Openstack之cinder磁盘挂载

参考：http://happylab.blog.51cto.com/1730296/1736562/

1.概述

openstack的cinder项目负责volume的服务，即虚拟机的外挂存储，cinder作为管理存储的工具，可以支持LVM，glusterfs，ceph，sleepdog等开源的存储方案，同时也提供了对HP，IBM，huawei等商业存储的支持，配置完cinder之后，即可对虚拟机分配存储空间，如下给虚拟机分配cinder存储空间为例，讲述cinder的使用方法。

2.磁盘挂载

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[root@controller~]#novalist|grep10.16.6.52 |1809ae2e-7e29-4203-930b-494de426bf8e|Dev_20151201_01|ACTIVE|-|Running|vmPrivate=10.16.6.52|ChuangYiYuan_10_16_2_13| [root@controller~]#cindercreate--display-name"storage_10.16.6.52"20#划分一个20G的磁盘 +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ |Property|Value| +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ |attachments|[]| |availability_zone|nova| |bootable|false| |created_at|2016-01-19T08:58:29.819663| |display_description|None| |display_name|storage_10.16.6.52| |encrypted|False| |id|e5ef5ad4-ddc4-4675-95bf-726473c4c62d|#获取cinder-volume的id号码，用于和instance关联 |metadata|{}| |size|20| |snapshot_id|None| |source_volid|None| |status|creating| |volume_type|None| +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ 将cinder和虚拟机关联 [root@controller~]#novavolume-attach1809ae2e-7e29-4203-930b-494de426bf8ee5ef5ad4-ddc4-4675-95bf-726473c4c62d +----------+--------------------------------------+ |Property|Value| +----------+--------------------------------------+ |device|/dev/vdc|#虚拟机将会识别为vdc设备 |id|e5ef5ad4-ddc4-4675-95bf-726473c4c62d| |serverId|1809ae2e-7e29-4203-930b-494de426bf8e| |volumeId|e5ef5ad4-ddc4-4675-95bf-726473c4c62d| +----------+--------------------------------------+ 查看cinder的情况 [root@controller~]#cindershowe5ef5ad4-ddc4-4675-95bf-726473c4c62d +--------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |Property|Value| +--------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |attachments|[{u'device':u'/dev/vdc',u'server_id':u'1809ae2e-7e29-4203-930b-494de426bf8e',u'id':u'e5ef5ad4-ddc4-4675-95bf-726473c4c62d',u'host_name':None,u'volume_id':u'e5ef5ad4-ddc4-4675-95bf-726473c4c62d'}]| |availability_zone|nova| |bootable|false| |created_at|2016-01-19T08:58:29.000000| |display_description|None| |display_name|storage_10.16.6.52| |encrypted|False| |id|e5ef5ad4-ddc4-4675-95bf-726473c4c62d| |metadata|{u'readonly':u'False',u'attached_mode':u'rw'}| |os-vol-host-attr:host|ChuangYiYuan_10_16_2_7| |os-vol-mig-status-attr:migstat|None| |os-vol-mig-status-attr:name_id|None| |os-vol-tenant-attr:tenant_id|842ab3268a2c47e6a4b0d8774de805ae| |size|20| |snapshot_id|None| |source_volid|None| |status|in-use| |volume_type|None| +--------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

3.格式化磁盘

查看系统识别的disk

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[root@localhost~]#ipaddr 1:lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu16436qdiscnoqueuestateUNKNOWN link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:00 inet127.0.0.1/8scopehostlo 2:eth0:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPqlen1000 link/etherfa:16:3e:d5:e1:4ebrdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet10.16.6.52/23brd10.16.7.255scopeglobaleth0 [root@localhost~]#dmesg|tail-10 pci0000:00:07.0:usingdefaultPCIsettings virtio-pci0000:00:07.0:enablingdevice(0000->0003) virtio-pci0000:00:07.0:PCIINTA->Link[LNKC]->GSI10(level,high)->IRQ10 allocirq_descfor31onnode-1 allockstat_irqsonnode-1 virtio-pci0000:00:07.0:irq31forMSI/MSI-X allocirq_descfor32onnode-1 allockstat_irqsonnode-1 virtio-pci0000:00:07.0:irq32forMSI/MSI-X vdc:unknownpartitiontable#磁盘识别为vdc

2.分区与格式化

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[root@Dev_10_16_6_52~]#fdisk/dev/vdc#磁盘分区 DevicecontainsneitheravalidDOSpartitiontable,norSun,SGIorOSFdisklabel BuildinganewDOSdisklabelwithdiskidentifier0x115a4ff3. Changeswillremaininmemoryonly,untilyoudecidetowritethem. Afterthat,ofcourse,thepreviouscontentwon'tberecoverable. Warning:invalidflag0x0000ofpartitiontable4willbecorrectedbyw(rite) Command(mforhelp):n Commandaction eextended pprimarypartition(1-4) p Partitionnumber(1-4):1 Firstsector(2048-41943039,default2048): Usingdefaultvalue2048 Lastsector,+sectorsor+size{K,M,G}(2048-41943039,default41943039): Usingdefaultvalue41943039 Command(mforhelp):w Thepartitiontablehasbeenaltered! Callingioctl()tore-readpartitiontable. Syncingdisks. [root@Dev_10_16_6_52~]#partprobe/dev/vdc [root@Dev_10_16_6_52~]#mkfs.ext4/dev/vdc1#格式化 mke2fs1.41.12(17-May-2010) Filesystemlabel= OStype:Linux Blocksize=4096(log=2) Fragmentsize=4096(log=2) Stride=0blocks,Stripewidth=0blocks 1310720inodes,5242624blocks 262131blocks(5.00%)reservedforthesuperuser Firstdatablock=0 Maximumfilesystemblocks=4294967296 160blockgroups 32768blockspergroup,32768fragmentspergroup 8192inodespergroup Superblockbackupsstoredonblocks: 32768,98304,163840,229376,294912,819200,884736,1605632,2654208, 4096000 Writinginodetables:done Creatingjournal(32768blocks):done Writingsuperblocksandfilesystemaccountinginformation:done Thisfilesystemwillbeautomaticallycheckedevery38mountsor 180days,whichevercomesfirst.Usetune2fs-cor-itooverride.

3.挂载使用

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[root@localhost~]#mkdir/data2 [root@localhost~]#mount/dev/vdc1/data2/ [root@localhost~]#df-h/data2/ FilesystemSizeUsedAvailUse%Mountedon /dev/vdc120G172M19G1%/data2

4.总结

cinder作为一种外挂的存储，在openstack中用于数据存储有非常关键的作用，并且在openstack中，使用cinder非常方便，创建和关联，轻松就可以实现任意大小磁盘的分配，实现高效的管理。

5.附录

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[root@controller~]#cinder-h usage:cinder[--version][--debug][--os-username<auth-user-name>] [--os-password<auth-password>] [--os-tenant-name<auth-tenant-name>] [--os-tenant-id<auth-tenant-id>][--os-auth-url<auth-url>] [--os-region-name<region-name>] [--os-auth-system<auth-system>][--service-type<service-type>] [--service-name<service-name>] [--volume-service-name<volume-service-name>] [--endpoint-type<endpoint-type>] [--os-volume-api-version<volume-api-ver>] [--os-cacert<ca-certificate>][--retries<retries>] <subcommand>... Command-lineinterfacetotheOpenStackCinderAPI. Positionalarguments: <subcommand> absolute-limitsPrintalistofabsolutelimitsforauser availability-zone-list Listalltheavailabilityzones. backup-createCreatesabackup.#备份相关 backup-deleteRemoveabackup. backup-listListallthebackups. backup-restoreRestoreabackup. backup-showShowdetailsaboutabackup. createAddanewvolume. credentialsShowusercredentialsreturnedfromauth. deleteRemovevolume(s). encryption-type-create#加密盘相关 Createanewencryptiontypeforavolumetype(Admin Only). encryption-type-delete Deletetheencryptiontypeforavolumetype(Admin Only). encryption-type-list Listencryptiontypeinformationforallvolumetypes (AdminOnly). encryption-type-show Showtheencryptiontypeinformationforavolumetype (AdminOnly). endpointsDiscoverendpointsthatgetreturnedfromthe authenticateservices. extendAttempttoextendthesizeofanexistingvolume. extra-specs-listPrintalistofcurrent'volumetypesandextraspecs' (AdminOnly). force-deleteAttemptforcedremovalofvolume(s),regardlessofthe state(s). listListallthevolumes. metadataSetorDeletemetadataonavolume. metadata-showShowmetadataofgivenvolume. metadata-update-all Updateallmetadataofavolume. migrateMigratethevolumetothenewhost.#qos相关 qos-associateAssociateqosspecswithspecificvolumetype. qos-createCreateanewqosspecs. qos-deleteDeleteaspecificqosspecs. qos-disassociateDisassociateqosspecsfromspecificvolumetype. qos-disassociate-all Disassociateqosspecsfromallofitsassociations. qos-get-association Getallassociationsofspecificqosspecs. qos-keySetorunsetspecificationsforaqosspec. qos-listGetfulllistofqosspecs. qos-showGetaspecificqosspecs. quota-class-showListthequotasforaquotaclass.#磁盘配额相关 quota-class-updateUpdatethequotasforaquotaclass. quota-defaultsListthedefaultquotasforatenant. quota-deleteDeletethequotasforatenant. quota-showListthequotasforatenant. quota-updateUpdatethequotasforatenant. quota-usageListthequotausageforatenant. rate-limitsPrintalistofratelimitsforauser readonly-mode-update Updatevolumeread-onlyaccessmoderead_only. renameRenameavolume. reset-stateExplicitlyupdatethestateofavolume.#服务管理相关 service-disableDisabletheservice. service-enableEnabletheservice. service-listListalltheservices.Filterbyhost&service binary. showShowdetailsaboutavolume. snapshot-createAddanewsnapshot.快照相关 snapshot-deleteRemoveoneormoresnapshots. snapshot-listListallthesnapshots. snapshot-metadataSetorDeletemetadataofasnapshot. snapshot-metadata-show Showmetadataofgivensnapshot. snapshot-metadata-update-all Updateallmetadataofasnapshot. snapshot-renameRenameasnapshot. snapshot-reset-state Explicitlyupdatethestateofasnapshot. snapshot-showShowdetailsaboutasnapshot. transfer-acceptAcceptsavolumetransfer. transfer-createCreatesavolumetransfer. transfer-deleteUndoatransfer. transfer-listListallthetransfers. transfer-showShowdetailsaboutatransfer. type-createCreateanewvolumetype.cindertype相关 type-deleteDeleteaspecificvolumetype. type-keySetorunsetextra_specforavolumetype. type-listPrintalistofavailable'volumetypes'. upload-to-imageUploadvolumetoimageserviceasimage. bash-completionPrintargumentsforbash_completion. helpDisplayhelpaboutthisprogramoroneofits subcommands. list-extensionsListalltheos-apiextensionsthatareavailable.