dubbo原理系列1-服务端暴露过程

基础要求：

1 使用dubbo开发过项目

2 了解spring的NamespaceHandler

3 了解一些Netty基本API

Now，进入主题吧。

一般dubbo暴露服务的配置如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd ">
<dubbo:service interface="**.*ExportService" ref="itemExportService" version="${dubbo.version}" timeout="${dubbo.timeout}" />
</beans>

** 处替换成你自己的服务接口完整路径哦。

dubbo的启动完全依赖spring的容器启动，有两种方式触发

1 通过com.alibaba.dubbo.container.Main这个类入口

public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
if (args == null || args.length == 0) {
String config = ConfigUtils.getProperty(CONTAINER_KEY, loader.getDefaultExtensionName());
args = Constants.COMMA_SPLIT_PATTERN.split(config);
}

final List<Container> containers = new ArrayList<Container>();
for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i ++) {
containers.add(loader.getExtension(args[i]));
}
logger.info("Use container type(" + Arrays.toString(args) + ") to run dubbo serivce.");

if ("true".equals(System.getProperty(SHUTDOWN_HOOK_KEY))) {
Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread() {
public void run() {
for (Container container : containers) {
try {
container.stop();
logger.info("Dubbo " + container.getClass().getSimpleName() + " stopped!");
} catch (Throwable t) {
logger.error(t.getMessage(), t);
}
synchronized (Main.class) {
running = false;
Main.class.notify();
}
}
}
});
}

for (Container container : containers) {
container.start();
logger.info("Dubbo " + container.getClass().getSimpleName() + " started!");
}
System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("[yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss]").format(new Date()) + " Dubbo service server started!");
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
System.exit(1);
}
synchronized (Main.class) {
while (running) {
try {
Main.class.wait();
} catch (Throwable e) {
}
}
}
}

Main会执行SpringContainer的start方法

public void start() {
String configPath = ConfigUtils.getProperty(SPRING_CONFIG);
if (configPath == null || configPath.length() == 0) {
configPath = DEFAULT_SPRING_CONFIG;
}
context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(configPath.split("[,\\s]+"));
context.start();
}

可见只是用ClassPathXmlApplicationContext来触发spring容器启动。

故，我们可以推测出另一种方式便是通过WebApplicationContext

2 tomcat触发WebApplicationContext的initWebApplicationContext，从而拉起spring容器

进入重要阶段，容器启动触发dubbo初始化

spring容器启动，触发DubboNamespaceHandler

public void init() {
registerBeanDefinitionParser("application", new DubboBeanDefinitionParser(ApplicationConfig.class, true));
registerBeanDefinitionParser("module", new DubboBeanDefinitionParser(ModuleConfig.class, true));
registerBeanDefinitionParser("registry", new DubboBeanDefinitionParser(RegistryConfig.class, true));
registerBeanDefinitionParser("monitor", new DubboBeanDefinitionParser(MonitorConfig.class, true));
registerBeanDefinitionParser("provider", new DubboBeanDefinitionParser(ProviderConfig.class, true));
registerBeanDefinitionParser("consumer", new DubboBeanDefinitionParser(ConsumerConfig.class, true));
registerBeanDefinitionParser("protocol", new DubboBeanDefinitionParser(ProtocolConfig.class, true));
registerBeanDefinitionParser("service", new DubboBeanDefinitionParser(ServiceBean.class, true));
registerBeanDefinitionParser("reference", new DubboBeanDefinitionParser(ReferenceBean.class, false));
registerBeanDefinitionParser("annotation", new DubboBeanDefinitionParser(AnnotationBean.class, true));
}

注意ServiceBean和AnnotationBean

这两个bean都继承了ServiceConfig，且ServiceBean 实现了ApplicationListener接口,我们知道容器启动时，会触发onApplicationEvent方法

public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {
if (ContextRefreshedEvent.class.getName().equals(event.getClass().getName())) {
if (isDelay() && ! isExported() && ! isUnexported()) {
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("The service ready on spring started. service: " + getInterface());
}
export();
}
}
}

ServiceConfig的export方法

public synchronized void export() {
if (provider != null) {
if (export == null) {
export = provider.getExport();
}
if (delay == null) {
delay = provider.getDelay();
}
}
if (export != null && ! export.booleanValue()) {
return;
}
if (delay != null && delay > 0) {
Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep(delay);
} catch (Throwable e) {
}
doExport();
}
});
thread.setDaemon(true);
thread.setName("DelayExportServiceThread");
thread.start();
} else {
doExport();
}
}
```又调用了ServiceConfig的doExport方法，doExport调用doExportUrls，doExportUrls调用doExportUrlsFor1Protocol
，doExportUrlsFor1Protocol有如下代码片段

<div class="se-preview-section-delimiter"></div>

```java
if (! Constants.SCOPE_LOCAL.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(scope) ){
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Export dubbo service " + interfaceClass.getName() + " to url " + url);
}
if (registryURLs != null && registryURLs.size() > 0
&& url.getParameter("register", true)) {
for (URL registryURL : registryURLs) {
url = url.addParameterIfAbsent("dynamic", registryURL.getParameter("dynamic"));
URL monitorUrl = loadMonitor(registryURL);
if (monitorUrl != null) {
url = url.addParameterAndEncoded(Constants.MONITOR_KEY, monitorUrl.toFullString());
}
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Register dubbo service " + interfaceClass.getName() + " url " + url + " to registry " + registryURL);
}
Invoker<?> invoker = proxyFactory.getInvoker(ref, (Class) interfaceClass, registryURL.addParameterAndEncoded(Constants.EXPORT_KEY, url.toFullString()));

Exporter<?> exporter = protocol.export(invoker);
exporters.add(exporter);
}
} else {
Invoker<?> invoker = proxyFactory.getInvoker(ref, (Class) interfaceClass, url);

Exporter<?> exporter = protocol.export(invoker);
exporters.add(exporter);
}
}

重点在 Exporter

if (! Constants.SCOPE_LOCAL.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(scope) ){
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Export dubbo service " + interfaceClass.getName() + " to url " + url);
}
if (registryURLs != null && registryURLs.size() > 0
&& url.getParameter("register", true)) {
for (URL registryURL : registryURLs) {
url = url.addParameterIfAbsent("dynamic", registryURL.getParameter("dynamic"));
URL monitorUrl = loadMonitor(registryURL);
if (monitorUrl != null) {
url = url.addParameterAndEncoded(Constants.MONITOR_KEY, monitorUrl.toFullString());
}
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Register dubbo service " + interfaceClass.getName() + " url " + url + " to registry " + registryURL);
}
Invoker<?> invoker = proxyFactory.getInvoker(ref, (Class) interfaceClass, registryURL.addParameterAndEncoded(Constants.EXPORT_KEY, url.toFullString()));

Exporter<?> exporter = protocol.export(invoker);
exporters.add(exporter);
}
} else {
Invoker<?> invoker = proxyFactory.getInvoker(ref, (Class) interfaceClass, url);

Exporter<?> exporter = protocol.export(invoker);
exporters.add(exporter);
}
}

重点在 protocol.export(invoker);



默认会进入DubboProtocol

public <T> Exporter<T> export(Invoker<T> invoker) throws RpcException {
URL url = invoker.getUrl();

// export service.
String key = serviceKey(url);
DubboExporter<T> exporter = new DubboExporter<T>(invoker, key, exporterMap);
exporterMap.put(key, exporter);

//export an stub service for dispaching event
Boolean isStubSupportEvent = url.getParameter(Constants.STUB_EVENT_KEY,Constants.DEFAULT_STUB_EVENT);
Boolean isCallbackservice = url.getParameter(Constants.IS_CALLBACK_SERVICE, false);
if (isStubSupportEvent && !isCallbackservice){
String stubServiceMethods = url.getParameter(Constants.STUB_EVENT_METHODS_KEY);
if (stubServiceMethods == null || stubServiceMethods.length() == 0 ){
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()){
logger.warn(new IllegalStateException("consumer [" +url.getParameter(Constants.INTERFACE_KEY) +
"], has set stubproxy support event ,but no stub methods founded."));
}
} else {
stubServiceMethodsMap.put(url.getServiceKey(), stubServiceMethods);
}
}

openServer(url);

return exporter;
}

重点在 openServer(url)

private void openServer(URL url) {
// find server.
String key = url.getAddress();
//client 也可以暴露一个只有server可以调用的服务。
boolean isServer = url.getParameter(Constants.IS_SERVER_KEY,true);
if (isServer) {
ExchangeServer server = serverMap.get(key);
if (server == null) {
serverMap.put(key, createServer(url));
} else {
//server支持reset,配合override功能使用
server.reset(url);
}
}
}

openServer又调用了createServer

private ExchangeServer createServer(URL url) {
//默认开启server关闭时发送readonly事件
url = url.addParameterIfAbsent(Constants.CHANNEL_READONLYEVENT_SENT_KEY, Boolean.TRUE.toString());
//默认开启heartbeat
url = url.addParameterIfAbsent(Constants.HEARTBEAT_KEY, String.valueOf(Constants.DEFAULT_HEARTBEAT));
String str = url.getParameter(Constants.SERVER_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_REMOTING_SERVER);

if (str != null && str.length() > 0 && ! ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(Transporter.class).hasExtension(str))
throw new RpcException("Unsupported server type: " + str + ", url: " + url);

url = url.addParameter(Constants.CODEC_KEY, Version.isCompatibleVersion() ? COMPATIBLE_CODEC_NAME : DubboCodec.NAME);
ExchangeServer server;
try {
server = Exchangers.bind(url, requestHandler);
} catch (RemotingException e) {
throw new RpcException("Fail to start server(url: " + url + ") " + e.getMessage(), e);
}
str = url.getParameter(Constants.CLIENT_KEY);
if (str != null && str.length() > 0) {
Set<String> supportedTypes = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(Transporter.class).getSupportedExtensions();
if (!supportedTypes.contains(str)) {
throw new RpcException("Unsupported client type: " + str);
}
}
return server;
}

createServer又调用了server = Exchangers.bind(url, requestHandler);

Exchangers

public static ExchangeServer bind(URL url, ExchangeHandler handler) throws RemotingException {
if (url == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("url == null");
}
if (handler == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("handler == null");
}
url = url.addParameterIfAbsent(Constants.CODEC_KEY, "exchange");
return getExchanger(url).bind(url, handler);
}

Exchangers 调用了HeaderExchanger的bind方法

public ExchangeServer bind(URL url, ExchangeHandler handler) throws RemotingException {
return new HeaderExchangeServer(Transporters.bind(url, new DecodeHandler(new HeaderExchangeHandler(handler))));
}

重点看Transporters.bind方法

Transporters

public static Server bind(URL url, ChannelHandler... handlers) throws RemotingException {
if (url == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("url == null");
}
if (handlers == null || handlers.length == 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("handlers == null");
}
ChannelHandler handler;
if (handlers.length == 1) {
handler = handlers[0];
} else {
handler = new ChannelHandlerDispatcher(handlers);
}
return getTransporter().bind(url, handler);
}

默认会进入NettyTransporter的bind方法

public class NettyTransporter implements Transporter {

public static final String NAME = "netty";

public Server bind(URL url, ChannelHandler listener) throws RemotingException {
return new NettyServer(url, listener);
}

public Client connect(URL url, ChannelHandler listener) throws RemotingException {
return new NettyClient(url, listener);
}

}

NettyServer

首先调用了父类AbstractServer构造方法

public NettyServer(URL url, ChannelHandler handler) throws RemotingException{
super(url, ChannelHandlers.wrap(handler, ExecutorUtil.setThreadName(url, SERVER_THREAD_POOL_NAME)));
}

public AbstractServer(URL url, ChannelHandler handler) throws RemotingException {
super(url, handler);
localAddress = getUrl().toInetSocketAddress();
String host = url.getParameter(Constants.ANYHOST_KEY, false)
|| NetUtils.isInvalidLocalHost(getUrl().getHost())
? NetUtils.ANYHOST : getUrl().getHost();
bindAddress = new InetSocketAddress(host, getUrl().getPort());
this.accepts = url.getParameter(Constants.ACCEPTS_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_ACCEPTS);
this.idleTimeout = url.getParameter(Constants.IDLE_TIMEOUT_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_IDLE_TIMEOUT);
try {
doOpen();
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Start " + getClass().getSimpleName() + " bind " + getBindAddress() + ", export " + getLocalAddress());
}
} catch (Throwable t) {
throw new RemotingException(url.toInetSocketAddress(), null, "Failed to bind " + getClass().getSimpleName()
+ " on " + getLocalAddress() + ", cause: " + t.getMessage(), t);
}
if (handler instanceof WrappedChannelHandler ){
executor = ((WrappedChannelHandler)handler).getExecutor();
}
}

可以看到父类构造方法中调用了doOpen方法后就输出了Start的日志，可见doOpen方法中就是启动了服务端，做好接受调用准备

@Override
protected void doOpen() throws Throwable {
NettyHelper.setNettyLoggerFactory();
ExecutorService boss = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(new NamedThreadFactory("NettyServerBoss", true));
ExecutorService worker = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(new NamedThreadFactory("NettyServerWorker", true));
ChannelFactory channelFactory = new NioServerSocketChannelFactory(boss, worker, getUrl().getPositiveParameter(Constants.IO_THREADS_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_IO_THREADS));
bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(channelFactory);

final NettyHandler nettyHandler = new NettyHandler(getUrl(), this);
channels = nettyHandler.getChannels();
// https://issues.jboss.org/browse/NETTY-365 // https://issues.jboss.org/browse/NETTY-379 // final Timer timer = new HashedWheelTimer(new NamedThreadFactory("NettyIdleTimer", true));
bootstrap.setPipelineFactory(new ChannelPipelineFactory() {
public ChannelPipeline getPipeline() {
NettyCodecAdapter adapter = new NettyCodecAdapter(getCodec() ,getUrl(), NettyServer.this);
ChannelPipeline pipeline = Channels.pipeline();
/*int idleTimeout = getIdleTimeout();
if (idleTimeout > 10000) {
pipeline.addLast("timer", new IdleStateHandler(timer, idleTimeout / 1000, 0, 0));
}*/
pipeline.addLast("decoder", adapter.getDecoder());
pipeline.addLast("encoder", adapter.getEncoder());
pipeline.addLast("handler", nettyHandler);
return pipeline;
}
});
// bind
channel = bootstrap.bind(getBindAddress());
}

实际也就是这样，doOpen方法利用Netty开启了服务端的监听，并绑定到InetSocketAddress（getBindAddress()方法返回），这个对象中包含了服务的地址端口。