流媒体服务器之nginx的rtmp模块 推荐

1 简介RTMP是Real Time Messaging Protocol（实时消息传输协议）的首字母缩写。该协议基于TCP，是一个协议族，包括RTMP基本协议及RTMPT/RTMPS/RTMPE等多种变种。RTMP是一种设计用来进行实时数据通信的网络协议，主要用来在Flash/AIR平台和支持RTMP协议的流媒体/交互服务器之间进行音视频和数据通信。支持该协议的软件包括Adobe Media Server/Ultrant Media Server/red5等。2 环境[b]2.1 环境信息[/b]IP Address=10.168.0.51HostName=rtmp.cmdschool.orgOS=CentOS 7.3[b]2.2 yum源配置[/b]

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make expat-devel
yum -y install rpm-build

[b]2.3 创建构建用户[/b]useradd -u 1001 builder[b]2.4 关闭selinux[/b]

setenforce 0
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

3 构建rpm包部分[b]3.1 下载安装包[/b]

su - builder
cd ~
wget http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/SRPMS/nginx-1.8.1-1.el7.ngx.src.rpm wget -O nginx-rtmp-module-master.zip https://codeload.github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/zip/master[/code][b]3.2 解压并测试构建环境[/b][b][b]3.2.1 构建环境和测试[/b][/b]
rpm -ivh nginx-1.8.1-1.el7.ngx.src.rpm
rpmbuild -bb rpmbuild/SPECS/nginx.spec
[b][b]3.2.2 异常情况[/b][/b]如果看到类似提示：
warning: bogus date in %changelog: Thu Aug  5 2014 Sergey Budnevitch <sb@nginx.com>
warning: bogus date in %changelog: Thu Jul 12 2014 Sergey Budnevitch <sb@nginx.com>
warning: bogus date in %changelog: Tue Jul 17 2013 Sergey Budnevitch <sb@nginx.com>
warning: bogus date in %changelog: Tue May  6 2013 Sergey Budnevitch <sb@nginx.com>
warning: bogus date in %changelog: Tue Aug 10 2011 Sergey Budnevitch
error: Failed build dependencies:
openssl-devel >= 1.0.1 is needed by nginx-1:1.8.1-1.el7.centos.ngx.x86_64
zlib-devel is needed by nginx-1:1.8.1-1.el7.centos.ngx.x86_64
pcre-devel is needed by nginx-1:1.8.1-1.el7.centos.ngx.x86_64
请先解决包的依赖关系然后重试：
exit
yum install -y openssl-devel zlib-devel pcre-devel
[b][b]3.2.3 正常情况[/b][/b]如果末尾类似的提示表示构建环境测试通过或称重新打包完成：
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/builder/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ cd nginx-1.8.1
+ /bin/rm -rf /home/builder/rpmbuild/BUILDROOT/nginx-1.8.1-1.el6.ngx.x86_64
+ exit 0
[b]3.3 配置增加模块的源文件[/b]
unzip nginx-rtmp-module-master.zip
cp -a nginx-rtmp-module-master nginx-rtmp-module
tar zcvf nginx-rtmp-module.tar.gz nginx-rtmp-module
cp nginx-rtmp-module.tar.gz rpmbuild/SOURCES/
[b]3.4 修改构建文件[/b][b][b]3.4.1 创建配置文件副本[/b][/b]
cp rpmbuild/SPECS/nginx.spec rpmbuild/SPECS/nginx.spec.default
[b][b]3.4.2 修改配置文件参数[/b][/b]
vim rpmbuild/SPECS/nginx.spec
修改如下参数：
Source10: nginx.suse.logrotate
Source11: nginx-rtmp-module.tar.gz
[..]
%setup -q
%setup -T -D -b 11

%build
[..]
--add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module
$*
make %{?_smp_mflags}
注：增加第2,5,9行

[b]3.5 重新构建rpm包[/b]
rpmbuild -bb rpmbuild/SPECS/nginx.spec
exit
4 配置RTMP服务
[b]4.1 安装nginx包[/b]
cd /home/builder/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/
yum -y install nginx-1.8.1-1.el7.centos.ngx.x86_64.rpm
注：以上包可拷贝到其他CentOS7.3的机器上安装

[b]4.2 确认模块启用[/b]
nginx -V
显示如下：
nginx version: nginx/1.8.1
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-file-aio --with-ipv6 --with-http_spdy_module --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic'
可见配置的参数后面有加载模块：
--add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module
[b]4.3 程序数据目录[/b]
mkdir -p /var/www/html
chown nginx:nginx /var/www/html
chmod 700 /var/www/html
[b]4.4 创建配置文件[/b]
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
修改内容如下：
worker_processes 1;

events {
worker_connections 1024;
}

rtmp {
server {
listen 1935;
chunk_size 4096;
application myapp {      # 定义一个频道myapp
live on;
play /var/www/html;   # 定义频道的根目录
}
}
}

http {
server {
listen 80;
location /stat {           # 定义状态的访问URI
rtmp_stat all;
rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl;
}

location /stat.xsl {       # 定义状态文件路径
root /var/www/html;
}

location / {               # 定义播放器网页访问的URI和根目录
root /var/www/html;
}

}
}
[b]4.5 重启服务并配置服务默认启动[/b]
systemctl restart nginx
systemctl enable nginx
[b]4.6 配置防火墙[/b]
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port 1935/tcp
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service http
firewall-cmd --reload
firewall-cmd --list-all
[b][b]4.7 上传测试文件[/b][/b]拍一个手机视频（MP4文件）上传到频道定义目录“/var/www/html”用于测试（笔者上传的是“1431308733062.mp4”）。

注：由于Nginx的rtmp模块一个简单的流媒体服务器，故对编码格式支持有限，他需要“ffmpeg”来补充，由于本案例只是基于Nginx扩展模块实现流媒体服务器，故这里不详述。
5 客户端配置[b]5.1 下载客户端并解压[/b]
cd /var/www/html
wget https://ssl.p.jwpcdn.com/player/download/jwplayer-7.10.7.zip unzip jwplayer-7.10.7.zip
注：下载前要先在官网注册账号

[b]5.2 使用代码加载播放器[/b]
vim /var/www/html/index.html
输入如下内容：

<html>
<head>
<script src='./jwplayer-7.10.7/jwplayer.js'></script>
<script>jwplayer.key='******XCUoBbOY0Xq+PLboip3jP7gEy4******==';</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="player">Loading the player...</div>
<script>
// Setup the player
const player = jwplayer('player').setup({
file: 'rtmp://10.168.0.51/myapp/1431308733062.mp4'
});

// Listen to an event
player.on('pause', (event) => {
alert('Why did my user pause their video instead of watching it?');
});

// Call the API
const bumpIt = () => {
const vol = player.getVolume();
player.setVolume(vol + 10);
}
bumpIt();
</script>
</body>
</html>
注：修改第3,4,11行，其中第3行是播放器的解压位置，第4行是播放器的SN，第11行是流媒体的绝对路径。

[b]5.3 测试播放[/b]
http://10.168.0.51



[b]5.4 监视播放状态[/b]
http://10.168.0.51/stat


=====================================
参阅资料http://nginx.org/en/docs/
https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module
https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/wiki/Directives
https://github.com/jwplayer/jwplayer
http://www.tuicool.com/articles/iauQNr http://www.cuplayer.com/player/PlayerCode/Nginx/2016/0509/2375.htmlhttps://wenku.baidu.com/view/1bb9e587ad51f01dc381f13b.html https://wenku.baidu.com/view/1bb9e587ad51f01dc381f13b.htmlhttp://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_704836f40102wlmh.htmlhttp://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-08/121324.htm