ansible 判断和循环

模式一
- name: add several users
user: name={{ item }} state=present groups=wheel
with_items:
- testuser1
- testuser2
or
with_items: "{{ somelist }}"

模式2. 字典循环

- name: add several users
user: name={{ item.name }} state=present groups={{ item.groups }}
with_items:
- { name: 'testuser1', groups: 'wheel' }
- { name: 'testuser2', groups: 'root' }

---
- name: test
hosts: masters
tasks:
- name: give users access to multiple databases
command: "echo name={{ item[0] }} priv={{ item[1] }} test={{ item[2] }}"
with_nested:
- [ 'alice', 'bob' ]
- [ 'clientdb', 'employeedb', 'providerdb' ]
- [ '1', '2', ]
result:
changed: [localhost] => (item=[u'alice', u'clientdb', u'1'])
changed: [localhost] => (item=[u'alice', u'clientdb', u'2'])
changed: [localhost] => (item=[u'alice', u'employeedb', u'1'])
changed: [localhost] => (item=[u'alice', u'employeedb', u'2'])
changed: [localhost] => (item=[u'alice', u'providerdb', u'1'])
changed: [localhost] => (item=[u'alice', u'providerdb', u'2'])
changed: [localhost] => (item=[u'bob', u'clientdb', u'1'])
changed: [localhost] => (item=[u'bob', u'clientdb', u'2'])
changed: [localhost] => (item=[u'bob', u'employeedb', u'1'])
changed: [localhost] => (item=[u'bob', u'employeedb', u'2'])
changed: [localhost] => (item=[u'bob', u'providerdb', u'1'])
changed: [localhost] => (item=[u'bob', u'providerdb', u'2'])

假设字典如下
---
users:
alice:
name: Alice Appleworth
telephone: 123-456-7890
bob:
name: Bob Bananarama
telephone: 987-654-3210

可以访问的变量
tasks:
- name: Print phone records
debug: msg="User {{ item.key }} is {{ item.value.name }} ({{ item.value.telephone }})"
with_dict: "{{ users }}"

例如:
- copy: src={{ item }} dest=/etc/fooapp/ owner=root mode=600
with_fileglob:
- /playbooks/files/fooapp/*

tasks:
- command: echo "msg={{ item.0 }} and {{ item.1 }}"
with_together:
- [ 1, 2, 3 ]
- [ 4, 5 ]

result:
changed: [localhost] => (item=[1, 4])
changed: [localhost] => (item=[2, 5])
changed: [localhost] => (item=[3, None])

---
- hosts: all

tasks:

# create groups
- group: name=evens state=present
- group: name=odds state=present

# create some test users
- user: name={{ item }} state=present groups=evens
with_sequence: start=0 end=32 format=testuser%02x

# create a series of directories with even numbers for some reason
- file: dest=/var/stuff/{{ item }} state=directory
with_sequence: start=4 end=16 stride=2

# a simpler way to use the sequence plugin
# create 4 groups
- group: name=group{{ item }} state=present
with_sequence: count=4

- action: shell /usr/bin/foo
register: result
until: result.stdout.find("all systems go") != -1
retries: 5
delay: 10

- name: some configuration template
template: src={{ item }} dest=/etc/file.cfg mode=0444 owner=root group=root
with_first_found:
- files:
- "{{ inventory_hostname }}/etc/file.cfg"
paths:
- ../../../templates.overwrites
- ../../../templates
- files:
- etc/file.cfg
paths:
- templates

---
- name: test
hosts: all
tasks:
- name: Example of looping over a command result
shell: touch /$HOME/{{ item }}
with_lines: /usr/bin/cat  /home/fg/test

with_lines 中的命令永远都是在controller的host上运行, 只有shell命令才会在inventory中指定的机器上运行

[section1]
value1=section1/value1
value2=section1/value2

[section2]
value1=section2/value1
value2=section2/value2
Here is an example of using with_ini:

- debug: msg="{{ item }}"
with_ini: value[1-2] section=section1 file=lookup.ini re=true

---
- name: test
hosts: all
tasks:
- name: Example of looping over a command result
shell:  echo {{ item }}
with_flattened:
- [1, 2, 3]
- [[3,4 ]]
- [ ['red-package'], ['blue-package']]

:result

changed: [localhost] => (item=1)
changed: [localhost] => (item=2)
changed: [localhost] => (item=3)
changed: [localhost] => (item=3)
changed: [localhost] => (item=4)
changed: [localhost] => (item=red-package)
changed: [localhost] => (item=blue-package)

- shell: echo "{{ item }}"
with_items:
- one
- two
register: echo

变量echo是一个字典, 字典中result是一个list, list中包含了每一个item的执行结果

# show all the hosts in the inventory
- debug: msg={{ item }}
with_inventory_hostnames: all

# show all the hosts matching the pattern, ie all but the group www
- debug: msg={{ item }}
with_inventory_hostnames: all:!www

tasks:
- command: /bin/false
register: result
ignore_errors: True
- command: /bin/something
when: result|failed
- command: /bin/something_else
when: result|succeeded
- command: /bin/still/something_else
when: result|skipped

tasks:
- shell: echo "I've got '{{ foo }}' and am not afraid to use it!"
when: foo is defined

- fail: msg="Bailing out. this play requires 'bar'"
when: bar is undefined

#when 和 循环
tasks:
- command: echo {{ item }}
with_items: [ 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 ]
when: item > 5

#when和include
- include: tasks/sometasks.yml
when: "'reticulating splines' in output"

#when 和角色
- hosts: webservers
roles:
- { role: debian_stock_config, when: ansible_os_family == 'Debian' }