kuangbin 1B简单bfs（模板题）

You are trapped in a 3D dungeon and need to find the quickest way out! The dungeon is composed of unit cubes which may or may not be filled with rock. It takes one minute to move one unit north, south, east, west, up or down. You cannot move diagonally
and the maze is surrounded by solid rock on all sides.

Is an escape possible? If yes, how long will it take?
Input
The input consists of a number of dungeons. Each dungeon description starts with a line containing three integers L, R and C (all limited to 30 in size).

L is the number of levels making up the dungeon.

R and C are the number of rows and columns making up the plan of each level.

Then there will follow L blocks of R lines each containing C characters. Each character describes one cell of the dungeon. A cell full of rock is indicated by a '#' and empty cells are represented by a '.'. Your starting position is indicated by 'S' and the
exit by the letter 'E'. There's a single blank line after each level. Input is terminated by three zeroes for L, R and C.

Output
Each maze generates one line of output. If it is possible to reach the exit, print a line of the form

Escaped in x minute(s).

where x is replaced by the shortest time it takes to escape.

If it is not possible to escape, print the line
Trapped!

Sample Input

3 4 5
S....
.###.
.##..
###.#

#####
#####
##.##
##...

#####
#####
#.###
####E

1 3 3
S##
#E#
###

0 0 0

Sample Output

Escaped in 11 minute(s).
Trapped!

分析：一：注意方向，有上下 东西南北 一共六个方向，千万不要遗漏。
二 ： 在判断是否能走的时候  '.'  和 'E'  是 或者 的关系。

代码：

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<string.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<string>
#include<map>
#include<set>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;
const int INF = 100000000;
int mx[6] = { 0,0,1,0,-1,0 };
int my[6] = { 0,0,0,1,0,-1 };
int mz[6] = { -1,1,0,0,0,0 };
struct Point {
int x;
int y;
int z;
};
int L, R, C;
char maze[30][30][30];
int ans[30][30][30];
int main()
{
while (cin >> L >> R >> C) {
memset(maze, 0, sizeof(maze));
memset(ans, 0, sizeof(ans));
int l1, l2, r1, r2, c1, c2;
if (L == 0) {
break;
}
for (int i = 0; i<L; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j<R; j++) {
for (int k = 0; k<C; k++) {
cin >> maze[i][j][k];
ans[i][j][k] = INF;
if (maze[i][j][k] == 'S') {
l1 = i;
r1 = j;
c1 = k;
}
if (maze[i][j][k] == 'E') {
l2 = i;
r2 = j;
c2 = k;
}
}
}
}
ans[l1][r1][c1] = 0;
queue<Point> que;
Point temp = { c1,r1,l1 };
que.push(temp);
while (que.size()) {
Point flag = que.front();
que.pop();
if (maze[flag.z][flag.y][flag.x] == 'E') {
break;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
int dx = flag.x + mx[i];
int dy = flag.y + my[i];
int dz = flag.z + mz[i];
if (dx < C && dx >= 0 && dy < R && dy >= 0 && dz < L && ans[dz][dy][dx] == INF) {
if (maze[dz][dy][dx] == '.' || maze[dz][dy][dx] == 'E') {
temp = { dx,dy,dz };
que.push(temp);
ans[dz][dy][dx] = ans[flag.z][flag.y][flag.x] + 1;
}
}
}
}

if (ans[l2][r2][c2] != INF)
printf("Escaped in %d minute(s).\n", ans[l2][r2][c2]);
else
printf("Trapped!\n");
}
return 0;
}