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Python+Django+SAE系列教程13-----MySQL记录的添\删\改

2017-04-14 17:54 981 查看
建立了数据库后,我们就来做一个简单的表(person_classroom)的加入、删除、改动的操作。

首先我们建立一个加入的页面的模板Classroom_Add.html(加入的表单)并把它放在Bidding\templates\person中:

Classroom_Add.html:

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>数据库操作简单表的加入</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>这里是Classroom的加入页面</h1>
{% if error %}
<p style="color: red;">请输入班级名称和导师姓名</p>
{% endif %}
<form action="" method="get">
<table border="1" cellpadding="10">
<tr>
<td align="center">项目</td>
<td align="center">内容</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">班级名称:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="name"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">导师姓名:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="tutor"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="加入"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>

</body>
</html>

Classroom_Add_results.html:

<html>
<head>
<title>查询用户结果页</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr>
<td>班级:{{name}}加入成功 !</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/ClassRoom/add/">点击返回</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
上面的 这个文件时加入后的结果页。

然后建立相应的view,我们改动person/views.py 文件

Views.py:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from django.db import connection,transaction
from person.models import *

def ClassroonAdd(request):
if 'name' in request.GET and request.GET['name'] and 'tutor' in request.GET and request.GET['tutor']:
name = request.GET['name']
tutor = request.GET['tutor']

cursor=connection.cursor()
sql='insert into person_classroom (name,tutor) values (\''+name+'\',\''+tutor+'\')'
cursor.execute(sql)
transaction.commit_unless_managed()
cursor.close()

return render_to_response('person/Classroom_Add_results.html',
{'name': name})
else:
return render_to_response('person/Classroom_Add.html', {'error': True})

在改动一下urls.py文件:

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
# from django.contrib import admin
# admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('',
# Examples:
# url(r'^$', 'Bidding.views.home', name='home'),
# url(r'^Bidding/', include('Bidding.foo.urls')),

# Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
# url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),

# Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
# url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
url(r'^hello/$', 'Bidding.views.hello'),
url(r'^time/$', 'Bidding.views.current_datetime'),
url(r'^time/plus/(\d{1,2})/$', 'Bidding.views.hours_ahead'),
url(r'^hello_base/$', 'Bidding.views.hello_base'),
url(r'^request_test/$', 'Bidding.views.request_test'),
url(r'^UsersSearch/$', 'Bidding.Users.views.search_form'),
url(r'^search/$', 'Bidding.Users.views.search'),
url(r'^ClassRoom/add/$', 'person.views.ClassroonAdd'),
)


这时我们的加入就做好了,訪问一下classroom/add这个 页面,就能够看到结果了。





只是上面我们所说的办法是运行一个原始的sql语句,这个方式事实上并非Django推荐的,我们能够直接使用models操作数据库的方法。改造一下ClassroomAdd这个视图:

def ClassroonAdd(request):
if 'name' in request.GET and request.GET['name'] and 'tutor' in request.GET and request.GET['tutor']:
name = request.GET['name']
tutor = request.GET['tutor']
c = ClassRoom(name=name,tutor=tutor)
c.save()

return render_to_response('person/Classroom_Add_results.html',
{'name': name})
else:
return render_to_response('person/Classroom_Add.html', {'error': True})


这个方案即简单,有不用我们非常多sql的语法。而且最重要的是假设更换数据库类型(sqlserver->oracle)。也不会由于受sql语法不一致的影响。

在接下来,我们来做一个列表页,把数据库中的Classroom表的记录以一个表格的形式显示出来。

还是从模板先入手。建立一个Classroom_List.html,放入Bidding\templates\person目录下:

Classroom_List.html:

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>数据库操作简单表的加入</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>这里是Classroom的管理页面</h1>
<table border="1" cellpadding="10">
<tr>
<td align="center">序号</td>
<td align="center">班级名称</td>
<td align="center">导师姓名</td>
</tr>
{% for myclass in ClassroonList%}
<tr>
<td align="right">{{ myclass.id }}</td>
<td align="right">{{ myclass.name }}</td>
<td align="right">{{ myclass.tutor }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</table>

</body>
</html>

加入视图:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from django.db import connection,transaction
from person.models import *

def ClassroonAdd(request):
if 'name' in request.GET and request.GET['name'] and 'tutor' in request.GET and request.GET['tutor']:
name = request.GET['name']
tutor = request.GET['tutor']

cursor=connection.cursor()
sql='insert into person_classroom (name,tutor) values (\''+name+'\',\''+tutor+'\')'
cursor.execute(sql)
transaction.commit_unless_managed()
cursor.close()

return render_to_response('person/Classroom_Add_results.html',
{'name': name})
else:
return render_to_response('person/Classroom_Add.html', {'error': True})

def ClassroonAdd(request): if 'name' in request.GET and request.GET['name'] and 'tutor' in request.GET and request.GET['tutor']: name = request.GET['name'] tutor = request.GET['tutor'] c = ClassRoom(name=name,tutor=tutor) c.save() return render_to_response('person/Classroom_Add_results.html', {'name': name}) else: return render_to_response('person/Classroom_Add.html', {'error': True})

def ClassroonList(request):
cursor=connection.cursor()
sql='select id,name,tutor from person_classroom'
ClassroonList=ClassRoom.objects.raw(sql)
return render_to_response('person/Classroom_List.html',
{'ClassroonList': ClassroonList})

配置urls.py:

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
# from django.contrib import admin
# admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('',
# Examples:
# url(r'^$', 'Bidding.views.home', name='home'),
# url(r'^Bidding/', include('Bidding.foo.urls')),

# Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
# url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),

# Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
# url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
url(r'^hello/$', 'Bidding.views.hello'),
url(r'^time/$', 'Bidding.views.current_datetime'),
url(r'^time/plus/(\d{1,2})/$', 'Bidding.views.hours_ahead'),
url(r'^hello_base/$', 'Bidding.views.hello_base'),
url(r'^request_test/$', 'Bidding.views.request_test'),
url(r'^UsersSearch/$', 'Bidding.Users.views.search_form'),
url(r'^search/$', 'Bidding.Users.views.search'),
url(r'^ClassRoom/add/$', 'person.views.ClassroonAdd'),
url(r'^ClassRoom/list/$', 'person.views.ClassroonList'),
)

如同上述讨论的一样,我们如今的视图运行的是一个原始的sql,如今我们须要用models来改动一下:

def ClassroonList(request):
cursor=connection.cursor()
ClassroonList=ClassRoom.objects.all()
#ClassroonList=ClassRoom.objects.filter(name__icontains='大')
return render_to_response('person/Classroom_List.html',
{'ClassroonList': ClassroonList})

假设须要运行where或者order by等操作能够这样:

ClassroonList=ClassRoom.objects.filter(name__icontains='大').order_by(‘name’)

这里还有非常多关于选择的内容以后我们逐渐会介绍到。



做完了列表页,我们在来做一个改动的页面,思路是这种:在列表页中的每一行的后面加入一列“改动”button。点击button后跳转到改动页面。首先以此条记录的主键专递到改动页面,在改动页面中要先读取出数据库中的信息。然后点击确定button以后运行改动操作。

我们首先来改动这个管理页面的模板:

Classroom_List.html:

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>数据库操作简单表的加入</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>这里是Classroom的管理页面</h1>
<table border="1" cellpadding="10">
<tr>
<td align="center">序号</td>
<td align="center">班级名称</td>
<td align="center">导师姓名</td>
<td align="center">操作</td>
</tr>
{% for myclass in ClassroonList%}
<tr>
<td align="right">{{ myclass.id }}</td>
<td align="right">{{ myclass.name }}</td>
<td align="right">{{ myclass.tutor }}</td>
<td align="right"><input type="button" onClick="Modify({{ myclass.id }})" value="改动"></td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</table>
<script language="javascript">
function Modify(id)
{
location.href='../Modify/'+id
}

</script>
</body>
</html>

建立一个Classroom_Modify.html模板。把它放在Bidding\templates\person目录下

Classroom_Modify.html:

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>数据库操作简单表的改动</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>这里是Classroom--{{name}}的改动页面</h1>
{% if error %}
<p style="color: red;">请输入班级名称和导师姓名</p>
{% endif %}
<form action="" method="get">
<table border="1" cellpadding="10">
<tr>
<td align="center">项目</td>
<td align="center">内容</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">班级名称:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="name" value="{{name}}"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">导师姓名:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="tutor" value="{{tutor}}"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<input type="hidden" name="id" value="{{id}}">
<input type="submit" value="改动">
<input type="button" value="返回" onClick="location.href='../../list'">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

Classroom_Modify_results.html:

<html>
<head>
<title>查询用户结果页</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr>
<td align="center"> </td>
<td align="center">改动前</td>
<td align="center">改动后</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">班级名称:</td>
<td align="right">{{old_name}}</td>
<td align="right">{{new_name}}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">导师姓名:</td>
<td align="right">{{old_tutor}}</td>
<td align="right">{{new_tutor}}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" align="center">改动成功!</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" align="center"><a href="../../list/">点击返回</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

加入视图:

def ClassroonModify(request,id1):
cursor=connection.cursor()
sql='select id,name,tutor from person_classroom where id='+id1
ClassroonList=ClassRoom.objects.raw(sql)
old_name = ClassroonList[0].name
old_tutor = ClassroonList[0].tutor
if 'name' in request.GET and request.GET['name'] and 'tutor' in request.GET and request.GET['tutor']:
new_name = request.GET['name']
new_tutor = request.GET['tutor']
cursor=connection.cursor()
sql='update person_classroom set name=\''+new_name+'\',tutor=\''+new_tutor+'\' where id=\''+id1+'\''
cursor.execute(sql)
transaction.commit_unless_managed()
cursor.close()
return render_to_response('person/Classroom_Modify_results.html',
{'old_name': old_name,'old_tutor':old_tutor,'new_name':new_name,'new_tutor':new_tutor})
else:
return render_to_response('person/Classroom_Modify.html', {'error': True,'id':id1,'name':old_name,'tutor':old_tutor})


编辑urls.py。这里面须要注意的是正则的写法,这个之前的章节已经说过了,这里我们能够再复习一遍:

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
# from django.contrib import admin
# admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('',
# Examples:
# url(r'^$', 'Bidding.views.home', name='home'),
# url(r'^Bidding/', include('Bidding.foo.urls')),

# Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
# url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),

# Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
# url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
url(r'^hello/$', 'Bidding.views.hello'),
url(r'^time/$', 'Bidding.views.current_datetime'),
url(r'^time/plus/(\d{1,2})/$', 'Bidding.views.hours_ahead'),
url(r'^hello_base/$', 'Bidding.views.hello_base'),
url(r'^request_test/$', 'Bidding.views.request_test'),
url(r'^UsersSearch/$', 'Bidding.Users.views.search_form'),
url(r'^search/$', 'Bidding.Users.views.search'),
url(r'^ClassRoom/add/$', 'person.views.ClassroonAdd'),
url(r'^ClassRoom/list/$', 'person.views.ClassroonList'),
url(r'^ClassRoom/modify/(\d+)/$', 'person.views.ClassroonModify'),
)

如同加入时候的问题,我们这里面使用的仍然是最原始的sql语句,我们相同能够给他改动成为model的方式:

def ClassroonModify(request,id1):
cursor=connection.cursor()
Classroon=ClassRoom.objects.get(id=id1)
old_name = Classroon.name
old_tutor = Classroon.tutor
cursor.close()
if 'name' in request.GET and request.GET['name'] and 'tutor' in request.GET and request.GET['tutor']:
new_name = request.GET['name']
new_tutor = request.GET['tutor']
Classroon.name=new_name
Classroon.tutor=new_tutor
Classroon.save()
return render_to_response('person/Classroom_Modify_results.html',
{'old_name': old_name,'old_tutor':old_tutor,'new_name':new_name,'new_tutor':new_tutor})
else:
return render_to_response('person/Classroom_Modify.html', {'error': True,'id':id1,'name':old_name,'tutor':old_tutor})

这样看起来是不是简便多了?我们打开 页面看看效果吧 :





接下来我们来做删除的功能,首先改动列表页的模板。增加一列删除button:

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>数据库操作简单表的加入</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>这里是Classroom的管理页面</h1>
<table border="1" cellpadding="10">
<tr>
<td align="center">序号</td>
<td align="center">班级名称</td>
<td align="center">导师姓名</td>
<td align="center">操作</td>
</tr>
{% for myclass in ClassroonList%}
<tr>
<td align="right">{{ myclass.id }}</td>
<td align="right">{{ myclass.name }}</td>
<td align="right">{{ myclass.tutor }}</td>
<td align="right"><input type="button" onClick="Modify({{ myclass.id }})" value="改动">
<input type="button" onClick="Delete({{ myclass.id }})" value="删除">
</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</table>
<script language="javascript">
function Modify(id)
{
location.href='../modify/'+id
}

function Delete(id)
{
location.href='../delete/'+id
}

</script>
</body>
</html>

Classroom_Delete_results.html:

<html>
<head>
<title>查询用户结果页</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr>
<td>班级:{{name}}删除成功 !</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/ClassRoom/list/">点击返回</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

改动视图:

def ClassroonDelete(request,id1):
cursor=connection.cursor()
Classroon=ClassRoom.objects.get(id=id1)
old_name = Classroon.name
Classroon.delete()
ClassroonList=ClassRoom.objects.all()
cursor.close()
  return render_to_response('person/Classroom_Delete_results.html',{'name':old_name})

配置urls.py:

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
# from django.contrib import admin
# admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('',
# Examples:
# url(r'^$', 'Bidding.views.home', name='home'),
# url(r'^Bidding/', include('Bidding.foo.urls')),

# Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
# url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),

# Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
# url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
url(r'^hello/$', 'Bidding.views.hello'),
url(r'^time/$', 'Bidding.views.current_datetime'),
url(r'^time/plus/(\d{1,2})/$', 'Bidding.views.hours_ahead'),
url(r'^hello_base/$', 'Bidding.views.hello_base'),
url(r'^request_test/$', 'Bidding.views.request_test'),
url(r'^UsersSearch/$', 'Bidding.Users.views.search_form'),
url(r'^search/$', 'Bidding.Users.views.search'),
url(r'^ClassRoom/add/$', 'person.views.ClassroonAdd'),
url(r'^ClassRoom/list/$', 'person.views.ClassroonList'),
url(r'^ClassRoom/modify/(\d+)/$', 'person.views.ClassroonModify'),
url(r'^ClassRoom/delete/(\d+)/$', 'person.views.ClassroonDelete'),
)




到此,我们就做好了一个简单的表的加入、删除、改动的操作。
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