一分钟了解“过去完成时”

多用于宾语从句或者定语从句，往往要搭配一个表示以前时间的状语。

定语从句：he had learned English before he go to America.

定语从句：By the end of last year, 3 students had got jobs.

宾语从句：he found the book that he had lost.

(1)  过去完成时和一般过去时的区别

前者动作发生的时间是“相对于过去某个时间的之前”，后者动作发生的时间是“相对现在某个时间的之前”。

（错）he had finished the work yesterday.

（对）he finished the work yesterday.

(错)he arrived in Beijing before six yesterday morning.

(对)he had arrived in Beijing before six yesterday morning. (arrived是不及物动词)

(2)  有两个句型是需要搭配过去完成时的：

no sooner.. than..

We had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.

No sooner had we reached home than it began to rain.

hardly..when..

He had hardly entered the office when(before) the phone rang,

Hardly had he entered the office (when)before the phone rang.