怎样让索引仅仅能被一个SQL使用

有个徒弟问我，要创建一个索引，去优化一个SQL，可是创建了索引之后其它 SQL 也要用 这个索引，其它SQL慢死了。要优化的SQL又快。遇到这样的问题咋搞？

一般遇到这样的问题还是非常少的。处理的方法非常多。我简单的给大家介绍一种方法。

还是直接看我实验操作步骤吧。

在SCOTT账户里面创建一个測试表和一个索引
SQL> create table test as select * from dba_objects;

表已创建。
SQL> create index idx_test on test(object_id);

索引已创建。

SQL> set lines 200 pages 200
SQL> set autot trace
SQL> select * from test where object_id=10;

运行计划
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 2473784974

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                   | Name     | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT            |          |     1 |   207 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| TEST     |     1 |   207 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  2 |   INDEX RANGE SCAN          | IDX_TEST |     1 |       |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

2 - access("OBJECT_ID"=10)

Note
-----
- dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=6)

统计信息
----------------------------------------------------------
44  recursive calls
0  db block gets
136  consistent gets
4  physical reads
0  redo size
1404  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
420  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0  sorts (memory)
0  sorts (disk)
1  rows processed
然后人工设置索引统计信息 把集群银子搞大(很大)

SQL> begin
2    dbms_stats.set_index_stats(ownname  => 'SCOTT',
3                               indname  => 'IDX_TEST',
4                               numrows  => 100000000000,
5                               numlblks => 100000,
6                               numdist  => 100000,
7                               avglblk  => 100000,
8                               avgdblk  => 100000,
9                               clstfct  => 100000000000);
10  end;
11  /

PL/SQL 过程已成功完毕。


SQL> select * from test where object_id=10;

运行计划
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1357081020

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation         | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |      |     1 |   207 |   290   (1)| 00:00:04 |
|*  1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST |     1 |   207 |   290   (1)| 00:00:04 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

1 - filter("OBJECT_ID"=10)

Note
-----
- dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=6)

统计信息
----------------------------------------------------------
0  recursive calls
0  db block gets
1039  consistent gets
0  physical reads
0  redo size
1404  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
420  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0  sorts (memory)
0  sorts (disk)
1  rows processed
这个时候。全部的SQL都不会走这个索引了，你想让某个SQL走索引。直接hint 让它走就ok了

SQL> select /*+ index(test idx_test) */ * from test where object_id=10;

运行计划
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 2473784974

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                   | Name     | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT            |          |     1 |   207 |  1446K  (1)| 04:49:20 |
|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| TEST     |     1 |   207 |  1446K  (1)| 04:49:20 |
|*  2 |   INDEX RANGE SCAN          | IDX_TEST |     1 |       |    15  (94)| 00:00:01 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

2 - access("OBJECT_ID"=10)

Note
-----
- dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=6)

统计信息
----------------------------------------------------------
0  recursive calls
0  db block gets
4  consistent gets
0  physical reads
0  redo size
1404  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
420  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
2  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0  sorts (memory)
0  sorts (disk)
1  rows processed






这样还没完，由于要是有人收集了统计信息，会覆盖我们set的统计信息，所以收集完统计信息之后，要再跑一下那个set的统计信息就ok了。