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MySQL主从复制技术与读写分离技术amoeba应用

2017-07-23 09:43 591 查看
MySQL主从复制技术与读写分离技术amoeba应用

前言:眼下在搭建一个人才站点,估计流量会非常大,须要用到分布式数据库技术,MySQL的主从复制+读写分离技术。读写分离技术有官方的MySQL-proxy,阿里巴巴的Amoeba。Amoeba能在阿里巴巴这么大流量的平台投入使用并且执行稳定,Amoeba的性能是非常优越的。相信眼前事实,所以选择了Amoeba。

一、名词解析

1. 主从复制。

将主server上的数据拷贝到从server上,保护数据免受意外的损失。



2.Amoeba

Amoeba(变形虫)项目,专注分布式数据库 proxy 开发。座落与Client、DB Server(s)之间。

对client透明。具有负载均衡、高可用性、sql过滤、读写分离、可路由相关的query到目标数据库、可并发请求多台数据库合并结果。

二、环境资料

如果amoeba的前提条件:

1. 实验环境:

System: CentOS release 6.5

JDK: jdk-6u35-linux-x64.bin

Mysql版本号: 5.5.38

Amoeba版本号: amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution

2. 架构图:



主服务器,用于写数据库, Master server: 192.168.1.106

从服务器,用于读数据库。Slave server: 192.168.1.100

读写分离的代理服务器, Amoeba server: 192.168.1.105

三、架设MySQL的主从复制server

1. 主服务器Master server数据库配置:

我的mysql 安装在/usr/local/mysql

#vi /etc/my.cnf

设置 server-id = 1 ,此值不能和从数据库的一样

在my.cnf末尾加入例如以下语句,表示哪些库不同步:

binlog-ignore-db=mysql #每一个不同步的库写一行

#service mysqld restart

接着分配一个数据库账号给Slave Server 和 Amoeba Server:

#mysql -uroot -p123456

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to ‘idc719comslave’@’192.168.1.100’ identified by ‘123456’

mysql> grant all on *.* to ‘proxyuser’@’192.168.1.105’ identified by ‘123456’

mysql> flush privileges;

mysql> show master status;

mysql> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| mysql-bin.000028 | 107 | | mysql |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.01 sec)

记录File的mysql-bin.000028 与 Position的107 ,等会要用到。

2. 从服务器Slave server数据库配置:

#vi /etc/my.cnf

replicate-do-db=test

replicate-ignore-db=mysql

replicate-ignore-db=persondb

#service mysqld restart

#mysql -uroot -p123456

mysql> grant all on *.* to ‘proxyuser’@’192.168.1.105’ identified by ‘123456’;

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO

-> Master_Host=192.168.1.106,

-> Master_User=idc719comslave,

-> Master_Password=123456,

-> Master_Port=3306,

-> Master_Log_File=mysql-bin.000028,

-> Master_Log_File=107;

mysql> start slave;

mysql> show slave status\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 192.168.1.106

Master_User: idc719comslave

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000028

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107

Relay_Log_File: slaveserver1-relay-bin.000016

Relay_Log_Pos: 253

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000028

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB: test

Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107

Relay_Log_Space: 416

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 1

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

看到Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event 表示成功了!

假设不成功, 比方

Last_IO_Errno: 2003

、Last_IO_Error: error connecting to master 'idc719comslave@192.168.1.106:3306' - retry-time: 60 retries: 86400

是主server开了防火墙,或者用户password错误!

三、架设 Amoeba server

1. 安装JDK

Amoeba是java编写的,执行须要JDK环境,能够通过#echo $JAVA_HOME看是否安装配置了JDK,假设没有。參考例如以下方法:

下载软件包

uname -r 检查系统内核信息

mkdir -p /tmp/src && cd /tmp/src

x86_64 请下载

wget http://docs.minunix.com/web/jdk-6u35-linux-x64.bin
i386系列 请下载

wget http://docs.minunix.com/web/jdk-6u35-linux-i586.bin
注:作者系统为X86_64 ,所以以x86_64 演示,步骤都一样的!

安装必备组件信息:

yum -y install glibc*

下载完毕之后,改动文件属性,赋予可运行权限,然后运行程序予以安装:

chmod +x jdk-6u35-linux-x64.bin

./jdk-6u35-linux-x64.bin

注:此处可能会出现下面问题:

/lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad ELF interpreter: No such file or directory

此问题是由于您没有安装glibc-* ,仅仅须要安装glibc 就可以解决,

yum -y install glibc*

安装完毕之后,运行下列命令:

#cp -rf jdk1.6.0_35 /usr/local/jdk

#vim /etc/profile.d/java.sh \\\输入下列内容

JAVA_HOME="/usr/local/jdk"

CLASS_PATH="$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib"

PATH=".:$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin"

export JAVA_HOME

###保存退出,并运行以下的命令使配置生效

#source /etc/profile.d/java.sh

#java -version \\\检查java版本号

2.安装Amoeba

下载页面:http://sourceforge.net/projects/amoeba/?

source=directory

下载后。解压 #unzip amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution.zip -d /usr/local/

#cd /usr/local

#mv amoeba-mysql-3.0.5-RC-distribution amoeba

#cd amoeba

#ls

benchmark bin conf jvm.properties lib logs

#cd conf

#vim amoeba.xml

查找例如以下字段并改动红色的部分,各自是port、amoeba主机的ip。用户password,和读写server的别名,其余字段默认就能够

<property name="port">8066</property>

<property name="ipAddress">192.168.1.105</property>

<property name="user">root</property>

<property name="password">123456</property>

<property name="writePool">server1</property>

<property name="readPool">server2</property>

#vim dbServers.xml

红色部分为改动的地方

<?

xml version="1.0" encoding="gbk"?>

<!DOCTYPE amoeba:dbServers SYSTEM "dbserver.dtd">

<amoeba:dbServers xmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/">

<!--

Each dbServer needs to be configured into a Pool,

If you need to configure multiple dbServer with load balancing that can be simplified by the following configuration:

add attribute with name virtual = "true" in dbServer, but the configuration does not allow the element with name factoryConfig

such as 'multiPool' dbServer

-->

<dbServer name="abstractServer" abstractive="true">

<factoryConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlServerConnectionFactory">

<property name="connectionManager">${defaultManager}</property>

<property name="sendBufferSize">64</property>

<property name="receiveBufferSize">128</property>

<!-- mysql port -->

<property name="port">3306</property>

<!-- mysql schema -->

<property name="schema">test</property>

<!-- mysql user -->

<property name="user">proxyuser</property>

<property name="password">123456</property>

</factoryConfig>

<poolConfig class="com.meidusa.toolkit.common.poolable.PoolableObjectPool">

<property name="maxActive">500</property>

<property name="maxIdle">500</property>

<property name="minIdle">10</property>

<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis">600000</property>

<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis">600000</property>

<property name="testOnBorrow">true</property>

<property name="testOnReturn">true</property>

<property name="testWhileIdle">true</property>

</poolConfig>

</dbServer>

<dbServer name="server1" parent="abstractServer">

<factoryConfig>

<!-- mysql ip -->

<property name="ipAddress">192.168.1.106</property>

</factoryConfig>

</dbServer>

<dbServer name="server2" parent="abstractServer">

<factoryConfig>

<!-- mysql ip -->

<property name="ipAddress">192.168.1.100</property>

</factoryConfig>

</dbServer>

<dbServer name="multiPool" virtual="true">

<poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool">

<!-- Load balancing strategy: 1=ROUNDROBIN , 2=WEIGHTBASED , 3=HA-->

<property name="loadbalance">1</property>

<!-- Separated by commas,such as: server1,server2,server1 -->

<property name="poolNames">server1</property>

</poolConfig>

</dbServer>

</amoeba:dbServers>

文字出自:http://blog.csdn.net/ljuncong
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