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【Java】使用Apache POI生成和解析Excel文件

2017-08-10 16:30 501 查看
原文 http://www.cnblogs.com/h--d/p/6735110.html


概述

  Excel是我们平时工作中比较常用的用于存储二维表数据的,JAVA也可以直接对Excel进行操作,分别有jxl和poi,2种方式。

  HSSF is the POI Project's pure Java implementation of the Excel '97(-2007) file format. XSSF is the POI Project's pure Java implementation of the Excel 2007 OOXML (.xlsx) file format.

  从官方文档中了解到:POI提供的HSSF包用于操作 Excel '97(-2007)的.xls文件,而XSSF包则用于操作Excel2007之后的.xslx文件。

  本片文章主要参考poi官网:http://poi.apache.org/index.html


代码

   要使用poi,必须引入poi的jar包,maven依赖如下:

1 <dependency>
2     <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
3     <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
4     <version>3.14</version>
5 </dependency>
6
7 <dependency>
8     <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
9     <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
10     <version>3.14</version>
11 </dependency>
12 <dependency>
13     <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
14     <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
15     <version>3.14</version>
16 </dependency>


  使用poi创建execl文件

1 package test.hd.poi;
2
3 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
4 import java.io.IOException;
5 import java.util.Date;
6
7 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
8 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
9 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
10 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
11 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.ClientAnchor;
12 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Comment;
13 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CreationHelper;
14 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataFormat;
15 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Drawing;
16 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;
17 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.RichTextString;
18 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
19 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
20 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
21 import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
22
23 public class CreateExcel {
24
25     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
26         Workbook[] wbs = new Workbook[] { new HSSFWorkbook(), new XSSFWorkbook() };
27         for (int i = 0; i < wbs.length; i++) {
28             Workbook workbook = wbs[i];
29             // 得到一个POI的工具类
30             CreationHelper createHelper = workbook.getCreationHelper();
31
32             // 在Excel工作簿中建一工作表,其名为缺省值, 也可以指定Sheet名称
33             Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
34             // Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("SheetName");
35
36             // 用于格式化单元格的数据
37             DataFormat format = workbook.createDataFormat();
38
39             // 设置字体
40             Font font = workbook.createFont();
41             font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 20); // 字体高度
42             font.setColor(Font.COLOR_RED); // 字体颜色
43             font.setFontName("黑体"); // 字体
44             font.setBoldweight(Font.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD); // 宽度
45             font.setItalic(true); // 是否使用斜体
46             // font.setStrikeout(true); //是否使用划线
47
48             // 设置单元格类型
49             CellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
50             cellStyle.setFont(font);
51             cellStyle.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 水平布局:居中
52             cellStyle.setWrapText(true);
53
54             CellStyle cellStyle2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
55             cellStyle2.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("#, ## 0.0"));
56
57             CellStyle cellStyle3 = workbook.createCellStyle();
58             cellStyle3.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
59
60             // 添加单元格注释
61             // 创建Drawing对象,Drawing是所有注释的容器.
62             Drawing drawing = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
63             // ClientAnchor是附属在WorkSheet上的一个对象, 其固定在一个单元格的左上角和右下角.
64             ClientAnchor anchor = createHelper.createClientAnchor();
65             // 设置注释位子
66             anchor.setRow1(0);
67             anchor.setRow2(2);
68             anchor.setCol1(0);
69             anchor.setCol2(2);
70             // 定义注释的大小和位置,详见文档
71             Comment comment = drawing.createCellComment(anchor);
72             // 设置注释内容
73             RichTextString str = createHelper.createRichTextString("Hello, World!");
74             comment.setString(str);
75             // 设置注释作者. 当鼠标移动到单元格上是可以在状态栏中看到该内容.
76             comment.setAuthor("H__D");
77
78             // 定义几行
79             for (int rownum = 0; rownum < 30; rownum++) {
80                 // 创建行
81                 Row row = sheet.createRow(rownum);
82                 // 创建单元格
83                 Cell cell = row.createCell((short) 1);
84                 cell.setCellValue(createHelper.createRichTextString("Hello!" + rownum));// 设置单元格内容
85                 cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);// 设置单元格样式
86                 cell.setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);// 指定单元格格式:数值、公式或字符串
87                 cell.setCellComment(comment);// 添加注释
88
89                 // 格式化数据
90                 Cell cell2 = row.createCell((short) 2);
91                 cell2.setCellValue(11111.25);
92                 cell2.setCellStyle(cellStyle2);
93
94                 Cell cell3 = row.createCell((short) 3);
95                 cell3.setCellValue(new Date());
96                 cell3.setCellStyle(cellStyle3);
97
98                 sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 0); // 调整第一列宽度
99                 sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 1); // 调整第二列宽度
100                 sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 2); // 调整第三列宽度
101                 sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 3); // 调整第四列宽度
102
103             }
104
105             // 合并单元格
106             sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(1, // 第一行(0)
107                     2, // last row(0-based)
108                     1, // 第一列(基于0)
109                     2 // 最后一列(基于0)
110             ));
111
112             // 保存
113             String filename = "C:/Users/H__D/Desktop/workbook.xls";
114             if (workbook instanceof XSSFWorkbook) {
115                 filename = filename + "x";
116             }
117
118             FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(filename);
119             workbook.write(out);
120             out.close();
121         }
122     }
123
124 }


 

使用poi修改execl文件

1 package test.hd.poi;
2
3 import java.io.FileInputStream;
4 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
5 import java.io.IOException;
6 import java.io.InputStream;
7
8 import org.apache.poi.EncryptedDocumentException;
9 import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
10 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
11 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
12 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
13 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
14 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;
15
16
17
18 public class UpdateExcel {
19
20     public static void main(String[] args) throws EncryptedDocumentException, InvalidFormatException, IOException {
21
22         InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("C:/Users/H__D/Desktop/workbook.xls");
23         //InputStream inp = new FileInputStream("workbook.xlsx");
24
25         Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream);
26         Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
27         Row row = sheet.getRow(2);
28         Cell cell = row.getCell(3);
29         if (cell == null)
30             cell = row.createCell(3);
31         cell.setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
32         cell.setCellValue("a test");
33
34         // Write the output to a file
35         FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("C:/Users/H__D/Desktop/workbook.xls");
36         workbook.write(fileOut);
37         fileOut.close();
38
39     }
40
41 }


 

使用poi解析excel文件

1 package test.hd.poi;
2
3 import java.io.FileInputStream;
4 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
5 import java.io.IOException;
6 import java.io.InputStream;
7
8 import org.apache.poi.EncryptedDocumentException;
9 import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
10 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
11 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataFormatter;
12 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DateUtil;
13 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
14 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
15 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
16 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;
17 import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellReference;
18
19 import com.microsoft.schemas.office.visio.x2012.main.CellType;
20
21
22
23 public class ReadExcel {
24
25     public static void main(String[] args) throws EncryptedDocumentException, InvalidFormatException, IOException {
26
27         InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("C:/Users/H__D/Desktop/workbook.xls");
28         //InputStream inp = new FileInputStream("C:/Users/H__D/Desktop/workbook.xls");
29
30         Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(inputStream);
31         Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
32
33         DataFormatter formatter = new DataFormatter();
34         for (Row row : sheet) {
35             for (Cell cell : row) {
36                 CellReference cellRef = new CellReference(row.getRowNum(), cell.getColumnIndex());
37                 //单元格名称
38                 System.out.print(cellRef.formatAsString());
39                 System.out.print(" - ");
40
41                 //通过获取单元格值并应用任何数据格式(Date,0.00,1.23e9,$ 1.23等),获取单元格中显示的文本
42                 String text = formatter.formatCellValue(cell);
43                 System.out.println(text);
44
45                  //获取值并自己格式化
46                 switch (cell.getCellType()) {
47                     case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:// 字符串型
48                         System.out.println(cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString());
49                         break;
50                     case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:// 数值型
51                         if (DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) { // 如果是date类型则 ,获取该cell的date值
52                             System.out.println(cell.getDateCellValue());
53                         } else {// 纯数字
54                             System.out.println(cell.getNumericCellValue());
55                         }
56                         break;
57                     case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:// 布尔
58                         System.out.println(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
59                         break;
60                     case Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:// 公式型
61                         System.out.println(cell.getCellFormula());
62                         break;
63                     case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:// 空值
64                         System.out.println();
65                         break;
66                     case Cell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR: // 故障
67                         System.out.println();
68                         break;
69                     default:
70                         System.out.println();
71                 }
72             }
73         }
74
75     }
76
77 }

http://www.cnblogs.com/h--d/p/6735110.html
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