学习ios之基础控件

前言：其实一直从事的Android开发的工作，一直对ios开发很感兴趣，最近闲来无事决定就学习一下，相信对自己的成长和进步是有用的，由于我之前自学过c语言和oc和swift，语言方面不在赘述，其实你只要学会了一门语言其他的语言只不过是熟练的问题，能看能写就可以了。所以直接从ios开发的最基础部分UI部分开始记录，加深记忆，并且和各位共勉之。

一、UIView关系结构图



我们看下图有一个大概的印象，下面挨个的我拣着重要的和常用的讲，interface Builder部分就不讲了，大家可以自己查资料，还是比较简单的，我大部分会使用代码来讲解。

二、简单控件

1、标签和按钮

UILabel（相当于android中的TextView） 和UIButton（Android中的Button）

我们使用UILabel和UIButton实现一个简单的功能，当点击UIButton的时候，UILabel的内容会变成 Hello World！

首先由于我们使用纯代码构建应用，所以可以删除故事版文件，在Appdelete中指定RootControler文件

import UIKit

@UIApplicationMain
class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate {

var window: UIWindow?

func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplicationLaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool {
// 设置显示界面的控制器是LabelAndButtonViewController
//而不是我们创建的默认的故事版文件
self.window=UIWindow(frame:UIScreen.main.bounds)
self.window?.rootViewController=LabelAndButtonViewController()
self.window?.backgroundColor=UIColor.white
self.window?.makeKeyAndVisible()
return true
}
...
其他的省略
}

import UIKit

class LabelAndButtonViewController: UIViewController {

var label:UILabel!
var changeButton:UIButton!

//视图加载完毕时
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()

// 初始化UILabel和UIButton
let screen=UIScreen.main.bounds
let labelWidth:CGFloat=100
let labelHeight:CGFloat=31
self.label=UILabel.init(frame: CGRect(x: (screen.size.width - labelWidth)/2, y: 90, width: labelWidth ,height: labelHeight))
self.label.text="点击按钮哦！"
self.label.textAlignment=NSTextAlignment.center
self.view.addSubview(self.label)
//初始化UIButton
let buttonWidth:CGFloat=60
let buttonHeight:CGFloat=31
self.changeButton=UIButton(type: UIButtonType.system)
self.changeButton.frame=CGRect(x: (screen.size.width-buttonWidth)/2,y: 180,width: buttonWidth,height: buttonHeight)
self.changeButton.setTitle("click me", for: UIControlState.normal)

self.changeButton.addTarget(self, action: #selector(labe.changeContent(_:)), for: .touchUpInside)
self.view.addSubview(self.changeButton)

}

/*内存不足警告*/
override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

//改变UILabel的内容
func changeContent(_ sender: UIButton) {

if(self.label.text=="Hello Word!"){

self.label.text="dear!";
}else{

self.label.text="Hello Word!";
}
}

}

效果如图所示：



点击click me 按钮可以改变上面的文字

2、UITextField（EditText） UITextView（可以编辑的UILabel）

下面接着学习 UITextView 和UITextField 最后的效果图如下



直接看代码吧 都注释在里面了

Appdelegate没啥好说的省略了，直接看ViewController

import UIKit

//实现UITextFileld 和UITextView的委托协议，后面对于复杂控件还有数据源协议等，后面再说
class ViewController: UIViewController,UITextFieldDelegate,UITextViewDelegate {

var textFiled:UITextField!
var textView:UITextView!

override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
//获取屏幕CGRect
let frame=UIScreen.main.bounds
//初始化UILabel 默认字体大小和颜色
let topSpace:CGFloat=77
let spaceX:CGFloat=33
let name=UILabel.init(frame: CGRect(x: spaceX,y: topSpace,width: 90,height: 31))
name.text="Name:"
name.textAlignment=NSTextAlignment.left//内容靠左边对齐
self.view.addSubview(name)//添加到UIView视图中

//初始化UITextfield
self.textFiled=UITextField.init(frame: CGRect(x: spaceX,y: name.frame.origin.y+41,width: (frame.size.width-2*spaceX), height: 31 ))
self.textFiled.clearButtonMode=UITextFieldViewMode.whileEditing
self.textFiled.delegate=self //设置代理协议
self.textFiled.borderStyle=UITextBorderStyle.roundedRect//设置边框样式默认其实就是左边对齐 这样的可以不用写
self.view.addSubview(self.textFiled)

//初始化UILabel和UITextview
let abstract=UILabel.init(frame: CGRect(x: spaceX,y: self.textFiled.frame.origin.y+topSpace ,width: 90,height: 31 ))
abstract.text="Abstract:"
self.view.addSubview(abstract)

self.textView=UITextView.init(frame: CGRect(x: spaceX,y: abstract.frame.origin.y+41,width: (frame.size.width-2*spaceX),height: 200))

self.textView.text="Hello! I am learning IOS !"
self.textView.delegate=self //代理协议
self.view.addSubview(self.textView)

}

override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.

}

override func viewWillAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
super.viewWillAppear(animated);
//由于UITextFiled和UItextView都与键盘打交道，这里就设置键盘监听
//后面还会详细讲先有点印象
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(ViewController.keyBoardDidShow(notification:)), name: NSNotification.Name.UIKeyboardDidShow, object: nil)

NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(ViewController.keyBoardHiden(notification:)), name: NSNotification.Name.UIKeyboardDidHide, object: nil)

}

override func viewWillDisappear(_ animated: Bool) {
//注销键盘监听
NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self,name: NSNotification.Name.UIKeyboardDidShow,object: nil)
NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self, name: NSNotification.Name.UIKeyboardDidHide, object: nil)
}

//实现textfiled的委托协议方法
func textFieldShouldReturn(_ textField: UITextField) -> Bool {
textField.resignFirstResponder();
NSLog("textfiled 获取焦点，点击return")

return true;
}

//实现textView的委托协议方法
func textView(_ textView: UITextView, shouldChangeTextIn range: NSRange, replacementText text: String) -> Bool {
if(text=="\n"){
textView.resignFirstResponder();
NSLog("textView获取焦点，点击return")

}

return true;
}

//设置监听函数
func keyBoardDidShow(notification:NSNotification){

NSLog("键盘显示！")
}

func keyBoardHiden(notification:NSNotification) {

NSLog("键盘隐藏")
}
}

代码里面都有注释，不需要详细说了，先会大概使用就好，真正的熟练还是要靠真正的项目

3、开关控件、分段控件和滑块控件

开关控件UISwitch（相当于android的switch或者使用selector的checkButton）

分段控件UISegmentedControl（相当于android RadioGroup或者TabLayout）

滑块控件 UISlider （相当于android的seekBar）

下面的例子效果图：



直接看代码：

import UIKit

class SwitchController: UIViewController {

var rightSwitch: UISwitch!
var leftSwitch: UISwitch!
var segMents:UISegmentedControl!
var sliderValue:UILabel!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
let screen=UIScreen.main.bounds
let switchScreenPace:CGFloat = 39

//初始化UISwitch
self.leftSwitch=UISwitch()
//设置在View视图中的位置，不用设置宽高
self.leftSwitch.frame.origin=CGPoint(x: switchScreenPace, y: 98)
//设置switch是开启状态
self.leftSwitch.isOn=true
self.leftSwitch.addTarget(self, action: #selector(SwitchController.valueChange(_:)), for:.valueChanged)
self.view.addSubview(self.leftSwitch);

self.rightSwitch=UISwitch()
var frame=self.rightSwitch.frame
frame.origin=CGPoint(x: screen.size.width-frame.size.width-switchScreenPace,y: 98)
self.rightSwitch.frame=frame
self.rightSwitch.isOn=true
//设置开关事件
self.rightSwitch.addTarget(self, action: #selector(SwitchController.valueChange(_:)), for:.valueChanged)
self.view.addSubview(self.rightSwitch)

//初始化UISegmentedControl
//设置分段控件菜单数量
let segments=["Left","Right"]
self.segMents=UISegmentedControl(items:segments)//初始化菜单
let segWidth:CGFloat=220
let segHeight:CGFloat=29
self.segMents.frame=CGRect(x: (screen.size.width-segWidth)/2,y: 186,width: segWidth,height: segHeight)
//设置菜单点击事件
self.segMents.addTarget(self, action:#selector(SwitchController.touchDow(sender:)), for:.valueChanged)
self.view.addSubview(self.segMents)

//初始化UILabel和UISlider
let sliderValueTag:UILabel=UILabel.init(frame: CGRect(x: switchScreenPace,y: 297,width: 90, height: 31))
sliderValueTag.contentMode=UIViewContentMode.scaleAspectFill
sliderValueTag.text="sliderValue:"
self.view.addSubview(sliderValueTag)
frame=sliderValueTag.frame
self.sliderValue=UILabel.init(frame:CGRect(x:  frame.origin.x+frame.width, y: 297 ,width: 90, height: 31))
self.view.addSubview(self.sliderValue)
//初始化UISlider
let slider=UISlider.init(frame: CGRect(x: switchScreenPace, y: 328, width: screen.width-2*switchScreenPace, height:31))
//设置slider的最小值和最大值，当前值
slider.minimumValue=0
slider.maximumValue=100
slider.value=27
//设置slider拖动时触发的事件
slider.addTarget(self, action: #selector(SwitchController.showSliderValue(sender:)), for:.valueChanged)
self.sliderValue.text=String.init(format: "%d", Int(slider.value))
self.view.addSubview(slider)

}

func showSliderValue(sender:Any) {

let slider = sender as! UISlider
self.sliderValue.text=String(format:"%d",Int(slider.value))

}

override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()

}

func valueChange(_ sender: Any) {

let witchSwitch=sender as! UISwitch;
let setting=witchSwitch.isOn;
self.leftSwitch.setOn(setting, animated: true)
self.rightSwitch.setOn(setting, animated: true)

}

func touchDow(sender:Any) {

let segControl=sender as! UISegmentedControl
//可以根据选中的菜单位置，做一些操作
NSLog("选中的segControl的序列%d",segControl.selectedSegmentIndex)

//UISwitch是否隐藏，隐藏就显示，显示就隐藏
if(self.leftSwitch.isHidden==true){

self.leftSwitch.isHidden=false
self.rightSwitch.isHidden=false

}else{

self.leftSwitch.isHidden=true
self.rightSwitch.isHidden=true
}

}

}

4、Web视图：WKWebView类（相当于Android的WebView）

WKWebView是苹果ios8之后引入的新特性，用于替换旧的UIWebView，相对于之前更加的强大，我们来个简单的例子了解一下

效果图

import UIKit
import WebKit

//实现WKNavigationDelegate 主要是网络请求时的请求、加载、内容返回、加载失败等等
class ViewController: UIViewController,WKNavigationDelegate {

var webView:WKWebView!

override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()

let frame=UIScreen.main.bounds
//button之间的间距
let buttonSpace:CGFloat=10
//计算每个button的宽度
let buttonWidth:CGFloat=(frame.size.width-40)/3

//初始化button的容器，把下面的三个button放进去
let buttonBarView=UIView.init(frame: CGRect(x: buttonSpace,y: 20, width: frame.size.width-2*buttonSpace,height: 31 ))
buttonBarView.backgroundColor=UIColor.blue
self.view.addSubview(buttonBarView)

//初始化三个UIButton 注意这里面的x和y的坐标是相对于buttonBarView的
let loadHtml=UIButton.init(type:UIButtonType.system)
loadHtml.frame=CGRect(x: 0, y: 0,width: buttonWidth, height: 31)
loadHtml.setTitle("loadHtml", for: UIControlState.normal)
loadHtml.backgroundColor=UIColor.gray
loadHtml.addTarget(self, action: #selector(ViewController.testLoadHtml(sender:)), for:.touchUpInside)

let loadData=UIButton.init(type:UIButtonType.system)
loadData.frame=CGRect(x: buttonWidth+buttonSpace, y: 0,width: buttonWidth, height: 31)
loadData.setTitle("loadData", for: UIControlState.normal)
loadData.backgroundColor=UIColor.darkGray

let loadRequest=UIButton.init(type:UIButtonType.system)
loadRequest.frame=CGRect(x: 2*buttonWidth+2*buttonSpace, y: 0,width: buttonWidth, height: 31)
loadRequest.setTitle("loadRequest", for: UIControlState.normal)
loadRequest.backgroundColor=UIColor.black
loadRequest.addTarget(self, action: #selector(ViewController.testLoadRequest(sender:)), for:.touchUpInside)

//把三个button添加到buttonBarView当中
buttonBarView.addSubview(loadHtml)
buttonBarView.addSubview(loadData)
buttonBarView.addSubview(loadRequest)

//初始化WKWebView
self.webView=WKWebView.init(frame: CGRect(x: buttonSpace,y :61, width: frame.size.width-2*buttonSpace, height: frame.size.height-61))
self.webView.backgroundColor=UIColor.red
self.webView.navigationDelegate=self
self.view.addSubview(self.webView)

}

//通不过也没关系，先了解一下，本地文件可能有问题
func testLoadHtml(sender:Any) {
NSLog("testLoadHtml")
let htmlPath=Bundle.main.path(forResource: "index", ofType: "html")
let bundleUrl:URL=NSURL.fileURL(withPath: Bundle.main.bundleURL.absoluteString)
do {
let html = try NSString(contentsOfFile: htmlPath!, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue)
self.webView.loadHTMLString(html as String, baseURL: bundleUrl)
} catch let err as NSError {
NSLog("loadHtml加载错误：%@", err.description)

}
}

func testLoadRequest(sender:Any) {
//注意这里使用的是http协议，苹果ios9之后要求必须使用https协议，但是有时候
//不得不适用http的时候 可以在info.plist里面添加App Transport Security Settings 键值，在添加 Allow Arbirary Loads 健，修改为YES
let url=NSURL.init(string: "http://www.baidu.com")
let request=NSURLRequest.init(url: url as! URL)
self.webView.load(request as URLRequest)
}

//实现WKNavigationDelegate协议
//开始请求时调用
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, didStartProvisionalNavigation navigation: WKNavigation!) {
NSLog("开始请求！")
}

//当内容开始返回时调用
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, didCommit navigation: WKNavigation!) {
NSLog("内容返回！")
}
//加载完成后调用
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, didFinish navigation: WKNavigation!) {
NSLog("加载完成！")
}

//加载失败
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, didFailProvisionalNavigation navigation: WKNavigation!, withError error: Error) {
NSLog("加载失败：%@", error.localizedDescription)
}

override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

}

5、警告框和操作表

警告框相当于Android的alertDialog

操作表 Android没有专门的控件，可以使用View或者popupWindow实现，也比较简单，不过貌似没有ios的封装的好

ios中警告框和操作表都是使用UIAlertController实现

咱们看下实际使用：







直接看代码吧都很简单，可以体会一下：

//
//  ViewController.swift
//  P4.6UIAlertController
//
//  Created by LF on 2017/3/28.
//  Copyright © 2017年 yinwei. All rights reserved.
//

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
let frame=UIScreen.main.bounds
let buttonTop:CGFloat=77
let buttonSpace:CGFloat=33

//初始化按钮
let alertButton=UIButton.init(type: UIButtonType.system)
alertButton.frame=CGRect(x: buttonSpace,y: buttonTop, width: frame.size.width-2*buttonSpace, height: 31)
alertButton.setTitle("alert 警告框", for: UIControlState.normal)
alertButton.addTarget(self, action: #selector(ViewController.testAlertDialog(sender:)), for: UIControlEvents.touchUpInside)
self.view.addSubview(alertButton)

let actionButton=UIButton.init(type: UIButtonType.system)
actionButton.frame=CGRect(x: buttonSpace,y: 2*buttonTop+31,width: frame.size.width-2*buttonSpace,height: 31)
actionButton.setTitle("sheet 操作表", for: UIControlState.normal)
actionButton.addTarget(self, action: #selector(ViewController.testActionSheet(sender:)), for: UIControlEvents.touchUpInside)
self.view.addSubview(actionButton)

}

func testAlertDialog(sender:Any) {

//设置样式是警告框
let alertController:UIAlertController=UIAlertController.init(title: "alert", message: "警告框", preferredStyle: UIAlertControllerStyle.alert)

let actionNo=UIAlertAction.init(title: "NO", style: UIAlertActionStyle.cancel){
(alertAction) -> Void in

NSLog("no is selected!")

}

let actionYes=UIAlertAction.init(title: "YES", style: UIAlertActionStyle.default){
(alertAction) -> Void in

NSLog("yes is selected")

}
//添加到controller中并且显示出来
alertController.addAction(actionNo)
alertController.addAction(actionYes)
self.present(alertController, animated: true, completion: nil)

}

func testActionSheet(sender:Any) {

//默认构造函数就是操作表样式
let alertController:UIAlertController=UIAlertController()

let actionA=UIAlertAction.init(title: "破坏性按钮", style: UIAlertActionStyle.destructive){
(alert) -> Void in
NSLog("破坏性按钮，放到最上面不容易误碰")
}

let actionB=UIAlertAction.init(title: "微信", style: UIAlertActionStyle.default){
(alertAction) -> Void in

NSLog("分享到微信去")
}

let actionCancel=UIAlertAction.init(title: "Cancel", style:
UIAlertActionStyle.cancel){
(alertAction) -> Void in

NSLog("隐藏操作表")

}

alertController.addAction(actionA)
alertController.addAction(actionB)
alertController.addAction(actionCancel)

self.present(alertController, animated: true){

() -> Void in

NSLog("操作表显示了出来了")

}

}

override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

}

6、等待相关的控件与进度条

android中的progressBar可以设置style样式，显示是圆形进度条或者是条形进度条，但是ios是两种方式实现的，接下来咱们看一下

//
//  ViewController.swift
//  P4.7WaitWidget
//
//  Created by LF on 2017/3/28.
//  Copyright © 2017年 yinwei. All rights reserved.
//

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

var activityIndiator:UIActivityIndicatorView!

var progressView:UIProgressView!

//定时器 模拟下载
var timer:Timer!

override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
let screenFrame=UIScreen.main.bounds
//距离顶部的距离
let topViewSpace:CGFloat=90
//按钮距离屏幕两边的距离
let buttonSpace:CGFloat=33
//条形进度条的起始位置
let progressSpace:CGFloat=17

//初始化圆形进度条 ，选择样式为 白色的 、大的
self.activityIndiator=UIActivityIndicatorView.init(activityIndicatorStyle: UIActivityIndicatorViewStyle.gray)
var activityFrame:CGRect=self.activityIndiator.frame
activityFrame.origin=CGPoint(x: (screenFrame.size.width-activityFrame.size.width)/2,y:topViewSpace )
self.activityIndiator.frame=activityFrame
self.activityIndiator.hidesWhenStopped=false
self.view.addSubview(self.activityIndiator)

//初始化一个显示上传的按钮
let uploadButton=UIButton.init(type: UIButtonType.system)
uploadButton.frame=CGRect(x: buttonSpace,y: activityFrame.origin.y+50,width: screenFrame.size.width-2*buttonSpace,height: 31)
uploadButton.setTitle("upload", for: UIControlState.normal)
uploadButton.addTarget(self, action: #selector(ViewController.testActivityIndicator(sender:)), for: UIControlEvents.touchUpInside)
self.view.addSubview(uploadButton)

//初始化长形进度条

self.progressView=UIProgressView.init(frame: CGRect(x: progressSpace,y: uploadButton.frame.origin.y+50,width: screenFrame.size.width-2*progressSpace,height: 30))
self.view.addSubview(self.progressView)

//初始化一个显示下载的按钮

let downButton=UIButton.init(type: UIButtonType.system)
downButton.frame=CGRect(x: buttonSpace,y: self.progressView.frame.origin.y+30,width: screenFrame.size.width-2*buttonSpace,height: 31)
downButton.setTitle("downLoad", for: UIControlState.normal)
downButton.addTarget(self, action: #selector(ViewController.downLoadProgress(sender:)), for: UIControlEvents.touchUpInside)
self.view.addSubview(downButton)

}

//显示圆形进度 或者隐藏
func testActivityIndicator(sender:Any) {

if(self.activityIndiator.isAnimating){

self.activityIndiator.startAnimating()
}else{

self.activityIndiator.startAnimating()
}
}

//模拟下载程序
func downLoadProgress(sender:Any) {

self.timer=Timer.scheduledTimer(timeInterval: 1.0, target: self, selector: #selector(ViewController.download), userInfo: nil, repeats: true)

}

func download() {

self.progressView.progress+=0.1

if(self.progressView.progress==1.0){

self.timer.invalidate()

let alertController:UIAlertController=UIAlertController.init(title: "下载提示", message: "下载完毕了", preferredStyle: UIAlertControllerStyle.alert)

let action=UIAlertAction.init(title: "OK", style: UIAlertActionStyle.default){

(alert) -> Void in

NSLog("知道了")

}

alertController.addAction(action)

self.present(alertController, animated: true){

() -> Void in

NSLog("弹出警示框！")

}

}
}

override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

}

7、工具栏和导航栏

跟android中的toolbar比较像，废话不多说，直接上图，上代码

//
//  ViewController.swift
//  P4.4ToolBarAndNavigationBar
//
//  Created by LF on 2017/3/23.
//  Copyright © 2017年 yinwei. All rights reserved.
//

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

var label:UILabel!

override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

let frame=UIScreen.main.bounds

//初始化一个label
self.label=UILabel.init(frame: CGRect(x: 0,y: frame.size.height/2, width: frame.size.width, height:31))
self.label.textAlignment=NSTextAlignment.center
self.view.addSubview(self.label)
//初始化工具栏
let toolBar=UIToolbar.init(frame: CGRect(x: 0,y: frame.size.height-44,width: frame.size.width, height: 44))
//使用系统按钮样式 例如：add 、save 等等最好使用系统自带按钮
let save=UIBarButtonItem.init(barButtonSystemItem: UIBarButtonSystemItem.save, target: self, action: #selector(ViewController.save(sender:)))

//UIBarButtonItem 在工具栏和导航栏中是一样的
let open=UIBarButtonItem.init(title: "Open", style: UIBarButtonItemStyle.plain, target: self, action: #selector(ViewController.open(sender:)))
//初始化一个占位的按钮
let flexble=UIBarButtonItem.init(barButtonSystemItem: UIBarButtonSystemItem.flexibleSpace, target: nil, action: nil)

toolBar.items=[save,flexble,open]

self.view.addSubview(toolBar)

//初始化导航栏 导航栏在每个界面都会出现
let navigationBar=UINavigationBar.init(frame: CGRect(x: 0,y: 20,width: frame.size.width,height: 44))
let saveNa=UIBarButtonItem.init(barButtonSystemItem: UIBarButtonSystemItem.save, target: self, action: #selector(ViewController.save(sender:)))
let add=UIBarButtonItem.init(barButtonSystemItem: UIBarButtonSystemItem.add, target: self, action: #selector(ViewController.add(sender:)))

let navigationItem=UINavigationItem.init(title: "")
navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem=saveNa //左按钮 一般设置返回按钮呢
navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem=add
navigationBar.items=[navigationItem]//设置导航栏的按钮
self.view.addSubview(navigationBar)

}

//sender的参数的意思是事件的发送者
func open(sender:Any)  {
self.label.text="点击了开启！"
NSLog("点击了开启！")

}

func save(sender:Any)  {
self.label.text="点击了保存！"
NSLog("点击了保存按钮！")
}

func add(sender:Any) {
self.label.text="点击了添加！"
NSLog("点击了添加！")
}

override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

}

8、UIImageView

相当于Android中的ImageView 但是功能强大一点貌似，好像ios中的所有跟Android相似的控件功能都要更强大，蛋疼

效果图：



直接上代码，很简单，会简单运用就行

override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
let frame=UIScreen.main.bounds

let imageView=UIImageView.init(frame: CGRect(x: frame.size.width/2-100,y: frame.size.height/2 - 100,width: 200,height: 200))
imageView.contentMode=UIViewContentMode.scaleAspectFill
imageView.image=UIImage.init(named: "girl")
//设置圆角图片 这点可比android 方便多了 但是尽量不要使用比较占用 GPU
//        imageView.layer.masksToBounds=true
//        imageView.layer.cornerRadius=20

self.view.addSubview(imageView)

}

接下来学习高级控件，加油！~