Android 与 web后台数据交互之解析XML和JSON
2017-07-26 21:48
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Android 与 web后台数据交互之解析XML和JSON
转载至 ：http://blog.csdn.net/a985548426/article/details/76163408思维导图：
Android的网络编程中去拿服务器的数据，一般只采用两种方式。XML和Json，所以今天我们简单做一个案列示范，
其他复杂的都离不开这最基础的步骤。
效果图：
布局：
输出结果：
xml解析
json解析
第一步：我们需要xml文件和JSON文件(源文件放在服务器上面)（实际项目开发中我们是动态生成的）
①student.xml
[html] view plain copy print?<?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8”?>
<students>
<student sid=“1”>
<sname>码农01</sname>
<sage>101</sage>
</student>
<student sid=“2”>
<sname>码农02</sname>
<sage>102</sage>
</student>
<student sid=“3”>
<sname>码农03</sname>
<sage>103</sage>
</student>
</students>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <students> <student sid="1"> <sname>码农01</sname> <sage>101</sage> </student> <student sid="2"> <sname>码农02</sname> <sage>102</sage> </student> <student sid="3"> <sname>码农03</sname> <sage>103</sage> </student> </students>
②students.json
[plain] view plain copy print?{“count”:3,”students”:[{“sid”:1,”sname”:”小小”,”ssex”:”女”},{“sid”:2,”sname”:”小码”,”ssex”:”男”},{“sid”:3,”sname”:”小农”,”ssex”:”男”}]}
{"count":3,"students":[{"sid":1,"sname":"小小","ssex":"女"},{"sid":2,"sname":"小码","ssex":"男"},{"sid":3,"sname":"小农","ssex":"男"}]}第二步: 写好布局文件
[html] view plain copy print?<?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“utf-8”?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android=“http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android”
xmlns:app=“http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto”
xmlns:tools=“http://schemas.android.com/tools”
184c7
android:layout_width=“match_parent”
android:layout_height=“match_parent”
android:orientation=“vertical”
tools:context=“com.example.android31_xmlorjson.MainActivity”>
<Button
android:layout_width=“match_parent”
android:layout_height=“wrap_content”
android:text=“获取网络xml”
android:onClick=“getNetXml”
/>
<Button
android:layout_width=“match_parent”
android:layout_height=“wrap_content”
android:text=“获取网络JSON”
android:onClick=“getNetJSON”
/>
</LinearLayout>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" tools:context="com.example.android31_xmlorjson.MainActivity"> <Button android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="获取网络xml" android:onClick="getNetXml" /> <Button android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="获取网络JSON" android:onClick="getNetJSON" /> </LinearLayout>
第三步：核心处理类
注意：
1、手机获取服务端数据需要在AndroidManifest.xml配上权限
[html] view plain copy print?<!–网络权限–>
<uses-permission android:name=“android.permission.INTERNET”></uses-permission>
<!--网络权限--> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>2、JSON解析所需要用的实体类
BigObject.Java
[java] view plain copy print?package com.example.android31_xmlorjson; import java.util.List; /** * Created by Administrator on 2017/7/26 0026. */ public class BigObject { private int count; private List<Student> students; public BigObject() { } public BigObject(int count, List<Student> students) { this.count = count; this.students = students; } public void setCount(int count) { this.count = count; } public void setStudents(List<Student> students) { this.students = students; } public int getCount() { return count; } public List<Student> getStudents() { return students; } }
package com.example.android31_xmlorjson;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2017/7/26 0026.
*/
public class BigObject {
private int count;
private List<Student> students;
public BigObject() {
}
public BigObject(int count, List<Student> students) {
this.count = count;
this.students = students;
}
public void setCount(int count) {
this.count = count;
}
public void setStudents(List<Student> students) {
this.students = students;
}
public int getCount() {
return count;
}
public List<Student> getStudents() {
return students;
}
}student.java[java] view plain copy print?package com.example.android31_xmlorjson; /** * Created by Administrator on 2017/7/26 0026. */ public class Student { private int sid; private String sname; private String ssex; public Student() { } public Student(int sid, String sname, String sex) { this.sid = sid; this.sname = sname; this.ssex = ssex; } public void setSid(int sid) { this.sid = sid; } public void setSname(String sname) { this.sname = sname; } public void setSsex(String ssex) { this.ssex = ssex; } public int getSid() { return sid; } public String getSname() { return sname; } public String getSsex() { return ssex; } }
package com.example.android31_xmlorjson;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2017/7/26 0026.
*/
public class Student {
private int sid;
private String sname;
private String ssex;
public Student() {
}
public Student(int sid, String sname, String sex) {
this.sid = sid;
this.sname = sname;
this.ssex = ssex;
}
public void setSid(int sid) {
this.sid = sid;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
this.sname = sname;
}
public void setSsex(String ssex) {
this.ssex = ssex;
}
public int getSid() {
return sid;
}
public String getSname() {
return sname;
}
public String getSsex() {
return ssex;
}
}3.JSON解析我使用的是阿里巴巴研发的解析
核心处理：
[java] view plain copy print?package com.example.android31_xmlorjson;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.Xml;
import android.view.View;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.List;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
public void getNetXml(View view){
new MyXmlTask().execute();
}
//异步获取网络xml
class MyXmlTask extends AsyncTask{
@Override
protected Object doInBackground(Object[] objects) {
//获取网络数据
String path=”http://192.168.43.210:8080/student.xml”;
try {
URL url=new URL(path);
HttpURLConnection connection= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//设置请求方式（一般提交数据使用POST，获取数据使用GET）
connection.setRequestMethod(”GET”);
//设置请求时间
connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
//获取结果码
int code=connection.getResponseCode();
if(200==code){
InputStream is=connection.getInputStream();//获取读流
//打印自己的结果
// int len=0;
// byte[] buf=new byte[1024];
//StringBuffer stringBuffer=new StringBuffer();
// while((len=is.read(buf))!=-1){
// String s=new String(buf,0,len);
// stringBuffer.append(s);
// }
//Log.i(“test”,stringBuffer.toString());
//解析XML （我们使用Android特有的pull解析）
//实例化解析器
XmlPullParser pullParser= Xml.newPullParser();
//进行解析 (参数一：数据源（网络流）；参数二：编码方式)
pullParser.setInput(is,”UTF-8”);
//解析标签类型
int type=pullParser.getEventType();
while(type!=XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT){ //判断不是结束标签
switch (type){
case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
//获取开始标签的名字
String starTagName=pullParser.getName();
if(“student”.equals(starTagName)){
//获取属性值id的值
String sid=pullParser.getAttributeName(0);
Log.i(”test”,“”+sid);
} else if(“sname”.equals(starTagName)){
String sname=pullParser.nextText();
Log.i(”test”,“”+sname);
} else if(“sage”.equals(starTagName)){
String sage=pullParser.nextText();
Log.i(”test”,“”+sage);
}
break;
case XmlPullParser.END_TAG:
break;
}
//细节
type=pullParser.next();
}
//关闭流
is.close();
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {
super.onPostExecute(o);
}
}
public void getNetJSON(View view){
new MyJsonTask().execute();
}
//异步获取网络Json
class MyJsonTask extends AsyncTask{
@Override
protected Object doInBackground(Object[] objects) {
//获取网络Json
String path=”http://192.168.43.210:8080/students.json”;
try {
URL url=new URL(path);
HttpURLConnection connection= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setRequestMethod(”GET”);
connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
if(connection.getResponseCode()==200){
InputStream is=connection.getInputStream();
int len=0;
byte[] buf= new byte[1024];
StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
while ((len=is.read(buf))!=-1){
String s=new String(buf,0,len);
sb.append(s);
}
//输出打印
Log.i(”test”,sb.toString());
//解析JSON’
BigObject bigObject=JSON.parseObject(sb.toString(),BigObject.class);
int count=bigObject.getCount();
Log.i(”test”,count+“”);
List<Student> stuList=bigObject.getStudents();
for (Student sss : stuList) {
Log.i(”test”,sss.getSname()+“ ”+sss.getSsex());
}
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {
super.onPostExecute(o);
}
}
}
package com.example.android31_xmlorjson;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.Xml;
import android.view.View;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.List;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
public void getNetXml(View view){
new MyXmlTask().execute();
}
//异步获取网络xml
class MyXmlTask extends AsyncTask{
@Override
protected Object doInBackground(Object[] objects) {
//获取网络数据
String path="http://192.168.43.210:8080/student.xml";
try {
URL url=new URL(path);
HttpURLConnection connection= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//设置请求方式（一般提交数据使用POST，获取数据使用GET）
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
//设置请求时间
connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
//获取结果码
int code=connection.getResponseCode();
if(200==code){
InputStream is=connection.getInputStream();//获取读流
//打印自己的结果
// int len=0;
// byte[] buf=new byte[1024];
//StringBuffer stringBuffer=new StringBuffer();
// while((len=is.read(buf))!=-1){
// String s=new String(buf,0,len);
// stringBuffer.append(s);
// }
//Log.i("test",stringBuffer.toString());
//解析XML （我们使用Android特有的pull解析）
//实例化解析器
XmlPullParser pullParser= Xml.newPullParser();
//进行解析 (参数一：数据源（网络流）；参数二：编码方式)
pullParser.setInput(is,"UTF-8");
//解析标签类型
int type=pullParser.getEventType();
while(type!=XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT){ //判断不是结束标签
switch (type){
case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
//获取开始标签的名字
String starTagName=pullParser.getName();
if("student".equals(starTagName)){
//获取属性值id的值
String sid=pullParser.getAttributeName(0);
Log.i("test",""+sid);
} else if("sname".equals(starTagName)){
String sname=pullParser.nextText();
Log.i("test",""+sname);
} else if("sage".equals(starTagName)){
String sage=pullParser.nextText();
Log.i("test",""+sage);
}
break;
case XmlPullParser.END_TAG:
break;
}
//细节
type=pullParser.next();
}
//关闭流
is.close();
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {
super.onPostExecute(o);
}
}
public void getNetJSON(View view){
new MyJsonTask().execute();
}
//异步获取网络Json
class MyJsonTask extends AsyncTask{
@Override
protected Object doInBackground(Object[] objects) {
//获取网络Json
String path="http://192.168.43.210:8080/students.json";
try {
URL url=new URL(path);
HttpURLConnection connection= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
if(connection.getResponseCode()==200){
InputStream is=connection.getInputStream();
int len=0;
byte[] buf= new byte[1024];
StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
while ((len=is.read(buf))!=-1){
String s=new String(buf,0,len);
sb.append(s);
}
//输出打印
Log.i("test",sb.toString());
//解析JSON'
BigObject bigObject=JSON.parseObject(sb.toString(),BigObject.class);
int count=bigObject.getCount();
Log.i("test",count+"");
List<Student> stuList=bigObject.getStudents();
for (Student sss : stuList) {
Log.i("test",sss.getSname()+" "+sss.getSsex());
}
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {
super.onPostExecute(o);
}
}
}
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