[置顶] 【python 数据可视化 】饼图，箱线图，条形图，直方图，折线图，散点图

# coding:UTF-8
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.dates as mdates

##画直线
plt.plot([1,2,3,4,5],[1,2,3,4,5])
plt.show()

##numpy 导入数据,切片，索引
a=np.loadtxt('001.csv',delimiter=',',skiprows=1,usecols=(1,4),unpack=False)
print(a.shape)
print(a)
print(a[:,1])

# ###画散点图(研究相关性）scatter
## c 颜色，s点大小，alpha透明度,marker 点形状

height = [161, 170, 182, 175, 173, 165]
weight = [50, 58, 80, 70, 69, 55]
plt.scatter(height, weight)
plt.show()

m=1000
x=np.random.randn(m)
y=-x+np.random.randn(m)*0.5
plt.scatter(x,y,c='r',s=200,alpha=0.5)
plt.show()

##画折线图
x=np.linspace(-10,10,5)
y=x**2
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.show()

###画条形图
N=5
y=[20,10,30,25,15]
index=np.arange(N)
plt.bar(left=index,height=y,color='red',width=0.5)
plt.show()

####饼状图
labels1='A','B','C','D'
fracs=[15,30,45,10]
explode1=[0,0.05,0.08,0]
plt.axes(aspect=1)
plt.pie(x=fracs,labels=labels1,autopct='%.0f%%',explode=explode1,shadow=True)
plt.show()

####箱型图
np.random.seed(1000)
data=np.random.normal(size=(1000,5),loc=0,scale=1)
labes=["A","B","C","D","E"]
plt.boxplot(data,sym='o',whis=1.5,labels=labes)
plt.show()

##直方图
mu=100
sigma=20
x=mu+sigma*np.random.randn(20000)
plt.hist(x,bins=100,color='green',normed=False)
plt.show()