长难句杂记(持续更新)

1.

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If you’re convinced your plane seat gets smaller with each vacation, that your cramped knees and crushed hips are not just a function of your expanding girth, that you’re being gradually and intentionally squished bit-by-bit like a slowly boiled frog as airlines cram ever more chairs into their fuselages at the expense of the people between them, then — good news!

cramp 束缚

crush 压碎；挤

hip 臀部

expanding

girth 围长；腰围

intentionally

squish 压扁

bit-by-bit

airline 航空公司

cram 填满

ever more 这里是“更多”的意思

fuselage [‘fjuːzəlɑːʒ; -lɪdʒ] [航] 机身（飞机）

at the expense of 以……为代价

切分句子成分：

If you're convinced ...状语从句

(that) your plane seat gets smaller with each vacation表语

that your cramped knees and crushed hips are not just a function of your expanding girth表语

that you’re being gradually and intentionally squished bit-by-bit like a slowly boiled frog表语

as airlines cram ever more chairs into their fuselages at the expense of the people between them伴随状语从句

2.

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After a controversial memo by a Google engineer about diversity programs at the company and gender differences went viral over the weekend, sparking an explosive reaction on social media, the search giant did not dispute media reports late Monday that the employee had been fired.

controversial 有争议的；有争论的

memo n. 备忘录

diversity programs

(diversity)n. 多样性；差异

gender differences

went viral (go viral) 疯狂传播 , 像病毒般扩散

sparking

the search giant

dispute 辩论；争吵

3.

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Managing extreme old age – the prince is 96 – is a new challenge for the monarchy, but only one of many that this extraodinary institution now has to confront. It is doing so with the kind of professionalism that has also become typical since its hold on popular esteem seemed genuinely challenged in the dark days between the row over the taxpayer paying for the 1992 Windsor Castle fire and the death of Princess Diana five years later.

monarchy [‘mɒnəkɪ]

n.

君主政体；君主国；君主政治

confront vt. 面对；遭遇；比较

it is doing so 它是这样做的

professionalism [prə’feʃ(ə)n(ə)lɪz(ə)m] 职业精神

esteem

n.&vt.

尊重；尊敬

genuinely

adv.

真诚地；诚实地

row 争吵

tapayer

4.

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When people shopped in a green (versus conventional) simulated online store, they felt like they’d done their good deed for the day and were more likely to cheat or steal in a subsequent task—an effect psychologists call “moral licensing”. Similarly, getting weekly feedback on water consumption reduced people’s water use by 6 percent, but it increased their electricity use by 5.6 percent—as if they felt that being careful in one area entitled them to relax in another.

versus [‘vɜːsəs]

prep.

对；与…相对；对抗

conventional

adj.

符合习俗的，传统的；常见的；惯例的

simulated

subsequent

psychologists

moral

similarly

feedback 反馈；成果，资料；回复

consumption 消费；消耗；肺痨

entitled (entitle) 给…称号；使…有权利

5.

(来自何凯文每日一句）

It’s a rough world out there. Step outside and you could break a leg slipping on

your doormat. Light up the stove and you could burn down the house. Luckily, if

the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit

might compensate you for your troubles. Or so the thinking has gone since the

early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their

customers’ misfortunes.

51.What were things like in 1980s when accidents happened?

[A] Customers might be relieved of their disasters through lawsuits.

Injured customers could expect protection from the legal system.

[C] Companies would avoid being sued by providing new warnings.

[D] Juries tended to find fault with the compensations companies promised.

doormat

lawsuit

compensate

juries

holding (hold) 持有 (观点或信念等)

liable

misfortunes

1 It’s a rough world out there.

外面的世界很残酷；

2 Step outside and you could break a leg slipping on your doormat.

一出门，你可能在门垫上滑倒，摔断了腿；

3 Light up the stove and you could burn down the house.

一给炉子生火，你可能会把房子给烧了。

前三句话做了一个引入；

4 Luckily, if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles.

幸运的是，如果门垫或者火炉没有警告即将到来的灾难，一场成功的诉讼可能会对你的麻烦做出赔偿。

5 Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes.

这句话是重点，因为题干有很明显的定位词”1980s”

[b]句法分析：

句子主干：

Or so the thinking has gone （since the early 1980s状语）

这里的or = and

So 用法你应该见过：

“确实是这样”，表示对前面陈述事实的强调，

结构为so+主语+助动词/情态动词/系动词

例句：

Tony works very hard at all the subjects. So he does.

这里的has gone 就是系动词= has been;

The food has gone bad. = The food has been bad.

所以主干变成大家能读懂的样子就是：

And the thinking has been so since the early 1980s

从1980年代以来人们的想法就是这样的了！

（所以第四句就是答案来源句！）

再来看一下这个状语从句：

when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes.

那时候陪审团开始认为(holding)更多的公司应该为他们消费者的不幸负责（liable for）。

6.

They aim to stimulate the cords precisely where they aren’t coming together properly, and to break students out of the bad habits that cause problems in the first place: taking big gulps of air,tensing the throat and jaw muscles, forcing the mouth to open to exaggerated proportions, and the urge to scream out the high notes.

词汇突破：

stimulate 刺激 （昨天的是simulate）

cords 声带

precisely 准确地

dulp 大口吸气

jaw 下巴

exaggerate 夸张

notes音节音符

确定主干：

They aim to stimulate the cords precisely and to break students out of the bad habits

（

grow out of the bad habit

:改掉坏习惯）

切分成分：

1.where they aren’t coming together properly

地点状语从句

2.that cause problems in the first place

定语从句

列举：

3.taking big gulps of air habits

4.tensing the throat and jaw muscles habits

5.forcing the mouth to open to exaggerated proportions habits

6.and the urge to scream out the high notes habits

参考译文：他们的目标是准确刺激声带中未正常聚拢的地方，并让学生打破首先导致问题的坏习惯：大口吸气，紧绷喉咙和颚肌，强迫嘴巴张到夸张的程度，以及尖叫出高音的冲动。

7.

The technology, developed by Stratics Networks, allows messages to be delivered directly to voice mail without ringing through–a practice that will inevitably clog up landline inboxes and gobble up expensive cellphone data.

The company argued in a recent petition to the Federal Communications Commission that ringless voice mails don’t amount to actual phone calls and thus should be exempt from the venerable Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991.

ringing through

practice

inevitably

[ɪ'nevɪtəblɪ; ɪn'evɪtəblɪ]

adv. 不可避免地；必然地

clog up 堵塞

landline 陆上运输；地上通讯线；输送路线

gobble

gobble up狼吞虎咽；贪婪地抓住

petition 请愿

amount to 相当于，总计为

exempt

[ɪg'zem(p)t; eg-]

n. 免税者；被免除义务者

adj. 被免除的；被豁免的

vt. 免除；豁免

venerable

['ven(ə)rəb(ə)l]

庄严的，值得尊敬的；珍贵的

8.

Tax policy would gain momentum, if Republicans can pass a health law that repeals parts of former President Barck Obama’s Affordable Care Act and cuts hundreds of billions of dollars in taxes that wouldn’t have to be addressed as part of a tax plan.

momentum

[mə'mentəm]

n. 势头；[物] 动量；动力；冲力

Republicans

pass

repeals

former

Affordable Care Act

addressed

address v.处理