor /usr/bin/vim
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/vi vi /usr/bin/vim 1
sudo update-alternatives --set vi /usr/bin/vim

Double check that you are in fact running the new Vim binary by looking at the output of

vim --version

.

If you don't get gvim working (on ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS), try changing

--enable-gui=gtk2

to

--enable-gui=gnome2

If you have problems, double check that you

configure

d using the correct Python config directory, as noted at the beginning of Step 3.

These

configure

and

make

calls assume a Debian-like distro where Vim's runtime files directory is placed in

/usr/share/vim/vim80/

, which is not Vim's default. Same thing goes for

--prefix=/usr

in the

configure

call. Those values may need to be different with a Linux distro that is not based on Debian. In such a case, try to remove the

--prefix

variable in the

configure

call and the

VIMRUNTIMEDIR

in the

make

call (in other words, go with the defaults).

If you get stuck, here's some other useful information on building Vim.