Android Activity通过Service更新时间

Android中Service功能强大，使用它来更新时间简直是大材小用，然而作为我们学习练习，这样使用也是情有可原的，通过这样简单的使用，来熟悉Service的基本用法，通俗易懂，还是比较容易理解的

启动Service有两种方式，分别是调用startService()和bindService()来启动，我们就分别使用这两种方式来更新界面时间

基本知识：

一、startService()和bindService()启动Service的区别，从Service启动的生命周期来看，区别还是比较大的



二、Service与Activity的通信方式，在这里我们使用接口和广播，实现如下：

接口：

public interface InTimeListener {
public void callBackFun(Bundle bundle);
}

TimeService：

public class TimeService extends Service {
private boolean serviceRunning = false;
private InTimeListener inTimerListener;

public class TimeBinder extends Binder {
TimeService getService() {
return TimeService.this;
}

}

public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
System.out.println("--TimeService onCreate()--");
serviceRunning = true;
}

public void beginTimeListener() {
new Thread() {
public void run() {
while (serviceRunning) {
Bundle timeBundle = getTime();

/** 使用广播传递信息 */
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction("com.example.administrator.javastudy.service.TimeReceiver");
intent.putExtras(timeBundle);
sendBroadcast(intent);

try {
sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

4000
}
}
}.start();
}

public void startTimeListener() {
if (inTimerListener != null) {
new Thread() {
public void run() {
while (serviceRunning) {
Bundle timeBundle = getTime();
/** 使用回调函数传递信息 */
inTimerListener.callBackFun(timeBundle);
try {
sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}.start();
}
}

public Bundle getTime() {
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
Bundle timeBundle = new Bundle();
timeBundle.putString("year", String.valueOf(calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR)));
timeBundle.putString("month", String.valueOf(calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1));
timeBundle.putString("day", String.valueOf(calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH)));
timeBundle.putString("hour", String.valueOf(calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY)));
timeBundle.putString("minute", String.valueOf(calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE)));
timeBundle.putString("second", String.valueOf(calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND)));

SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
String strFormattTme = format.format(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()));

timeBundle.putString("formatTime", strFormattTme);

return timeBundle;
}

/** 设置回调接口 **/
public void setTimerLintener(InTimeListener inTimerListener) {
this.inTimerListener = inTimerListener;
}

public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// bindService()方式启动时调用
System.out.println("--TimeService onBind()--");
return new TimeBinder();
}

public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
// 使用startService()方式启动时调用
beginTimeListener();
System.out.println("--TimeService onStartCommand()--");
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}

public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
System.out.println("--TimeService onUnbind()--");
return super.onUnbind(intent);
}

public void onDestroy() {
serviceRunning = false;
System.out.println("--TimeService onDestroy()--");
super.onDestroy();
}
}

广播接收者：

public class TimeReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

private InTimeListener inTimeListener;

public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
if(inTimeListener!= null){
Bundle dataBundle = intent.getExtras();
inTimeListener.callBackFun(dataBundle);
}
}

public void setmTimeListener(InTimeListener inTimeListener){
this.inTimeListener = inTimeListener;
}

}

TimeActivity：

public class TimeActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

private TextView mTxtTime;

private Intent mIntent;
private TimeService mTimeService;
private TimeServiceConn mTimeServiceConn;
private TimeService.TimeBinder mTimeBinder = null;

private TimeReceiver mTimeReceiver;

/**
* Handler处理信息
*/
private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
//在handler中更新UI
Bundle timeBundle = msg.getData();
String strYear = timeBundle.getString("year") +
"年 " + timeBundle.getString("month") +
"月 " + timeBundle.getString("day") +
"日 " + timeBundle.getString("hour") +
"时 " + timeBundle.getString("minute") +
"分 " + timeBundle.getString("second") +
"秒";

mTxtTime.setText(strYear);
}
};

/**
* 广播接收器接收信息(静态注册方式)
* TimeActivity$TimeReceiver; no empty constructor
* http://blog.csdn.net/xzongyuan/article/details/39991509 */
//    public class TimeReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
//        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
//            Bundle timeBundle = intent.getExtras();
//            String strYear = timeBundle.getString("year") +
//                    "年 " + timeBundle.getString("month") +
//                    "月 " + timeBundle.getString("day") +
//                    "日 " + timeBundle.getString("hour") +
//                    "时 " + timeBundle.getString("minute") +
//                    "分 " + timeBundle.getString("second") +
//                    "秒";
//            mTxtTime.setText(strYear);
//        }
//    }

class TimeServiceConn implements ServiceConnection {
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
System.out.println("---ServiceConnection onServiceConnected()---");
mTimeBinder = (TimeService.TimeBinder) service;
mTimeService = mTimeBinder.getService();
mTimeBinder.getService().setTimerLintener(
new InTimeListener() {
@Override
public void callBackFun(Bundle bundle) {
Message msg = new Message();
msg.setData(bundle);
mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
}
});
}

public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
System.out.println("---ServiceConnection onServiceDisconnected()---");
mTimeBinder = null;
}
}

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
System.out.println("---MainActivity onCreate()---");
setContentView(R.layout.activity_time);

onInit();
}

public void onInit() {

mTxtTime = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txt_time);

mIntent = new Intent(this, TimeService.class);
mTimeServiceConn = new TimeServiceConn();

/**
* 启动Service方式一：startService
* */
startService(mIntent);

/**
* 启动Service方式二：bindService
* */
//        bindService(mIntent, mTimeServiceConn, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

/**
* 动态广播注册
* */
mTimeReceiver = new TimeReceiver();
mTimeReceiver.setmTimeListener(new InTimeListener() {
// 回调函数
public void callBackFun(Bundle timeBundle) {
if (timeBundle != null) {
String strYear = timeBundle.getString("year") +
"年 " + timeBundle.getString("month") +
"月 " + timeBundle.getString("day") +
"日 " + timeBundle.getString("hour") +
"时 " + timeBundle.getString("minute") +
"分 " + timeBundle.getString("second") +
"秒";

String strFormatTime = timeBundle.getString("formatTime");

mTxtTime.setText(strFormatTime);
}
}
});

IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction("com.example.administrator.javastudy.service.TimeReceiver");
registerReceiver(mTimeReceiver,filter);
}

public void onStart() {
super.onStart();
System.out.println("---MainActivity onStart()---");
}

public void onResume() {
super.onResume();
System.out.println("---MainActivity onResume()---");

if (mTimeService != null) {
mTimeService.startTimeListener();
}
}

public void onPause() {
super.onPause();

System.out.println("---MainActivity onPause()---");
}

public void onStop() {
super.onStop();
System.out.println("---MainActivity onStop()---");
}

public void onDestroy() {
/**
* 停止service方式一：stopService
* */
stopService(mIntent);

/**
* 停止service方式二：unbindService
* */
//        if (mTimeBinder != null) {
//            unbindService(mTimeServiceConn);
//        }

unregisterReceiver(mTimeReceiver);

System.out.println("---MainActivity onDestroy()---");
super.onDestroy();
}

Service注册：

<!-- 注册service -->
<service android:name="com.example.administrator.javastudy.service.TimeService" />
</application>

结果截图：