【Hbase异常】windows 中使用hbase 异常：java.io.IOException: Could not locate executable null\bin\winutils.exe

平时一般是在windows环境下进行开发，在windows 环境下操作hbase可能会出现异常(java.io.IOException: Could not locate executable null\bin\winutils.exe in the Hadoop binaries.),以前也遇到过这个问题，今天又有小伙伴遇到这个问题，就顺带记一笔，异常信息如下：

2016-05-23 17:02:13,551 WARN [org.apache.hadoop.util.NativeCodeLoader] - Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
2016-05-23 17:02:13,611 ERROR [org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell] - Failed to locate the winutils binary in the hadoop binary path
java.io.IOException: Could not locate executable null\bin\winutils.exe in the Hadoop binaries.
at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.getQualifiedBinPath(Shell.java:278)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.getWinUtilsPath(Shell.java:300)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.<clinit>(Shell.java:293)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.StringUtils.<clinit>(StringUtils.java:76)
at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getStrings(Configuration.java:1514)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.zookeeper.ZKConfig.makeZKProps(ZKConfig.java:113)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.zookeeper.ZKConfig.getZKQuorumServersString(ZKConfig.java:265)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.zookeeper.ZooKeeperWatcher.<init>(ZooKeeperWatcher.java:159)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.zookeeper.ZooKeeperWatcher.<init>(ZooKeeperWatcher.java:134)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ZooKeeperKeepAliveConnection.<init>(ZooKeeperKeepAliveConnection.java:43)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HConnectionManager$HConnectionImplementation.getKeepAliveZooKeeperWatcher(HConnectionManager.java:1710)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ZooKeeperRegistry.getClusterId(ZooKeeperRegistry.java:82)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HConnectionManager$HConnectionImplementation.retrieveClusterId(HConnectionManager.java:806)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HConnectionManager$HConnectionImplementation.<init>(HConnectionManager.java:633)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at ja
e9b0
va.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HConnectionManager.createConnection(HConnectionManager.java:387)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HConnectionManager.createConnection(HConnectionManager.java:282)
at net.shgaoxin.db.hbase.HbaseConnectionFactory.createResource(HbaseConnectionFactory.java:67)
at net.shgaoxin.db.hbase.HbaseConnectionFactory.makeObject(HbaseConnectionFactory.java:40)
at org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPool.create(GenericObjectPool.java:868)
at org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPool.borrowObject(GenericObjectPool.java:435)
at org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPool.borrowObject(GenericObjectPool.java:363)
at net.shgaoxin.base.AbstractPooledContainer.get(AbstractPooledContainer.java:49)
at net.shgaoxin.db.hbase.HbaseConnectionContainer.getConnection(HbaseConnectionContainer.java:46)
at net.shgaoxin.db.hbase.HbaseConnectionContainer.getConnection(HbaseConnectionContainer.java:14)
at net.shgaoxin.db.hbase.HbaseTemplate.scan(HbaseTemplate.java:398)
at net.shgaoxin.impl.dao.hbase.GenericDaoHbaseImpl.scan(GenericDaoHbaseImpl.java:73)
at net.shgaoxin.impl.service.eastdayminisitesp.ImgUploadServiceImpl.getCurrentStepRowkeys(ImgUploadServiceImpl.java:260)
at net.shgaoxin.impl.context.eastdayminisitesp.AsyncImgUploadContextImpl.doOnStart(AsyncImgUploadContextImpl.java:81)
at net.shgaoxin.impl.context.AbstractProcessQueue.start(AbstractProcessQueue.java:119)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)

查看Hadoop源码：

/** fully qualify the path to a binary that should be in a known hadoop
*  bin location. This is primarily useful for disambiguating call-outs
*  to executable sub-components of Hadoop to avoid clashes with other
*  executables that may be in the path.  Caveat:  this call doesn't
*  just format the path to the bin directory.  It also checks for file
*  existence of the composed path. The output of this call should be
*  cached by callers.
* */
public static final String getQualifiedBinPath(String executable)
throws IOException {
// construct hadoop bin path to the specified executable
String fullExeName = HADOOP_HOME_DIR + File.separator + "bin"
+ File.separator + executable;

File exeFile = new File(fullExeName);
if (!exeFile.exists()) {
throw new IOException("Could not locate executable " + fullExeName
+ " in the Hadoop binaries.");
}

return exeFile.getCanonicalPath();
}

private static String HADOOP_HOME_DIR = checkHadoopHome();

/** Centralized logic to discover and validate the sanity of the Hadoop
*  home directory. Returns either NULL or a directory that exists and
*  was specified via either -Dhadoop.home.dir or the HADOOP_HOME ENV
*  variable.  This does a lot of work so it should only be called
*  privately for initialization once per process.
**/
private static String checkHadoopHome() {

// first check the Dflag hadoop.home.dir with JVM scope
String home = System.getProperty("hadoop.home.dir");

// fall back to the system/user-global env variable
if (home == null) {
home = System.getenv("HADOOP_HOME");
}

try {
// couldn't find either setting for hadoop's home directory
if (home == null) {
throw new IOException("HADOOP_HOME or hadoop.home.dir are not set.");
}

if (home.startsWith("\"") && home.endsWith("\"")) {
home = home.substring(1, home.length()-1);
}

// check that the home setting is actually a directory that exists
File homedir = new File(home);
if (!homedir.isAbsolute() || !homedir.exists() || !homedir.isDirectory()) {
throw new IOException("Hadoop home directory " + homedir
+ " does not exist, is not a directory, or is not an absolute path.");
}

home = homedir.getCanonicalPath();

} catch (IOException ioe) {
if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
LOG.debug("Failed to detect a valid hadoop home directory", ioe);
}
home = null;
}

return home;
}

结合异常不难发现HADOOP_HOME_DIR值为null,基本上可以判断是 HADOOP_HOME环境变量的问题，实际上本来就没有配置hadoop的环境变量，报错也是理所当然了。

配置windows环境变量需要有winutils.exe，有大神提供了一个windows下环境配置所需文件，

可参考 https://github.com/srccodes/hadoop-common-2.2.0-bin

环境变量配置：



需要重启机器才生效。