Linux学习笔记——Ubuntu更新软件源

0.前言 通过改动ubuntu软件源可提高apt命令下载安装软件的速度。 參考资料 【官方资料】——配置文件改动方法 【Ubuntu如何改动软件源地址】——使用ubuntu软件中心改动（推荐） 【at-get update错误处理】
1.使用ubuntu软件中心更新 请參考【Ubuntu如何改动软件源地址】——来自百度经验


图1 打开软件和更新



图2 选择国内软件源
2.使用指令方法改动【1】首先备份源列表sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup
【2】gedit打开 并替换全部内容sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
【2.1】 若ubunt版本号为13.04【163源】deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse【阿里云源】deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse
【2.2】 若ubuntu版本号为12.04将上述列表地址中的 raring 替换为 precise 就可以
【3】刷新列表sudo apt-get update
【3.1】若运行apt-get update产生错误 【错误现象】 E: Could not get lock /var/lib/apt/lists/lock - open (11 Resource temporarily unavailable) E: Unable to lock the list directory
【错误原因】可能为之前操作使用ctrl+c强制退出apt-get 指令。而实际apt-get进程依旧存在。 【解决方法】 【a】查看进程(使用grep指令过滤其它进程) ps -e | grep apt 【b】apt-get进程依旧存在 6362 ? 00:00:00 apt 6934 ? 00:00:00 apt-get 【c】销毁进程 sudo killall apt sudo killall apt-get 【d】又一次运行 sudo apt-get update