aspose.words 操作word生成试卷

最近做了一个在线组卷的项目。主要功能实现word排版、预览，生成试卷。刚开始涉及到word操作一心想到的就是 office COM组件 来操作word 。大概两周时间就写好整个系统的代码。然后就开始反复测试，本地感觉良好，能够顺利生成一份word试卷，并且性能还行。于是迫不及待的发布到了服务器。

下面说说发布遇到的一些情况，首先一个就是遇到索 COM 类工厂中 CLSID 为 {000209FF-0000-0000-C000-000000000046} 的组件失败，原因是出现以下错误: 8000401a 因为配置标识不正确，系统无法开始服务器进程。请检查用户名和密码。 (异常来自 HRESULT:0x8000401A)。

首先这中问题全都是权限所导致，解决的办法只要配置权限就可以了。不光对excel和word有用，对所有的office产品都有效果。

进入正题，首先，在运行中输入dcomcnfg打开组件服务管理器->组件服务->我的电脑->DCOM->找到对应的Microsoft excel applicotion/Microsoft word 97-2003文档，然后右键属性激活启动权限都给足够了就ok了。 --------没问题这个问题解决了。

下面再说说第二个情况》性能问题：由于我们该系统是我们网站下一个子系统。所以有一定的用户基础。该系统一上线就有大量的用户访问。刚开始一天组卷四五百份，慢慢的组卷量越来越大，这是系统就开始出问题了。首先一个就是在进程里面出现了很多 winWord.exe进程。不能结束掉。虽然系统代码里面Quit进程，并且对资源也进行了回收，但是问题始终得不到解决。大量winword.exe进程的后果就是服务器变慢了。应为该组件办本身就特别耗内存。

没办法问题要解决呀。最后的无赖之举就是KIll 写了一个定时服务，定时Kill掉没有运行的winword进程。这样做治标不治本的。、

这里要说一下微软Office是主要针对普通用户开发的桌面办公应用软件，它具有丰富的UI（用户界面）元素，是一套纯粹的本地运行软件或者说是客户端软件。Word自动化接口主要是为了方便窗口应用程序调用而设计的。例如Delphi、VB、C# Winform等开发的本地应用程序。虽然可以强制Visible为false，Word可以运行在服务器端代码里，但毕竟还是会带来许多棘手问题。

1. ASP.NET是基于B/S架构的。B/S架构下用户访问都是并发的，也就是说经常会出现同时N个用户对一个服务器页面发出请求。在这种情况下Word自动化调用会时常出现死进程。

2. 由于隐藏界面运行，一些涉及界面的可以在窗口程序里成功调用的接口，在服务器端调用就会失败，甚至崩溃，这种情况也会经常导致死进程。

3. 由于Word是复杂的桌面程序，并不符合一般Web服务程序简洁高效的标准，所以在服务器端运行时速度慢，并且还会消耗大量资源(CPU、内存)，尤其不能支持大量用户同时访问，资源会很快耗尽。

4. 绝大部分开发者对COM技术比较陌生，在编程调用Word接口时经常存在一些代码错误，而又很难检查到问题所在，这又是导致死进程的经常因素。Word死进程不仅会消耗服务器资源，还经常会导致服务器页面不能创建新的Word自动化对象而无法继续工作。有网友提出死进程解决方法：编程Kill掉Word死进程，这样是治标不治本的做法，Word死进程是不在了，可是Word非正常关闭会导致很多资源无法及时释放。这样的Web服务器能持续工作多久恐怕就很难说了。

为了解决这些问题，笔者经过全面研究比较，发现网上有一款组件件aspose.words，完全消除了以上问题，推荐给大家分享。

下面我把aspose.words组件的一些操作代码分享给大家希望对需要的人有所帮助

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private DocumentBuilder oWordApplic; // a reference to Word application

private Aspose.Words.Document oDoc; // a reference to the document

public void OpenWithTemplate(string strFileName)

{

if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(strFileName))

{

oDoc = new Aspose.Words.Document(strFileName);

}

}

public void Open()

{

oDoc = new Aspose.Words.Document();

}

public void Builder()

{

oWordApplic = new DocumentBuilder(oDoc);

}

/// <summary>

/// 保存文件

/// </summary>

/// <param name="strFileName"></param>

public void SaveAs(string strFileName)

{

if (this.Docversion == 2007)

{

oDoc.Save(strFileName,SaveFormat.Docx);

}else

{

oDoc.Save(strFileName,SaveFormat.Doc);

}

}

/// <summary>

/// 添加内容

/// </summary>

/// <param name="strText"></param>

public void InsertText(string strText, double conSize, bool conBold, string conAlign)

{

oWordApplic.Bold = conBold;

oWordApplic.Font.Size = conSize;

switch (conAlign)

{

case "left":

oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Left;

break;

case "center":

oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;

break;

case "right":

oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Right;

break;

default:

oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Left;

break;

}

oWordApplic.Writeln(strText);

}

/// <summary>

/// 添加内容

/// </summary>

/// <param name="strText"></param>

public void WriteText(string strText, double conSize, bool conBold, string conAlign)

{

oWordApplic.Bold = conBold;

oWordApplic.Font.Size = conSize;

switch (conAlign)

{

case "left":

oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Left;

break;

case "center":

oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;

break;

case "right":

oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Right;

break;

default:

oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Left;

break;

}

oWordApplic.Write(strText);

}

#region 设置纸张

public void setPaperSize(string papersize)

{

switch (papersize)

{

case "A4":

foreach (Aspose.Words.Section section in oDoc)

{

section.PageSetup.PaperSize = PaperSize.A4;

section.PageSetup.Orientation = Orientation.Portrait;

section.PageSetup.VerticalAlignment = Aspose.Words.PageVerticalAlignment.Top;

}

break;

case "A4H"://A4横向

foreach (Aspose.Words.Section section in oDoc)

{

section.PageSetup.PaperSize = PaperSize.A4;

section.PageSetup.Orientation = Orientation.Landscape;

section.PageSetup.TextColumns.SetCount(2);

section.PageSetup.TextColumns.EvenlySpaced = true;

section.PageSetup.TextColumns.LineBetween =true;

//section.PageSetup.LeftMargin = double.Parse("3.35");

//section.PageSetup.RightMargin =double.Parse("0.99");

}

break;

case "A3":

foreach (Aspose.Words.Section section in oDoc)

{

section.PageSetup.PaperSize = PaperSize.A3;

section.PageSetup.Orientation = Orientation.Portrait;

}

break;

case "A3H"://A3横向

foreach (Aspose.Words.Section section in oDoc)

{

section.PageSetup.PaperSize = PaperSize.A3;

section.PageSetup.Orientation = Orientation.Landscape;

section.PageSetup.TextColumns.SetCount(2);

section.PageSetup.TextColumns.EvenlySpaced = true;

section.PageSetup.TextColumns.LineBetween = true;

}

break;

case "16K":

foreach (Aspose.Words.Section section in oDoc)

{

section.PageSetup.PaperSize = PaperSize.B5;

section.PageSetup.Orientation = Orientation.Portrait;

}

break;

case "8KH":

foreach (Aspose.Words.Section section in oDoc)

{

section.PageSetup.PageWidth = double.Parse("36.4 ");//纸张宽度

section.PageSetup.PageHeight = double.Parse("25.7");//纸张高度

section.PageSetup.Orientation = Orientation.Landscape;

section.PageSetup.TextColumns.SetCount(2);

section.PageSetup.TextColumns.EvenlySpaced = true;

section.PageSetup.TextColumns.LineBetween = true;

//section.PageSetup.LeftMargin = double.Parse("3.35");

//section.PageSetup.RightMargin = double.Parse("0.99");

}

break;

}

}

#endregion

public void SetHeade(string strBookmarkName, string text)

{

if (oDoc.Range.Bookmarks[strBookmarkName] != null)

{

Aspose.Words.Bookmark mark = oDoc.Range.Bookmarks[strBookmarkName];

mark.Text = text;

}

}

public void InsertFile(string vfilename)

{

Aspose.Words.Document srcDoc = new Aspose.Words.Document(vfilename);

Node insertAfterNode = oWordApplic.CurrentParagraph.PreviousSibling;

InsertDocument(insertAfterNode, oDoc, srcDoc);

}

public void InsertFile(string vfilename, string strBookmarkName,int pNum)

{

//Aspose.Words.Document srcDoc = new Aspose.Words.Document(vfilename);

//Aspose.Words.Bookmark bookmark = oDoc.Range.Bookmarks[strBookmarkName];

//InsertDocument(bookmark.BookmarkStart.ParentNode, srcDoc);

//替换插入word内容

oWordApplic.Document.Range.Replace(new System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(strBookmarkName),

new InsertDocumentAtReplaceHandler(vfilename, pNum), false);

}

/// <summary>

/// 插入word内容

/// </summary>

/// <param name="insertAfterNode"></param>

/// <param name="mainDoc"></param>

/// <param name="srcDoc"></param>

public static void InsertDocument(Node insertAfterNode, Aspose.Words.Document mainDoc, Aspose.Words.Document srcDoc)

{

// Make sure that the node is either a pargraph or table.

if ((insertAfterNode.NodeType != NodeType.Paragraph)

& (insertAfterNode.NodeType != NodeType.Table))

throw new Exception("The destination node should be either a paragraph or table.");

//We will be inserting into the parent of the destination paragraph.

CompositeNode dstStory = insertAfterNode.ParentNode;

//Remove empty paragraphs from the end of document

while (null != srcDoc.LastSection.Body.LastParagraph && !srcDoc.LastSection.Body.LastParagraph.HasChildNodes)

{

srcDoc.LastSection.Body.LastParagraph.Remove();

}

NodeImporter importer = new NodeImporter(srcDoc, mainDoc, ImportFormatMode.KeepSourceFormatting);

//Loop through all sections in the source document.

int sectCount = srcDoc.Sections.Count;

for (int sectIndex = 0; sectIndex < sectCount; sectIndex++)

{

Aspose.Words.Section srcSection = srcDoc.Sections[sectIndex];

//Loop through all block level nodes (paragraphs and tables) in the body of the section.

int nodeCount = srcSection.Body.ChildNodes.Count;

for (int nodeIndex = 0; nodeIndex < nodeCount; nodeIndex++)

{

Node srcNode = srcSection.Body.ChildNodes[nodeIndex];

Node newNode = importer.ImportNode(srcNode, true);

dstStory.InsertAfter(newNode, insertAfterNode);

insertAfterNode = newNode;

}

}

}

static void InsertDocument(Node insertAfterNode, Aspose.Words.Document srcDoc)

{

// Make sure that the node is either a paragraph or table.

if ((!insertAfterNode.NodeType.Equals(NodeType.Paragraph)) &

(!insertAfterNode.NodeType.Equals(NodeType.Table)))

throw new ArgumentException("The destination node should be either a paragraph or table.");

// We will be inserting into the parent of the destination paragraph.

CompositeNode dstStory = insertAfterNode.ParentNode;

// This object will be translating styles and lists during the import.

NodeImporter importer = new NodeImporter(srcDoc, insertAfterNode.Document, ImportFormatMode.KeepSourceFormatting);

// Loop through all sections in the source document.

foreach (Aspose.Words.Section srcSection in srcDoc.Sections)

{

// Loop through all block level nodes (paragraphs and tables) in the body of the section.

foreach (Node srcNode in srcSection.Body)

{

// Let's skip the node if it is a last empty paragraph in a section.

if (srcNode.NodeType.Equals(NodeType.Paragraph))

{

Aspose.Words.Paragraph para = (Aspose.Words.Paragraph)srcNode;

if (para.IsEndOfSection && !para.HasChildNodes)

continue;

}

// This creates a clone of the node, suitable for insertion into the destination document.

Node newNode = importer.ImportNode(srcNode, true);

// Insert new node after the reference node.

dstStory.InsertAfter(newNode, insertAfterNode);

insertAfterNode = newNode;

}

}

}

/// <summary>

/// 换行

/// </summary>

public void InsertLineBreak()

{

oWordApplic.InsertBreak(BreakType.LineBreak);

}

/// <summary>

/// 换多行

/// </summary>

/// <param name="nline"></param>

public void InsertLineBreak(int nline)

{

for (int i = 0; i < nline; i++)

oWordApplic.InsertBreak(BreakType.LineBreak);

}

#region InsertScoreTable

public bool InsertScoreTable(bool dishand, bool distab, string handText)

{

try

{

oWordApplic.StartTable();//开始画Table

oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Left;

//添加Word表格

oWordApplic.InsertCell();

oWordApplic.CellFormat.Width = 115.0;

oWordApplic.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = Aspose.Words.Tables.PreferredWidth.FromPoints(115);

oWordApplic.CellFormat.Borders.LineStyle = LineStyle.None;

oWordApplic.StartTable();//开始画Table

oWordApplic.RowFormat.Height = 20.2;

oWordApplic.InsertCell();

oWordApplic.CellFormat.Borders.LineStyle = LineStyle.Single;

oWordApplic.Font.Size = 10.5;

oWordApplic.Bold = false;

oWordApplic.Write("评卷人");

oWordApplic.CellFormat.VerticalAlignment = Aspose.Words.Tables.CellVerticalAlignment.Center;//垂直居中对齐

oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;

oWordApplic.CellFormat.Width = 50.0;

oWordApplic.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = Aspose.Words.Tables.PreferredWidth.FromPoints(50);

oWordApplic.RowFormat.Height = 20.0;

oWordApplic.InsertCell();

oWordApplic.CellFormat.Borders.LineStyle = LineStyle.Single;

oWordApplic.Font.Size = 10.5;

oWordApplic.Bold = false;

oWordApplic.Write("得分");

oWordApplic.CellFormat.VerticalAlignment = Aspose.Words.Tables.CellVerticalAlignment.Center;//垂直居中对齐

oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;

oWordApplic.CellFormat.Width = 50.0;

oWordApplic.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = Aspose.Words.Tables.PreferredWidth.FromPoints(50);

oWordApplic.EndRow();

oWordApplic.RowFormat.Height = 25.0;

oWordApplic.InsertCell();

oWordApplic.RowFormat.Height = 25.0;

oWordApplic.InsertCell();

oWordApplic.EndRow();

oWordApplic.EndTable();

oWordApplic.InsertCell();

oWordApplic.CellFormat.Width = 300.0;

oWordApplic.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = Aspose.Words.Tables.PreferredWidth.Auto;

oWordApplic.CellFormat.Borders.LineStyle = LineStyle.None;

oWordApplic.CellFormat.VerticalAlignment = Aspose.Words.Tables.CellVerticalAlignment.Center;//垂直居中对齐

oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Left;

oWordApplic.Font.Size = 11;

oWordApplic.Bold = true;

oWordApplic.Write(handText);

oWordApplic.EndRow();

oWordApplic.RowFormat.Height = 28;

oWordApplic.EndTable();

return true;

}

catch

{

return false;

}

}

#endregion

#region 插入表格

public bool InsertTable(System.Data.DataTable dt, bool haveBorder)

{

Aspose.Words.Tables.Table table= oWordApplic.StartTable();//开始画Table

ParagraphAlignment paragraphAlignmentValue = oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment;

oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;

//添加Word表格

for (int row = 0; row < dt.Rows.Count; row++)

{

oWordApplic.RowFormat.Height =25;

for (int col = 0; col < dt.Columns.Count; col++)

{

oWordApplic.InsertCell();

oWordApplic.Font.Size = 10.5;

oWordApplic.Font.Name = "宋体";

oWordApplic.CellFormat.VerticalAlignment = Aspose.Words.Tables.CellVerticalAlignment.Center;//垂直居中对齐

oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//水平居中对齐

oWordApplic.CellFormat.Width = 50.0;

oWordApplic.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = Aspose.Words.Tables.PreferredWidth.FromPoints(50);

if (haveBorder == true)

{

//设置外框样式

oWordApplic.CellFormat.Borders.LineStyle = LineStyle.Single;

//样式设置结束

}

oWordApplic.Write(dt.Rows[row][col].ToString());

}

oWordApplic.EndRow();

}

oWordApplic.EndTable();

oWordApplic.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = paragraphAlignmentValue;

table.Alignment=Aspose.Words.Tables.TableAlignment.Center;

table.PreferredWidth = Aspose.Words.Tables.PreferredWidth.Auto;

return true;

}

#endregion

public void InsertPagebreak( )

{

oWordApplic.InsertBreak(BreakType.PageBreak);

}

public void InsertBookMark(string BookMark)

{

oWordApplic.StartBookmark(BookMark);

oWordApplic.EndBookmark(BookMark);

}

public void GotoBookMark(string strBookMarkName)

{

oWordApplic.MoveToBookmark(strBookMarkName);

}

public void ClearBookMark()

{

oDoc.Range.Bookmarks.Clear();

}

public void ReplaceText(string oleText, string newText)

{

//System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex reg = new System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(oleText);

oDoc.Range.Replace(oleText, newText, false,false);

}

private class InsertDocumentAtReplaceHandler : IReplacingCallback

{

private string vfilename;

private int pNum;

public InsertDocumentAtReplaceHandler(string filename, int _pNum)

{

this.vfilename = filename;

this.pNum = _pNum;

}

ReplaceAction IReplacingCallback.Replacing(ReplacingArgs e)

{

Document subDoc = new Document(this.vfilename);

subDoc.FirstSection.Body.FirstParagraph.InsertAfter(new Run(subDoc, this.pNum + "."), null);

// Insert a document after the paragraph, containing the match text.

Node currentNode = e.MatchNode;

Paragraph para = (Paragraph)e.MatchNode.ParentNode;

InsertDocument(para, subDoc);

// Remove the paragraph with the match text.

e.MatchNode.Remove();

e.MatchNode.Range.Delete();

return ReplaceAction.Skip;

}

}

}

}

最后来看看生成的word试卷效果



附件地址：下载aspose.word操作源码