误用rm -rf *文件修复及修改rm指令为mv

昨晚迷迷糊糊，进错目录敲下rm -rf *命令删除文件，结果把一些重要文件都删了，这里记录下文件修复的经过（虽然最后没有弄好，感觉很大部分原因是当时没有权限，时间过的久了，文件被覆盖了），以及把rm 命令修改为mv命令，移动到指定目录下。

1.rm -rf 文件修复

发现自己误删后，第一步就是立即卸载分区或者设置为只读。这里，如果刚好你目前所在的分区是系统分区，那么就不能卸载了。

命令：

umount /dec/sda1 或者
mount -o remount,ro /dev/sda1
#这里的sda1就是你自己文件的分区，可以用指令查看
df -h #查看分区

删除文件，就是将文件的inode删除了，真正的文件还存在磁盘中，当然存数据被操作系统重新分配后也可能就找不回了。

我的文件系统时etx4，在网上找资料可以使用extundelete工具包。

该工具包可以修复ext3，ext4，还有个ext3grep只能修复ext3文件系统。软件地址 http://extundelete.sourceforge.net/

按照软件官方的说明，下载解压，直接进入文件夹

./configure
make
make install

执行上面的命令都需要root权限。

然后

extundelete --help
Usage: extundelete [options] [--] device-file
Options:
--version, -[vV]       Print version and exit successfully.
--help,                Print this help and exit successfully.
--superblock           Print contents of superblock in addition to the rest.
If no action is specified then this option is implied.
--journal              Show content of journal.
--after dtime          Only process entries deleted on or after 'dtime'.
--before dtime         Only process entries deleted before 'dtime'.
Actions:
--inode ino            Show info on inode 'ino'.
--block blk            Show info on block 'blk'.
--restore-inode ino[,ino,...]
Restore the file(s) with known inode number 'ino'.
The restored files are created in ./RECOVERED_FILES
with their inode number as extension (ie, file.12345).
--restore-file 'path'  Will restore file 'path'. 'path' is relative to root
of the partition and does not start with a '/'
The restored file is created in the current
directory as 'RECOVERED_FILES/path'.
--restore-files 'path' Will restore files which are listed in the file 'path'.
Each filename should be in the same format as an option
to --restore-file, and there should be one per line.
--restore-directory 'path'
Will restore directory 'path'. 'path' is relative to the
root directory of the file system.  The restored
directory is created in the output directory as 'path'.
--restore-all          Attempts to restore everything.
-j journal             Reads an external journal from the named file.
-b blocknumber         Uses the backup superblock at blocknumber when opening
the file system.
-B blocksize           Uses blocksize as the block size when opening the file
system.  The number should be the number of bytes.
--log 0                Make the program silent.
--log filename         Logs all messages to filename.
--log D1=0,D2=filename   Custom control of log messages with comma-separated
Examples below:       list of options.  Dn must be one of info, warn, or
--log info,error      error.  Omission of the '=name' results in messages
--log warn=0          with the specified level to be logged to the console.
--log error=filename  If the parameter is '=0', logging for the specified
level will be turned off.  If the parameter is
'=filename', messages with that level will be written
to filename.
-o directory          Save the recovered files to the named directory.
The restored files are created in a directory
named 'RECOVERED_FILES/' by default.

按照说明执行步骤，可以先

extundelete --inode 2  /dev/sda1

找到根节点，然后根据出来的提示一步步去找，知道找到自己删除的目录文件，再使用

extundelete --restore-inode 18090  /dev/sda1
#中间的18090就是你要回复的节点，当然还有其他的修复办法，参考--help

执行上面的步骤，就会在根目录下出现一个RESTORED_FILES文件夹，就可以去里面找自己的文件了。

2.修改rm指令

经过上面惨痛的教训，决定修改rm指令，步骤如下：

首先造自己的目录下简历一个delete文件夹，用来当回收站

mkdir delete

现在来修改bashrc

vim ./bashrc

添加命令如下：

#修改rm命令
alias rm=delete  #命令别名，通过delete来实现rm改为mv
alias r=delete
alias rl='ls /home/temp/delete' #rl 命令显示回收站中的文件
alias ur=undelfile #ur 命令找回回收站的文件
undelfile()
{
mv -i /home/temp/delete/\$@ ./
}
delete()
{
mv $@ /home/temp/delete
}

修改完后

source .bashrc

现在自己就可以测试了，建立一个temp.txt然后自己 用rm temp.txt你就可以在delete目录下找到了。

原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/u011956147/article/details/67634136