Spring装配bean，依赖注入及注入参数

1、【装配一个bean】

先导入Spring基本jar包



我们先装配一个车的类Car

package com.zhiqi.model;

public class Car {

private int id;
private String carName;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getCarName() {
return carName;
}
public void setCarName(String carName) {
this.carName = carName;
}
}

配置xml文件

<bean id="book" class="com.zhiqi.model.Book"></bean>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean>

</beans>

然后在主方法调用ApplicationContext

public class MyTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
Car car=(Car)ac.getBean("car");
car.setCarName("奥迪");
System.out.println(car.getCarName());
}
}

运行如图：



2、【属性注入】【构造方法注入】【工厂注入】

装配一个Employee类

package com.zhiqi.model;

public class Employee {

private int id;
private String name;
private String sex;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
}

属性注入形式：

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<property name="" value=""></property>

</bean>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean>

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<property name="id" value="10010"></property>
<property name="name" value="王经理"></property>
<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
</bean>

</beans>

构造方法注入形式：

按照类型、按照索引、综合类型和索引

【类型】

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<constructor-arg type="" value=""></constructor-arg>

</bean>

【索引】

<bean id="" class="">
<constructor-arg index="" value=""></constructor-arg>

</bean>

【类型+索引】

<bean>
<constructor-arg type="" index="" value=""></constructor-arg>

</bean>

【类型示例】

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean>

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<constructor-arg type="int" value="10010"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg type="String" value="王经理"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg type="String" value="男"></constructor-arg>
</bean>

</beans>

【索引示例】索引从0开始

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean>

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="10020"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg index="1" value="刘经理"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg index="2" value="女"></constructor-arg>
</bean>

</beans>

【类型+索引示例】

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean>

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<constructor-arg type="int" index="0" value="10020"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg type="String" index="1" value="刘经理"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg type="String" index="2" value="女"></constructor-arg>
</bean>

</beans>

工厂注入形式：

写一个EmployeeFactory来造Employee

public class EmployeeFactory {

public Employee createEmployee(){
Employee emp=new Employee();
emp.setId(10050);
emp.setName("孙经理");
emp.setSex("女");
return emp;
}
}

xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean>

<bean id="employeeFactory" class="com.zhiqi.factory.EmployeeFactory">
</bean>

<bean id="employee" factory-bean="employeeFactory" factory-method="createEmployee">
</bean>

</beans>

静态工厂：

public class EmployeeFactory {

public static Employee createEmployee(){
Employee emp=new Employee();
emp.setId(10050);
emp.setName("孙经理");
emp.setSex("女");
return emp;
}
}

xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car"></bean>

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.factory.EmployeeFactory" factory-method="createEmployee">
</bean>

</beans>

3、注入参数【基本类型】【注入bean】【内部bean】【null值】【级联属性】【集合List Set Map】

前面都是基本类型注入

现在注入一个bean

如：一个员工有一辆车

package com.zhiqi.model;

public class Employee {

private int id;
private String name;
private String sex;
private Car car;

public Employee() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public Employee(int id, String name, String sex) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.sex = sex;
}

public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Car getCar() {
return car;
}
public void setCar(Car car) {
this.car = car;
}
}

xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
<property name="id" value="2007"></property>
<property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property>
</bean>

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<property name="id" value="10080"></property>
<property name="name" value="贾经理"></property>
<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
<property name="car" ref="car"></property>
</bean>

</beans>

运行：


内部bean，如：一辆车只属于某个员工

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
<property name="id" value="2007"></property>
<property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property>
</bean>

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<property name="id" value="10080"></property>
<property name="name" value="贾经理"></property>
<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
<property name="car">
<bean class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
<property name="id" value="6008"></property>
<property name="carName" value="奥拓"></property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>

</beans>

null值，如：某个员工没有车

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
<property name="id" value="2007"></property>
<property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property>
</bean>

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<property name="id" value="10080"></property>
<property name="name" value="贾经理"></property>
<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
<property name="car">
<null></null>
</property>
</bean>

</beans>

级联，如：

<property name="car.name" value="XX车"></property>

xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
<bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
<property name="id" value="2007"></property>
<property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property>
</bean>

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<property name="id" value="10080"></property>
<property name="name" value="贾经理"></property>
<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
<property name="car.id" value="8008"></property>
<property name="car.carName" value="保时捷"></property>
</bean>

</beans>

集合List。如：一个员工有多个手机

private List<String> phoneList=new ArrayList<String>();

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
<property name="id" value="2007"></property>
<property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property>
</bean-->

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<property name="id" value="10080"></property>
<property name="name" value="贾经理"></property>
<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
<!-- 内部bean 需要new -->
<!--property name="car.id" value="8008"></property>
<property name="car.carName" value="保时捷"></property-->
<property name="phoneList">
<list>
<value>苹果IPhone6s</value>
<value>小米5MX</value>
<value>华为Meta</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>

</beans>

运行：



集合Set。如：一个员工有多套房子

xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
<property name="id" value="2007"></property>
<property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property>
</bean-->

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<property name="id" value="10080"></property>
<property name="name" value="贾经理"></property>
<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
<!-- 内部bean 需要new -->
<!--property name="car.id" value="8008"></property>
<property name="car.carName" value="保时捷"></property-->
<property name="phoneList">
<list>
<value>苹果IPhone6s</value>
<value>小米5MX</value>
<value>华为Meta</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="houseSet">
<set>
<value>华侨城6区 C座</value>
<value>齐悦花园3-104</value>
</set>
</property>
</bean>

</beans>

Set集合遍历



Map集合，如：一个员工有多个QQ

private Map<String,String> qqMap=new HashMap<String,String>();

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--bean id="car" class="com.zhiqi.model.Car">
<property name="id" value="2007"></property>
<property name="carName" value="奥迪"></property>
</bean-->

<bean id="employee" class="com.zhiqi.model.Employee">
<property name="id" value="10080"></property>
<property name="name" value="贾经理"></property>
<property name="sex" value="男"></property>
<!-- 内部bean 需要new -->
<!--property name="car.id" value="8008"></property>
<property name="car.carName" value="保时捷"></property-->
<property name="phoneList">
<list>
<value>苹果IPhone6s</value>
<value>小米5MX</value>
<value>华为Meta</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="houseSet">
<set>
<value>华侨城6区 C座</value>
<value>齐悦花园3-104</value>
</set>
</property>
<property name="qqMap">
<map>
<entry>
<key><value>工作QQ</value></key>
<value>10078</value>
</entry>
<entry>
<key><value>私密QQ</value></key>
<value>10079</value>
</entry>
</map>
</property>
</bean>

</beans>运行：