SpringMVC入门案例

最近在了解Spring MVC框架，试做一个入门程序了解其基本使用。

1、新建Java Web项目，导入相应jar包：



2、右击项目，new-Source Holder，用于存放配置文件。并新建xml文件“springmvc.xml”置于其中。

3、右击src，新建包。在WEB-INF中新建文件夹“jsp”，并新建jsp文件“itemsList.jsp”置于其中。完成后，项目结构基本完成。



4、配置web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>springMvc01</display-name>
<!-- 前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 加载SpringMVC的配置 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!-- 配置文件的地址 -->
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<!--
可以配置/，此工程所有请求全部由springmvc解析，此种方式可以实现RESTful方式，需要特殊处理，对静态文件的解析不能由springmvc解析
可以配置*.do或*.action，所有的请求的url扩展名为.do或者.action由springmvc解析，此种方法常用
不可以配置/*，如果配置/*，返回jsp也由springmvc解析，这是不对的
-->
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

5、配置springmvc.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd ">
<!-- 配置Handler -->
<bean name ="/itemList.action" class="com.js.springmvc.first.ItemController1"></bean>
<!-- 处理器映射器 -->
<!-- springmvc框架根据HandlerMapping接口判断是否是处理器映射器 -->
<!-- BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping：早期使用，现在使用注解后不常使用了。根据bean的name进行查找Handler，将action的url配置在bean的name中 -->
<!-- 根据请求url：xxx.action匹配spring容器bean的name -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
<!-- 处理器适配器 -->
<!-- springmvc框架根据HandlerAdapter接口判断是否是处理器适配器 -->
<!-- 程序员编写handler要根据适配器的要求来编写 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> -->

</bean>
</beans>

6、编写java类：
package com.js.springmvc.first;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

/**
* 入门程序，商品列表查询
* @author js
*
*/
public class ItemController1 implements Controller {

public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

// 使用静态数据将商品信息列表显示在jsp页面
// 商品列表
List<Items> itemsList = new ArrayList<Items>();

Items items_1 = new Items();
items_1.setName("联想笔记本");
items_1.setPrice(6000f);
items_1.setCreatetime(new Date());
items_1.setDetail("ThinkPad T430 联想笔记本电脑！");

Items items_2 = new Items();
items_2.setName("苹果手机");
items_2.setPrice(5000f);
items_2.setDetail("iphone6苹果手机！");

itemsList.add(items_1);
itemsList.add(items_2);

ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
//将数据填充到request
// request.setAttribute("itemsList", itemsList);
modelAndView.addObject("itemsList", itemsList);
//指定转发的jsp页面
modelAndView.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/itemsList.jsp");
return modelAndView;
}

}

package com.js.springmvc.first;

import java.util.Date;

public class Items {
private Integer id;

private String name;

private Float price;

private String pic;

private Date createtime;

private String detail;

public Integer getId() {
return id;
}

public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}

public String getName() {
return name;
}

public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name == null ? null : name.trim();
}

public Float getPrice() {
return price;
}

public void setPrice(Float price) {
this.price = price;
}

public String getPic() {
return pic;
}

public void setPic(String pic) {
this.pic = pic == null ? null : pic.trim();
}

public Date getCreatetime() {
return createtime;
}

public void setCreatetime(Date createtime) {
this.createtime = createtime;
}

public String getDetail() {
return detail;
}

public void setDetail(String detail) {
this.detail = detail == null ? null : detail.trim();
}
}

package com.js.springmvc.first;

public class Orderdetail {
private Integer id;

private Integer ordersId;

private Integer itemsId;

private Integer itemsNum;

public Integer getId() {
return id;
}

public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}

public Integer getOrdersId() {
return ordersId;
}

public void setOrdersId(Integer ordersId) {
this.ordersId = ordersId;
}

public Integer getItemsId() {
return itemsId;
}

public void setItemsId(Integer itemsId) {
this.itemsId = itemsId;
}

public Integer getItemsNum() {
return itemsNum;
}

public void setItemsNum(Integer itemsNum) {
this.itemsNum = itemsNum;
}
}

package com.js.springmvc.first;

import java.util.Date;

public class Orders {
private Integer id;

private Integer userId;

private String number;

private Date createtime;

private String note;

public Integer getId() {
return id;
}

public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}

public Integer getUserId() {
return userId;
}

public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}

public String getNumber() {
return number;
}

public void setNumber(String number) {
this.number = number == null ? null : number.trim();
}

public Date getCreatetime() {
return createtime;
}

public void setCreatetime(Date createtime) {
this.createtime = createtime;
}

public String getNote() {
return note;
}

public void setNote(String note) {
this.note = note == null ? null : note.trim();
}
}

package com.js.springmvc.first;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
*
* <p>Title: User</p>
* <p>Description: /p>
* <p>Company: www.itcast.com</p>
* @author
* @date	2015-3-1710:00:07
* @version 1.0
*/
public class User implements Serializable {
private int id;
private String username;
private String sex;
private Date birthday;
private String address;

public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", sex=" + sex
+ ", birthday=" + birthday + ", address=" + address + "]";
}

}

7、编写itemsList.jsp：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" prefix="fmt"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>查询商品列表</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/item/queryItem.action" method="post">
查询条件：
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" value="查询"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
商品列表：
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
<td>商品名称</td>
<td>商品价格</td>
<td>生产日期</td>
<td>商品描述</td>
<td>操作</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${itemsList }" var="item">
<tr>
<td>${item.name }</td>
<td>${item.price }</td>
<td><fmt:formatDate value="${item.createtime}" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH-mm-ss"/></td>
<td>${item.detail }</td>

<td><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/item/editItem.action?id=${item.id}">修改</a></td>

</tr>
</c:forEach>

</table>
</form>
</body>

</html>

项目编写完成，访问：http://js-pc:8080/springmvcProj01/itemList.action，页面如下所示。