美赛数模论文之摘要写作

美赛数模论文之摘要写作


摘要：

第一段：写论文解决什么问题

1．问题的重述

a. 介绍重点词开头：

例1："Hand move" irrigation, a cheap but labor-intensive
system used on small farms,
consists of a movable pipe with sprinkler on top that can be attached to a stationary main.

例2:……is a real-life
common phenomenon with many complexities.

例3：An (effective plan) is crucial to………

b. 直接指出问题：

例 1：We find the optimal number
of tollbooths in a highway toll-plaza for a given number of highway lanes: the number of tollbooths that minimizes average delay experienced by cars.

例2：A brand-new university needs to balance the cost of information
technology security measures with the potential cost of attacks on its systems.

例3：We determine the number of
sprinklers to use by analyzing the energy
and motion of water in the pipe
and examining the engineering parameters of sprinklers available in the market.

例4:
After mathematically analyzing the …… problem, our modeling group would like to
present our conclusions, strategies, (and recommendations )to the …….

例5：Our goal is... that
(minimizes the time )……….

 

2．解决这个问题的伟大意义

反面说明。如果没有……

Without implementing defensive measure, the university is exposed to an expected
loss of $8.9 million per year.

3．总的解决概述

a．通过什么方法解决什么问题

例：We address the problem of optimizing amusement park enjoyment
through distributing Quick Passes (QP), reservation slips that ideally allow an individual to
spend less time waiting in line.

b．实际问题转化为数学模型

例1We formulate the problem asa
network flow in whichvertices are the locations of escorts and wheelchair passengers.

例2 :A naïvestrategy would be to employ the
minimum number of escorts to guarantee that all passengers reach their gates on time.

c.将问题分阶段考虑

例3：We divide the jump
into threephases: flying through the air, punching through the stack, and landing on the ground.

第二、三段：具体分析

1．在什么模型中/
建立了什么模型

a. 主流模型

例1：We formulate a differentialmodel
toaccount forthe rates of change of these uses, and
how this change would affectthe overall consumption of water within the studied region.

例2:We
examined the mathematical effects of…….
We developed a detailed …… (simulation methodology) to test our ideas and to quantify the differences between (among) different …… (strategies).

例3：Based on (write your basis .such as the theory of supply and demand), we
establish a model (such as differential equation system that includes demand, supply).

例4：To (write the aims), we establish a criterion (write the criterion).

b. 模型非主流

例5：We build a model to determine how to lay out the pipe each time the equipment
is moved.

例6：We determine …………

例7：We build a model to determine……….

例8：We formulate a model for………By analyzing …and
examining…..

 

2．分析模型（使用什么数据，怎么做，一般三句话）

a. 写历史数据

例1：Using historical data from the United States,
we determine initial conditions for our model.

b. 写计算机模拟

例1：this model leads to a computer simulation of
catch-can tests of the irrigation system and ……

例2:Software packing reaches………by calculating and comparing………..

c. 运用数据模拟

例1：to ground this model in reality, we incorporateextensive
demographic data and run……

例2：We
fit the modified model to data (such as 1970-2003.). We
conclude that (write the last conclude).

d. 讲详细分析

例1：We physically characterize the system that…

例2：We
provide a strategy (write the logical strategy).

例3：The …model is (efficient, intuitive, and flexible) and could
be applied to…

例4：To
meet the needs of people today without, we
establish a criterion of rational(合理的标准) oil allocation(分配).

3．总结该模型的结果/得到什么结论

a. 说明不是最优但能产生作用

例：We show that this strategy is not optimal but can be improved by assigning different numbers……

b. 说明如果用这个模型，结果如何

例1：If Delta Airlines
were to utilize the naïve strategy at Atlanta International Airport,
the cost would be ……

例2：We modify the model to reflect (some trend such as exponentially increasing……) and generalize the model to (other field).

例3：Our results
are summarized in the formula
for the optimal number Bof tollbooths for

c．通过其上情况的列举得到的结论

例：For various situations, we propose an optimal solution.

d. 得出了结论

例1：we elicit that a conclusion.

例2：We
conclude with a series of recommendations for how best to…

e.进一步说明其他因素对模型的影响

例：In addition to the model, we also discuss policies for …..

f.用真实数据检验模型

例:To demonstrate how our model works, we apply it to ………..

最后一段：写总的结论

a. 说明结论的可行性

例：Our suggested solution, which is easy to implement, includes a detailed
timetable and the arrangement of pipes.

b.说明算法的广泛性

例1：Our algorithm is broad enough to accommodate various
airport concourses, flight schedules, and flight delays.

例2：Our analysis began by determining what factor impact……,
Our conclusions are presented……

c.说明模型可用于其他领域

例：Since our model is based on…… it can be applied to (other domain).

其他（承上启下的连接词/常用词组）

例:In addition to the model, we also discuss……

引言部分

（1）回顾研究背景，常用词汇有review, summarize, present, outline, describe等

（2）说明写作目的，常用词汇有purpose, attempt, aim等，另外还可以用动词不定式充当目的状语来表达

（3）介绍论文的重点内容或研究范围，常用词汇有study, present, include, focus, emphasize, emphasis, attention等

方法部分

（1）介绍研究或试验过程，常用词汇有test study, investigate, examine, experiment, discuss, consider, analyze,
analysis等

（2）说明研究或试验方法，常用词汇有measure, estimate, calculate等

（3）介绍应用、用途，常用词汇有等

结果部分

（1）展示研究结果，常用词汇有show, result, present等

（2）介绍结论，常用词汇有summary, introduce, conclude等

讨论部分

（1）陈述论文的论点和作者的观点，常用词汇有suggest, repot, present, expect, describe等

（2）说明论证，常用词汇有等support, provide, indicate, identify, find, demonstrate, confirm,
clarify

（3）推荐和建议，常用词汇有suggest, suggestion, recommend, recommendation, propose, necessity, necessary,
expect等。

摘要中常用的词语汇：

critical 至关重要的

algorithm 运算法则

a method of evaluating 评价方法

appropriate 近似的

consider 考虑

configurations 布局

optimal 统一的

maximize 使…最大化

strategy 策略

parameter 参数，主要的决定因素

accuracy 精确性

strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点

contact 相关的

contract 建立，构造

calculate 计算

establish 建立

formula 公式

modify 改进

rational 合理的

countermeasure 对策

criterion 标准，准则