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Spring有用功能--Profile、WebService、缓存、消息、ORM

2017-06-27 11:11 459 查看
本篇介绍一些Spring与其它框架结合的有用功能,包含:Apache CXF WebService框架、Redis缓存、RabbitMQ消息、MyBatis框架。

另外对于Profile,也是Spring3.0開始新加的功能,对于开发測试环境、和生产环境分别採用不同的配置,有一定用处。

Profile

Spring3.1新属性管理API:PropertySource、Environment、Profile。

Environment:环境。本身是一个PropertyResolver,可是提供了Profile特性,即能够依据环境得到对应数据(即激活不同的Profile。能够得到不同的属性数据,比方用于多环境场景的配置(正式机、測试机、开发机DataSource配置))。

Profile:剖面,仅仅有激活的剖面的组件/配置才会注冊到Spring容器,类似于maven中profile。Spring 3.1添加了一个在不同环境之间简单切换的profile概念, 能够在不改动不论什么文件的情况下让project分别在 dev/test/production 等环境下执行。

为了减小部署维护,能够让project会默认执行在dev模式,而測试环境和生产环境通过添加jvm參数激活 production的profile.

比方。对于例如以下的一个样例。因为測试环境和生产环境,连接数据库的方式不一样。能够有例如以下的解决的方法:

1、首先ApplicationContext.xml中,xsi:schemaLocation须要引用3.2的xsd

2、ApplicationContext.xml配置例如以下:

<beans profile="production">
<bean id="dataSourcejdbc" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
<property name="jndiName" value="java:/MySqlDS_JDBC" />
</bean>
</beans>
<beans profile="dev">
<bean id="dataSourcejdbc" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://IP:3306/db?characterEncoding=utf-8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
</bean>
</beans>

3、开发环境配置。在web.xml中,例如以下配置:

<context-param>
<param-name>spring.profiles.default</param-name>
<param-value>dev</param-value>
</context-param>

4、生产环境配置

比方,对于Jboss,在bin/run.conf里面。添加启动參数:-Dspring.profiles.active=production

JAVA_OPTS="-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m -XX:MaxPermSize=1024m -Dorg.jboss.resolver.warning=true -Dsun.rmi.dgc.client.gcInterval=3600000 -Dsun.rmi.dgc.server.gcInterval=3600000 -Dsun.lang.ClassLoader.allowArraySyntax=true -Dorg.terracotta.quartz.skipUpdateCheck=true
-Dspring.profiles.active=production"

以上是对于Web项目中怎样利用profile的一种演示,假设是maven项目,也能够在maven打包时採用不同的profile。命令例如以下:

mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true -Ponline

通过P參数採用不同的profile,这样能够实现为开发、測试、生产打出不同的包。

只是。不推荐这样的打包方式。应该是对于开发、測试、生产打出一样的包,然后依据机器本身的环境。来决定程序是依照那种环境来执行。

假设公司有依据环境变量的自己主动化部署方式(比方dev/test/stage/online)。则这个profile是很管用的。

WebService

Java生态下的WebService框架许多,apache cxf 是与spring结合最好的一种。配置过程例如以下:

1、pom.xml,添加依赖:

<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId>
<version>2.7.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http</artifactId>
<version>2.7.5</version>
</dependency>


2、web.xml。添加servlet:

<!-- Web Service声明開始 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>cxf</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>cxf</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- Web Service声明结束 -->


3、resources文件夹下。添加applicationContext-cxf.xml,内容例如以下:

<?

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?

>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd"> 
<!-- <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml" />
<import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml" /> -->

<jaxws:endpoint implementor="#basicWebService" address="/BasicWebService" />
</beans>

4、BasicWebService来的内容大致例如以下:

@WebService(name = "BasicWebService", serviceName = "BasicWebService", portName = "BasicWebServicePort", targetNamespace = "http://api.domain.com/ws")
@Service
public class BasicWebService {
@WebMethod
public void sendHtmlMail(@WebParam(name = "headName") String headName,
@WebParam(name = "sendHtml") String sendHtml) {
sendMail.doSendHtmlEmail(headName, sendHtml);
}
}


使用Apache CXF框架,是被Spring容器管理的,也就是说,BasicWebService本身能够设置@Service标记,也能够在BasicWebService中使用@Autowired进行注入。

而其它框架的WebService。比方Jboss直接通过Servlet方式暴露的WebService就不能这样,仅仅能通过一个SpringContextHolder手动从Spring容器中拿。大致例如以下:

1、首先在web.xml中添加WebService类的servlet。例如以下:

<!-- Web Service声明開始 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>BasicWebService</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.xx.BasisWebService</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>BasicWebService</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/BasicWebService</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- Web Service声明结束 -->

2、BasicWebService的内容大致例如以下:

@WebService(name = "BasicWebService", serviceName = "BasicWebService", portName = "BasicWebServicePort", targetNamespace = "http://api.sina.com/ws")
public class BasicWebService {

//这是从Spring容器中拿对象。SpringContextHolder是一个实现了org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware的类
private ISystemConfigService systemConfigService = SpringContextHolder.getBean(ISystemConfigService.class);

@WebMethod
public String test(@WebParam(name = "inputpara") String inputpara) {
return inputpara + "_100";
}
}


Redis

Spring能够简化调用Redis的操作。配置大致例如以下:

1、pom.xml添加依赖:

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-redis</artifactId>
<version>1.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

2、resources文件夹下,添加applicationContext-redis.xml,内容例如以下:

<?

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd"> <description>Spring-cache</description>
<cache:annotation-driven/>
<bean id="cacheManager" class="org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager">
<constructor-arg name="template" index="0" ref="redisTemplate"/>
</bean>
<bean id="jedisPoolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">
<property name="maxActive" value="${redis.pool.maxActive}"/>
<property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.pool.maxIdle}"/>
<property name="maxWait" value="${redis.pool.maxWait}"/>
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.pool.testOnBorrow}"/>
</bean>
<!-- 工厂实现: -->
<bean id="jedisConnectionFactory" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory">
<property name="hostName" value="${redis.ip}"/>
<property name="port" value="${redis.port}"/>
<property name="poolConfig" ref="jedisPoolConfig"/>
</bean>
<!--模板类: -->
<bean id="redisTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate" p:connection-factory-ref="jedisConnectionFactory">
<property name="keySerializer" ref="stringRedisSerializer"/>
</bean>
<bean id="stringRedisSerializer" class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer"/>
</beans>

3、缓存写入參考实现:

@Service
public class BrandBaseServiceImpl implements IBrandBaseService {
@Override
@Cacheable(value = CacheClientConstant.COMMODITY_BRAND_REDIS_CACHE, key = "'commodity:webservice:all:brand:list'")
public List<Brand> getAllBrands() {
try
{
List<Brand> brands = brandMapper.getAllBrands();
return brands;
} catch (Exception ex)
{
logger.error(ex.toString());
return null;
}
}
@Override
@Cacheable(value = CacheClientConstant.COMMODITY_BRAND_REDIS_CACHE, key = "'commodity:webservice:brand:no:'+#brandNo")
public Brand getBrandByNo(String brandNo) {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(brandNo))
return null;
return brandMapper.getBrandByNo(brandNo);
}
}

4、缓存清除參考实现:

@Service
public class RedisCacheUtil {

private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String,Object> redisTemplate;
@Autowired
private JedisConnectionFactory jedisConnectionFactory;
@CacheEvict(value = CacheClientConstant.COMMODITY_CATEGORY_REDIS_CACHE, key = "'commodity:webservice:category:no:'+#categoryNo")
public void cleanCatCacheByNo(String categoryNo)
{
List<String> keys = new ArrayList<String>();
logger.info("[商品服务端]清理分类categoryNo:{}缓存,REDIS SERVER地址:{}", categoryNo, jedisConnectionFactory.getHostName() + ":" + jedisConnectionFactory.getPort());
if (StringUtils.hasText(categoryNo)) {
keys.add("commodity:webservice:category:no:" + categoryNo);
cleanAgain(keys);
}
}
@CacheEvict(value = CacheClientConstant.COMMODITY_SYSTEMCONFIG_REDIS_CACHE, allEntries = true)
public void cleanSystemConfigAll()
{
logger.info("[商品服务端]清楚SystemConfig缓存");
}
/**
* 考虑到主从延迟可能会导致缓存更新失效。延迟再清理一次缓存
* @param keys 须要清除缓存的KEY
*/
private void cleanAgain(List<String> keys) {
if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(keys)) {
return;
}
for (String key : keys) {
logger.info("清理缓存,KEY:{}", key);
redisTemplate.delete(key);
}
}
}


RabbitMQ

Spring也能够简化使用RabbitMQ的操作,配置大致例如以下:

1、pom.xml添加依赖:

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-amqp</artifactId>
<version>${spring.amqp.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
<version>${spring.amqp.version}</version>
</dependency>


2、发送消息代码样例:

@Service
public class MessageSendServiceImpl implements IMessageSendService {
private static final String EXCHANGE = "amq.topic";
@Autowired
private volatile RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
@Override
public Boolean sendMessage(String commodityNo) {
Commodity c = getCommodity(commodityNo);
// 发送rabbitMQ消息(topic)
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(EXCHANGE, "commodity.update.topic", c);
logger.info("发送消息成功(topic):商品编号:" + commodityNo);
return true;
}
}


3、resources文件夹下。添加applicationContext-rabbitmq.xml,用来配置接收消息,内容例如以下:

<?

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?

>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 定义rabbitmq连接工厂。生产环境使用集群配置。支持failover。rabbitmq.host=192.168.211.230:5672 -->
<rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" addresses="${rabbitmq.host}" />
<rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" />
<rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory" channel-transacted="true"
message-converter="jsonMessageConverter" />
<bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.JsonMessageConverter">
<property name="classMapper">
<bean class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.DefaultClassMapper">
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
<!--
两种业务需求:
1. 同一个服务部署在多台server上,假设想消息被一个服务收取,则要配置name,<rabbit:listener 里的queues=这里的name
2. 同一个服务部署在多台server上,假设想消息被全部的服务收取,刚不要配置name。用rabbitmq自己主动创建的匿名name。这时要去掉这里的name属性, 而且<rabbit:listener里的queues=这里的id
一般来说。都是第一种业务需求较多
-->
<rabbit:queue id="queue的id,能够和name一样" name="queue的名字,在rabbitmq控制台能够看到,比如commodity.update.topic.queue">
<rabbit:queue-arguments>
<entry key="x-ha-policy" value="all" />
</rabbit:queue-arguments>
</rabbit:queue>
<!-- CONSUMER -->
<!-- 这里的error-handler最好都配置。由于rabbitmq报的异常默认是不被捕获的。假设这里没有error-handler,log级别又没指定到amqp的包,那么错误将不会被察觉    -->
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" message-converter="jsonMessageConverter"
channel-transacted="true" error-handler="rabbitMqErrorHandler" concurrency="10"
auto-startup="true">
<rabbit:listener queues="rabbit:queue中定义的name或者id" ref="commodityUpdateListener" method="handleMessage" />
</rabbit:listener-container>
<rabbit:topic-exchange name="amq.topic" >
<rabbit:bindings>
<!-- 这里的queue是<rabbit:queue 里的ID -->
<rabbit:binding pattern="发送方的routingKey。对于上面的发送就是commodity.update.topic" queue="queue的名字,在rabbitmq控制台能够看到。比如commodity.update.topic.queue"/>
</rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:topic-exchange>
</beans>
4、接收消息代码样例:

@Component
public class CommodityUpdateListener {
public void handleMessage(Commodity commodity) {
if(commodity==null)
{
logger.info("XXX");
return;
}
//处理逻辑
}
}


5、处理消息错误代码样例:

@Component
public class RabbitMqErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RabbitMqErrorHandler.class);

@Override
public void handleError(Throwable t) {
logger.error("Receive rabbitmq message error:{}", t);
}
}


MyBatis

Spring能够大大简化使用MyBatis这样的ORM框架,定义出接口和Mapper文件之后。Spring能够自己主动帮我们生成实现类。

我以前在DotNet框架下使用过MyBatis.Net,全部的Mapper的实现类都须要手工写代码,而Spring帮我节省了非常多编码工作量。

大致配置过程例如以下:

1、pom.xml添加依赖:

<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.caches</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>1.0.1</version>
</dependency>


2、resources文件夹下,applicationContext.xml中。一般放置关于mybatis的配置,内容例如以下:

<?

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx  http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee  http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd"> <description>Spring公共配置</description>
<!--开启注解 -->
<context:annotation-config />
<!-- 开启自己主动切面代理 -->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.xx">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 定义受环境影响易变的变量 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="systemPropertiesModeName" value="SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_OVERRIDE" />
<property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" />
<property name="locations">
<list>
<!-- 标准配置 -->
<value>classpath*:/application.properties</value>
<value>classpath*:/config.properties</value>
<!-- 本地开发环境配置 -->
<value>file:/d:/conf/pcconf/*.properties</value>
<!-- server生产环境配置 -->
<value>file:/etc/conf/pcconf/*.properties</value>
</list>
</property>
<!--property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" / -->
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true" />
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourcejdbc"/>
</bean>
<!-- 强烈建议用JdbcTemplate取代JdbcUtils -->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourcejdbc" />
</bean>
<bean id="sqlSessionFactoryWrite" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourcejdbc" />
</bean>
<!-- 会自己主动将basePackage中配置的包路径下的全部带有@Mapper标注的Dao层的接口生成代理,替代原来我们的Dao实现。

-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactoryWrite" />
<property name="basePackage" value="com/xx/pc/template" />
</bean>
<beans profile="production">
<bean id="dataSourcejdbc" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
<property name="jndiName" value="java:/MySqlDS_JDBC" />
</bean>
</beans>
<beans profile="dev">
<bean id="dataSourcejdbc" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://ip:3306/dbname?

characterEncoding=utf-8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
</bean>
</beans>
</beans>
3、定义接口,及在src/main/resource相应接口的包路径下定义同名的xml配置文件就可以。

Spring初始化完成后,会自己主动帮我们生成Mapper的实现类。
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