Android BLE与终端通信（三）——client与服务端通信过程以及实现数据通信

Android BLE与终端通信（三）——client与服务端通信过程以及实现数据通信

一.蓝牙传输数据

UUID:XXXXXXXX(8)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXXXXXXXXXX(12)

1.activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >

<Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:onClick="btnSearch"
android:text="搜索蓝牙设备" />

<ListView
android:id="@+id/lvDevices"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1" />

</LinearLayout>

2.实现步骤

1.声明

我们须要的东西

// 本地蓝牙适配器
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
// 列表
private ListView lvDevices;
// 存储搜索到的蓝牙
private List<String> bluetoothDevices = new ArrayList<String>();
// listview的adapter
private ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter;
// UUID.randomUUID()随机获取UUID
private final UUID MY_UUID = UUID
.fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3");
// 连接对象的名称
private final String NAME = "LGL";
// 这里本身即是服务端也是client，须要例如以下类
private BluetoothSocket clientSocket;
private BluetoothDevice device;
// 输出流_client须要往服务端输出
private OutputStream os;

2.初始化

// 获取本地蓝牙适配器
mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

// 推断手机是否支持蓝牙
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
Toast.makeText(this, "设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
finish();
}

// 推断是否打开蓝牙
if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
// 弹出对话框提示用户是后打开
Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
// 不做提示，强行打开
// mBluetoothAdapter.enable();
}
// 初始化listview
lvDevices = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvDevices);
lvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this);

// 获取已经配对的设备
Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter
.getBondedDevices();

// 推断是否有配对过的设备
if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
// 遍历到列表中
bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":"
+ device.getAddress() + "\n");
}
}

// adapter
arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1,
bluetoothDevices);
lvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);

/**
* 异步搜索蓝牙设备——广播接收
*/
// 找到设备的广播
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
// 注冊广播
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
// 搜索完毕的广播
filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
// 注冊广播
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
}

3.点击搜索

public void btnSearch(View v) {
// 设置进度条
setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);
setTitle("正在搜索...");
// 推断是否在搜索,假设在搜索，就取消搜索
if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
// 開始搜索
mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
}

4.搜索设备

private final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {

@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
// 收到的广播类型
String action = intent.getAction();
// 发现设备的广播
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
// 从intent中获取设备
BluetoothDevice device = intent
.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
// 推断是否配对过
if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
// 加入到列表
bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":"
+ device.getAddress() + "\n");
arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

}
// 搜索完毕
} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED
.equals(action)) {
// 关闭进度条
setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);
setTitle("搜索完毕！");
}
}
};

5.client实现已经发送数据流

// client
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?

> parent, View view, int position,
long id) {
// 先获得蓝牙的地址和设备名
String s = arrayAdapter.getItem(position);
// 单独解析地址
String address = s.substring(s.indexOf(":") + 1).trim();

// 主动连接蓝牙
try {
// 推断是否在搜索,假设在搜索，就取消搜索
if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
try {
// 推断能否够获得
if (device == null) {
// 获得远程设备
device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);
}
// 開始连接
if (clientSocket == null) {
clientSocket = device
.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
// 连接
clientSocket.connect();
// 获得输出流
os = clientSocket.getOutputStream();

}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
// 假设成功获得输出流
if (os != null) {
os.write("Hello Bluetooth!".getBytes("utf-8"));
}

} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}

6.Handler服务

// 服务端，须要监听client的线程类
private Handler handler = new Handler() {
public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, String.valueOf(msg.obj),
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
};

7.服务端读取数据流

// 线程服务类
private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket;
private BluetoothSocket socket;
// 输入 输出流
private OutputStream os;
private InputStream is;

public AcceptThread() {
try {
serverSocket = mBluetoothAdapter
.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

@Override
public void run() {
// 截获client的蓝牙消息
try {
socket = serverSocket.accept(); // 假设堵塞了。就会一直停留在这里
is = socket.getInputStream();
os = socket.getOutputStream();
// 不断接收请求,假设client没有发送的话还是会堵塞
while (true) {
// 每次仅仅发送128个字节
byte[] buffer = new byte[128];
// 读取
int count = is.read();
// 假设读取到了，我们就发送刚才的那个Toast
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = new String(buffer, 0, count, "utf-8");
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
}

8.开启服务

首先要声明

//启动服务
ac = new AcceptThread();
ac.start();

MainActivity完整代码

package com.lgl.bluetoothget;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.UUID;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnItemClickListener {

// 本地蓝牙适配器
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
// 列表
private ListView lvDevices;
// 存储搜索到的蓝牙
private List<String> bluetoothDevices = new ArrayList<String>();
// listview的adapter
private ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter;
// UUID.randomUUID()随机获取UUID
private final UUID MY_UUID = UUID
.fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3");
// 连接对象的名称
private final String NAME = "LGL";

// 这里本身即是服务端也是client，须要例如以下类
private BluetoothSocket clientSocket;
private BluetoothDevice device;
// 输出流_client须要往服务端输出
private OutputStream os;
//线程类的实例
private AcceptThread ac;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

initView();
}

private void initView() {

// 获取本地蓝牙适配器
mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

// 推断手机是否支持蓝牙
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
Toast.makeText(this, "设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
finish();
}

// 推断是否打开蓝牙
if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
// 弹出对话框提示用户是后打开
Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
// 不做提示。强行打开
// mBluetoothAdapter.enable();
}
// 初始化listview
lvDevices = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvDevices);
lvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this);

// 获取已经配对的设备
Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter
.getBondedDevices();

// 推断是否有配对过的设备
if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
// 遍历到列表中
bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":"
+ device.getAddress() + "\n");
}
}

// adapter
arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1,
bluetoothDevices);
lvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);

//启动服务
ac = new AcceptThread();
ac.start();

/**
* 异步搜索蓝牙设备——广播接收
*/
// 找到设备的广播
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
// 注冊广播
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
// 搜索完毕的广播
filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
// 注冊广播
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
}

public void btnSearch(View v) {
// 设置进度条
setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);
setTitle("正在搜索...");
// 推断是否在搜索,假设在搜索。就取消搜索
if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
// 開始搜索
mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
}

// 广播接收器
private final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {

@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
// 收到的广播类型
String action = intent.getAction();
// 发现设备的广播
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
// 从intent中获取设备
BluetoothDevice device = intent
.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
// 推断是否配对过
if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
// 加入到列表
bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":"
+ device.getAddress() + "\n");
arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

}
// 搜索完毕
} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED
.equals(action)) {
// 关闭进度条
setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);
setTitle("搜索完毕！");
}
}
};
// client
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?

> parent, View view, int position,
long id) {
// 先获得蓝牙的地址和设备名
String s = arrayAdapter.getItem(position);
// 单独解析地址
String address = s.substring(s.indexOf(":") + 1).trim();

// 主动连接蓝牙
try {
// 推断是否在搜索,假设在搜索，就取消搜索
if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
try {
// 推断能否够获得
if (device == null) {
// 获得远程设备
device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);
}
// 開始连接
if (clientSocket == null) {
clientSocket = device
.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
// 连接
clientSocket.connect();
// 获得输出流
os = clientSocket.getOutputStream();

}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
// 假设成功获得输出流
if (os != null) {
os.write("Hello Bluetooth!".getBytes("utf-8"));
}

} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
// 服务端。须要监听client的线程类
private Handler handler = new Handler() {
public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, String.valueOf(msg.obj),
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
};

// 线程服务类
private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket;
private BluetoothSocket socket;
// 输入 输出流
private OutputStream os;
private InputStream is;

public AcceptThread() {
try {
serverSocket = mBluetoothAdapter
.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

@Override
public void run() {
// 截获client的蓝牙消息
try {
socket = serverSocket.accept(); // 假设堵塞了。就会一直停留在这里
is = socket.getInputStream();
os = socket.getOutputStream();
// 不断接收请求,假设client没有发送的话还是会堵塞
while (true) {
// 每次仅仅发送128个字节
byte[] buffer = new byte[128];
// 读取
int count = is.read();
// 假设读取到了，我们就发送刚才的那个Toast
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = new String(buffer, 0, count, "utf-8");
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
}
}

Google的API上事实上已经说的非常具体了的，这里我再提供一份PDF学习文档，能够更加直观的了解

PDF文档下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/qq_26787115/9416162

Demo下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/qq_26787115/9416158