启动mysql配置文件的启动方式

配置文件加载问题（查看自己使用的哪个配置文件）

MySQL 配置文件加载位置与顺序： 

1./usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld –verbose –help >help.txt 2>&1 

(/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld –verbose –help 这个命令生成所有mysqld选项和可配置变量的列表 然后重定向到help.txt，标准错误也重定向到这个文件中) 

2.查看这个文件：vi help.txt 

3.搜索my.cnf:

Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
(默认选项在给定的顺序从下列文件中读取：)
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
The following groups are read: mysqld server mysqld-5.7
The following options may be given as the first argument:
--print-defaults        Print the program argument list and exit.
--defaults-file=#       Only read default options from the given file #.（加载指定的不加载其他）
--defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read.
（加载默认的之后在加载指定的）

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2
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1
2
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9

so：my.cnf是按照这个顺序读取的，如果有那个配置不一样但是有多个my.cnf是按照最后一个配置为准的

mysql的四种启动方式:

1、mysqld 

启动mysql服务器:./mysqld –defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf –user=root 

客户端连接: 

mysql –defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf 

or 

mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock

2、mysqld_safe 

启动mysql服务器:./mysqld_safe –defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf –user=root & 

客户端连接: 

mysql –defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf 

or 

mysql -S /tm/mysql.sock

3、mysql.server 

cp -v /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/ 

chkconfig –add mysql.server 

启动mysql服务器:service mysql.server {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status} 

客户端连接:同1、2

4、mysqld_multi 

mkdir $MYSQL_BASE/data2 

cat <<-EOF>> /etc/my.cnf 

[mysqld_multi] 

mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe 

mysqladmin = /user/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin 

user = mysqladmin 

password = mysqladmin

[mysqld3306] 

port = 3306 

socket = /tmp/mysql3306.sock 

pid-file = /tmp/mysql3306.pid 

skip-external-locking 

key_buffer_size = 16M 

max_allowed_packet = 1M 

table_open_cache = 64 

sort_buffer_size = 512K 

net_buffer_length = 8K 

read_buffer_size = 256K 

read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K 

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M 

basedir = /usr/local/mysql 

datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

[mysqld3307] 

port = 3307 

socket = /tmp/mysql3307.sock 

pid-file = /tmp/mysql3307.pid 

skip-external-locking 

key_buffer_size = 16M 

max_allowed_packet = 1M 

table_open_cache = 64 

sort_buffer_size = 512K 

net_buffer_length = 8K 

read_buffer_size = 256K 

read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K 

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M 

basedir = /usr/local/mysql 

datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data2 

EOF

mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

mysql>GRANT SHUTDOWN ON . TO ‘mysqladmin’@’localhost’ identified by ‘mysqladmin’ with grant option;

mysql -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock

mysql>GRANT SHUTDOWN ON . TO ‘mysqladmin’@’localhost’ identified by ‘mysqladmin’ with grant option;

启动mysql服务器:./mysqld_multi –defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf start 3306-3307 

关闭mysql服务器:mysqladmin shutdown