How to disable SSL certificate checking with Spring RestTemplate?(使用resttemplate访问https时禁用证书检查)

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23504819/how-to-disable-ssl-certificate-checking-with-spring-resttemplate

*****************************************************************************************************

I am trying to write an integration test where our test launches an embedded HTTPS server using

Simple. I
created a self-signed certificate using

keytool

and am able to access the server using a browser (specifically Chrome, and I do get a warning about the self-signed certificate).

However, when I try to connect using
Spring RestTemplate, I get a
ResourceAccessException:

org.springframework.web.client.ResourceAccessException: I/O error on GET request for "https://localhost:8088":sun.security.validator.
ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException:
unable to find valid certification path to requested target;
nested exception is javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException:
PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.doExecute(RestTemplate.java:557)
at org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.execute(RestTemplate.java:502)
at org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.exchange(RestTemplate.java:444)
at net.initech.DummySslServer.shouldConnect(DummySslServer.java:119)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:160)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:74)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:211)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:67)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:134)
Caused by: javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:192)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(SSLSocketImpl.java:1917)
at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:301)
at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:295)
at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:1369)
at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(ClientHandshaker.java:156)
at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Handshaker.java:925)
at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Handshaker.java:860)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:1043)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1343)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1371)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1355)
at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.afterConnect(HttpsClient.java:563)
at sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.connect(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:185)
at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.connect(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:153)
at org.springframework.http.client.SimpleBufferingClientHttpRequest.executeInternal(SimpleBufferingClientHttpRequest.java:78)
at org.springframework.http.client.AbstractBufferingClientHttpRequest.executeInternal(AbstractBufferingClientHttpRequest.java:48)
at org.springframework.http.client.AbstractClientHttpRequest.execute(AbstractClientHttpRequest.java:52)
at org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate.doExecute(RestTemplate.java:541)
... 33 more
Caused by: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:387)
at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.engineValidate(PKIXValidator.java:292)
at sun.security.validator.Validator.validate(Validator.java:260)
at sun.security.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.validate(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:324)
at sun.security.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkTrusted(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:229)
at sun.security.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:124)
at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:1351)
... 47 more
Caused by: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.build(SunCertPathBuilder.java:145)
at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild(SunCertPathBuilder.java:131)
at java.security.cert.CertPathBuilder.build(CertPathBuilder.java:280)
at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:382)
... 53 more

From
other questions and
blog
posts I've seen the advice to replace the

HostnameVerifier

with something like
private static final HostnameVerifier PROMISCUOUS_VERIFIER = ( s, sslSession ) -> true;

And I've set it both globally and on the

RestTemplate

itself:
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier( PROMISCUOUS_VERIFIER );..and on the

RestTemplate

itself:
final RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
restTemplate.setRequestFactory( new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory() {
@Override
protected void prepareConnection(HttpURLConnection connection, String httpMethod) throws IOException {
if(connection instanceof HttpsURLConnection ){
((HttpsURLConnection) connection).setHostnameVerifier(PROMISCUOUS_VERIFIER);
}
super.prepareConnection(connection, httpMethod);
}
});
Yet, I am still getting the above error. How can I get around it?

Installing the certificate locally outside of the unit test is not an option as then it would need to get installed manually on every dev machine and build server and would cause an avalanche of red tape.
We need SSL since we are testing a library that sits on top of

RestTemplate

and that we are configuring it correctly.
I am using Java 8 (but could use 7) and Spring 4.0.3 .

answer1:
I wish I still had a link to the source that lead me in this direction, but this is the code that ended up working for me. By looking over the JavaDoc for

X509TrustManager it looks like the way the

TrustManager

s work is by returning nothing on successful validation, otherwise throwing an exception. Thus, with a

null implementation, it is treated as a successful validation. Then you remove all other implementations.

import javax.net.ssl.*;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

public final class SSLUtil{

private static final TrustManager[] UNQUESTIONING_TRUST_MANAGER = new TrustManager[]{
new X509TrustManager() {
public j
119f8
ava.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers(){
return null;
}
public void checkClientTrusted( X509Certificate[] certs, String authType ){}
public void checkServerTrusted( X509Certificate[] certs, String authType ){}
}
};

public static void turnOffSslChecking() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {
// Install the all-trusting trust manager
final SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sc.init( null, UNQUESTIONING_TRUST_MANAGER, null );
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
}

public static void turnOnSslChecking() throws KeyManagementException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {
// Return it to the initial state (discovered by reflection, now hardcoded)
SSLContext.getInstance("SSL").init( null, null, null );
}

private SSLUtil(){
throw new UnsupportedOperationException( "Do not instantiate libraries.");
}
}answer2:
You can also register your keystore :

private void registerKeyStore(String keyStoreName) {
try {
ClassLoader classLoader = this.getClass().getClassLoader();
InputStream keyStoreInputStream = classLoader.getResourceAsStream(keyStoreName);
if (keyStoreInputStream == null) {
throw new FileNotFoundException("Could not find file named '" + keyStoreName + "' in the CLASSPATH");
}

//load the keystore
KeyStore keystore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
keystore.load(keyStoreInputStream, null);

//add to known keystore
TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
trustManagerFactory.init(keystore);

//default SSL connections are initialized with the keystore above
TrustManager[] trustManagers = trustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers();
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sc.init(null, trustManagers, null);
SSLContext.setDefault(sc);
} catch (IOException | GeneralSecurityException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}answer3:
Here's a solution where security checking is disabled (for example, conversing with the localhost) Also, some of the solutions I've seen now contain deprecated methods and such.

/**
* @param configFilePath
* @param ipAddress
* @param userId
* @param password
* @throws MalformedURLException
*/
public Upgrade(String aConfigFilePath, String ipAddress, String userId, String password) {
configFilePath = aConfigFilePath;
baseUri = "https://" + ipAddress + ":" + PORT + "/";

restTemplate = new RestTemplate(createSecureTransport(userId, password, ipAddress, PORT));
restTemplate.getMessageConverters().add(new MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter());
restTemplate.getMessageConverters().add(new StringHttpMessageConverter());
}

ClientHttpRequestFactory createSecureTransport(String username,
String password, String host, int port) {
HostnameVerifier nullHostnameVerifier = new HostnameVerifier() {
public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
return true;
}
};
UsernamePasswordCredentials credentials = new UsernamePasswordCredentials(username, password);
CredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
credentialsProvider.setCredentials(
new AuthScope(AuthScope.ANY_HOST, AuthScope.ANY_PORT, AuthScope.ANY_REALM), credentials);

HttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create()
.setSSLHostnameVerifier(nullHostnameVerifier)
.setSSLContext(createContext())
.setDefaultCredentialsProvider(credentialsProvider).build();

HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory =
new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(client);

return requestFactory;
}

private SSLContext createContext() {
TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[] { new X509TrustManager() {
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}

public void checkClientTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}

public void checkServerTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) {
}
} };

try {
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, null);
SSLContext.setDefault(sc);
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {
public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
return true;
}
});
return sc;

} catch (Exception e) {
}
return null;
}
answer4(可以工作:):

For the sake of other developers who finds this question and need another solution that fits not only for unit-tests:

I've found
this on a blog (not my solution! Credit to the blog's owner).

TrustStrategy acceptingTrustStrategy = (X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) -> true;

SSLContext sslContext = org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContexts.custom()
.loadTrustMaterial(null, acceptingTrustStrategy)
.build();

SSLConnectionSocketFactory csf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext);

CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
.setSSLSocketFactory(csf)
.build();

HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory =
new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory();

requestFactory.setHttpClient(httpClient);

RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(requestFactory);

answer5:

Disabling certificate checking is the wrong solution, and radically insecure.

The correct solution is to import the self-signed certificate into your truststore. An even more correct solution is to get the certificate signed by a CA.

If this is 'only for testing' it is still necessary to test the production configuration. Testing something else isn't a test at all, it's just a waste of time.