ubuntu 启动错误：filesystem check or mount failed.

ubuntu 启动错误：filesystem check or mount failed.

Filesystem check or mount failed.
A maintenance shell will now be started. CONTROL-D will terminate this shell and continue booting
after re-trying filesystems. Any further errors will be ignored.
Give root password for maintenance
(or type ctrl-D to continue)

mount -o remount,rw /
dpkg --configure -a
mount -o remount,ro /
sync
reboot

#fsck -f -c
#fsck.ext4 -f /dev/sda2

/etc/fstab

Have a look at /var/log/dmesg, /var/log/boot.log and see if its having problems with mounting, rather than corruption.

The /dev/sda2 and /dev/sda5 were being mounted in the wrong place.
Instead of being mounted in /home and /boot as per /etc/fstab, they were being mounted in new directories in /media
called /media/usbhd-sda2 and /media/usbhd-sda5. Upon deleting those folders, everything has gone back to normal.
I have no idea how those new folders got created...but problem solved now.

The problem in udev that do automount to filesystems that he find.
The config laying in /etc/udev/rules.d <--- there is some file with extention *.rules
The first string in the file is "KERNEL!="sd[a-z][0-9]", GOTO="media_by_label_auto_mount_end"
Mostly main fs mounted from device /dev/sda... to make udev ignore /dev/sda just change the string to:
"KERNEL!="sd[b-z][0-9]", GOTO="media_by_label_auto_mount_end
If you have more that two physical hdds sdb\sdc\sdd make the changes in config.
That help me to solve the same problem that samson had.

自己的解决方法

进展 1

ctrl-D

mountall start/starting
Filesystem check or mount failed.
A maintenance shell will now be started. CONTROL-D will terminate this shell and continue booting
after re-trying filesystems. Any further errors will be ignored.
Give root password for maintenance
(or type ctrl-D to continue)

mountall start/starting

/var/log/dmeg

cat /var/log/dmeg | grep mountall

root@stackcontroller:/home/ubuntu# cat /var/log/dmesg |grep mountall
[    8.153842] init: mountall main process (293) terminated with status 2
[  262.179491] init: mountall main process (322) terminated with status 2

/var/log/dmeg

cat /var/log/dmeg | grep sda

root@stackcontroller:/home/ubuntu# cat /var/log/dmesg |grep sda
[    2.573476] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 1953525168 512-byte logical blocks: (1.00 TB/931 GiB)
[    2.573479] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 4096-byte physical blocks
[    2.573546] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[    2.573550] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[    2.573573] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[    2.616699]  sda: sda1 sda2 sda3
[    2.617036] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk
[    3.599357] EXT4-fs (sda2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[  430.011487] Adding 8340476k swap on /dev/sda3.  Priority:-1 extents:1 across:8340476k FS
[  432.501675] EXT4-fs (sda2): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro

[    8.153842] init: mountall main process (293) terminated with status 2

ctrl-D

Ctrl + alt + F2

进展 2

"mountall start/starting" Filesystem check or mount failed

Managed to FSCK it enough to run:
'mount -o rw,remount /'
Followed by:
'sudo mountall'
Which allowed me to load Ubuntu 13.10 (but pretty badly damaged).
Then summoned a Terminal window (Ctrl-Alt-T) and ran:
'sudo dpkg --configure -a'
which fixed the broken install, then ran:
'sudo apt-get install -f'
which fixed the broken packages.

进展 3

/var/log/messages

进展 4

df -h

mount /dev/sda2

swapon -f /dev/sda3

initctl status

mountall-shell

进展 5